Sport Injury and Management

8/16/2019 Sport Injury and Management

1/56

SPORT INJURY &MANAGEMENT

Onarisa Ayu, MD


2/56

y ,

Learning obje!i"es

#o$ !o %assiy injuries as 'roni or au!e

#o$ !o %assiy injuries as so! !issue or 'ar( !issue

Di)eren! !y*es o s+in (aage - u!s, gra.es, b%is!ersan( 'a/ng

T'e auses an( !rea!en! o s!rains, s*rains,(is%oa!ions an( !orn ar!i%age

#o$ !o i(en!iy an( !rea! ra!ures

T'e !rea!en! o injuries - R0I010E0

T'e auses an( !rea!en! o unonsiousness -D0R0A02010, resusi!a!ion an( !'e reo"ery *osi!ion

T'e auses an( !rea!en! o onussion, (e'y(ra!ionan( 'y*o!'eria0


3/56

Any i(ea333

2ruise

S*rain

4ra!ure

1onussion

(is%oa!ion

bone is *u%%e( or !$is!e( ou! o *%ae a! a join!0

A ra+e( or bro+en bone

2%ee(ing un(er !'e s+in

Torn o !'e %igaen!

oon ause o unonsiousness


4/56

• direct

• indirect

• overuse

!y*e o !issue injure(5

• soft

• hard

CLASSIFYING SPORTS INJURIES


5/56

DIRECT INJURIES

• 1ause( by oresgenera!e( ro

ou!si(e !'e bo(y0• Direct injuries

resu%! in – ra!ures,

– (is%oa!ions,

– s*rains an(

– bruises0


6/56

INDIRECT INJURIES

• 1ause( by a ore$i!'in !'e bo(y0

• Our as a resu%! o5

6 ina(e7ua!e $ar6u*

6 ba%%is!i o"een!s6 e8essi"e s!rain onus%es an( !en(ons


7/56

OVERUSE INJURIES

• Resu%! ro in!enseor unreasonab%e use

o join!s or bo(yareas0

• Pro"o+e( byre*e!i!i"e, %o$6i*a! e8erise su'as jogging ors!e**ing0

• 1ause *ain an(in9aa!ion aroun(

!'e si!e o !'e injury0


8/56

OVERUSE INJURIES

• Anterior shin splints;

irri!a!ion !o !'e ron!

*or!ion o !'es'inbone0

• Tendonitis;

irri!a!ion o !en(onse0g0in !'e A'i%%es!en(on in !'e 'ee%0


9/56

SO4T TISSUE

T'is in%u(es: – Mus%es – Ten(ons – Ligaen!s – Join! !issue – 4a!!y !issue

Ty*es o so! !issue injuriesin%u(e: – 2ruises ;'aea!oa< – S*rains ;%igaen!s< – S!rains ;!en(ons< – Laera!ions ;s+in<

– Dis%oa!ions ;join!s< – Ten(oni!is ;!en(ons<

#ARD TISSUE

#ar( !issue in%u(es:

– Tee!'

–2ones


10/56

SO4T TISSUE INJURIES


11/56

SOT TISSUE INJURIES

• Acute;

ourring

su((en%y• Chronic;

*ro%onge(

• 1'roni so! !issue

injuriesneessi!a!es a %ongre'abi%i!a!ion (ue!o !'eir se"eri!y0


12/56

TEARS, SPRAINS, 1ONTUSIONS

Tears ;S!rains being !'e %eas! serious u* !o Gra(e ? being !'eos! serious

1on!usions: a bruise ;b%ee(ing< in!o !'e so! !issue0Genera%%y ause( by on!a! $i!' a so%i( ;usua%%y b%un!<obje!0


13/56

SKIN ABRASION, LACERATION,BLISTERS, CALLUSES

S+in abrasions: our $'en !'eou!er %ayer o !'e s+in isreo"e(, usua%%y a sra*inga!ion0

Laera!ions: a u!, $'i' $i%%

usua%%y re7uire s!i!'es,(e*en(ing on !'e (e*!' o !'eu!0 T'is is usua%%y ause( by as'ar* obje!0

2%is!ers: our beause o ri!ion,$'i' auses a *o+e! o 9ui( !oor un(er !'e s+in

1a%%uses: $'en a bui%(6u* o (ea(s+in ors a! a si!e $'ereons!an! ri!ion 'as ourre(0


14/56

1'roni injuries are ause( by on!inuous s!ress on abo(y *ar! o"er a %ong !ie0

#ere are soe oon 'roni injuries:

Injuries an be %asse( as 'roni or au!e0 4irs!, $e $i%%onsi(er 'roni injuries0

1'roni injuries an be ause( by !raining !oo'ar(, no! a%%o$ing !ie or reo"ery, *oor oo!$earan( ba( !e'ni7ue0

!ennis e%bo$

go%ers e%bo$

s'in s*%in!s0

1'roni injuries


15/56

T'ese injuries s'ou%( be !rea!e( bya**%ying an ie*a+ an( res!ing or se"era%$ee+s0

P'ysio!'era*y !rea!en! ay be nee(e(an( *ossib%y or!isone ;s!eroi(< inje!ions !ore%ie"e !'e *ain0

Go% an( !ennis *u! a %o! o s!rain on !'ee%bo$0

In go% an( !ennis e%bo$, !'e !en(ons !'a!a!!a' us%es !o !'e e%bo$ join! beoein9ae(, sore an( *ainu%0

1'roni injuries


16/56

S'in s*%in!s are *ains in !'e %o$er %eg,ause( by on!inuous s!ress o"er a

%ong *erio( o !ie0Ei!'er !'e !en(ons aroun( !'e !ibiabeoe in9ae(, or @s!ress ra!ures(e"e%o* - !'ese are ra+s a%ong !'e%eng!' o !'e bone0

S'in s*%in!s s'ou%( be !rea!e( $i!' iean( *%en!y o res!0 1us'ione(oo!$ear an( s*eia% inso%es an 'e%*!o *re"en! !'e injury re!urning0

1'roni injuries


17/56

IN4LAMMATORY RESPONSE

T'is is !'e ini!ia% s!age o re*air in"o%"ing !'e/rs! BC6 'rs a!er !'e injury as !'e bo(yinreases b%oo( 9o$ !o !'e injure( si!e0


18/56

Phase 1 –Infaat!r"sta#e$

Re(ness

#ea!

S$e%%ing

Pain

Loss oun!ion

E%iina!e (ebris

4or ne$ /bres

Pro(ue sar!issue

development ofscar tissue tissueneeds tostrengthen in thedirection force is

applied

dependant onamount ofexercise andrehab routine

aim to regain fullfunction

Phase 2 – Repair

stage (3 days to

six weeks)

Phase 3 –

Remodelling stage

(6 weeks to months)


19/56

MANAGNG !"#$ $!!%& N'%R&!


20/56

SO%T TISSUE IN&URIES –'USCLES(TENDONS(LI)A'ENTS

AL*A+S TINK

RECOGNITION OF INJURY AND APPROPRIATEMANAGEMENT- ACUTE ! C"RONIC#

USE$R 6 REST

I - I1E

C - 1OMPRESSION

E - ELEFATION

R - RE4ERRALSTRAINS%S&RAINS


21/56

RICER -Rest, Ice, C!.ressi!n, E/e0ati!n, Reerra/2

Res!: inia% o"een! or !'e /rs! BC6 'rs

Ie: auses b%oo( "esse%s !o ons!ri! !o (erease b%oo(9o$0 A**%y or 6? ins e"ery 'rs or BC6 'rs0

1o*ression: ie s'ou%( be /r%y a**%ie( in a $i(e e%as!iban(age0 T'is re(ues s$e%%ing an( *ro"i(es su**or!0

E%e"a!ion: ensure !'e injury si!e is e%e"a!e( abo"e !'e'ear!0 T'is re(ues !'e "o%ue an( *ressure o b%oo( 9o$!o !'e injury an( re(ues s$e%%ing0

Reerra%: a e(ia% assessen! s'ou%( be soug'! ASAP !oas aser!ain !'e u%% e8!en! o !'e injury0


22/56

SO%T TISSUE IN&URIES

DEINITE'( NO$

- #EAT

A - AL1O#OL = ASPIRIN

R - RUNNING ;e8erise<' - MASSAGE

IN T#E 4IRST B - #OURS OR LONGER

KNO* SO'E BASIC


23/56

KNO* SO'E BASICANATO'+

T'e +nee0

A ine/e%(

!o (iagnose0Lea"e i! !o

!'e e8*er!sH


24/56

LATERAL('EDIAL ANKLE


25/56

IMMEDIATE TREATMENT O4 SININJURIES

T'e ie(ia!e res*onse ais !o: – Pre"en! ur!'er (aage an( re3uce the ris4 ! inecti!n – Re(ue s$e%%ing – Erase or iniise *ain – Res!ore 9e8ibi%i!y –

Regain u%% un!ion – Pre"en! reourrene0

4or abrasions=%aera!ions: – S!o* b%ee(ing i neessary an( %ean !'e $oun( $'ere *ossib%e – A**%y non s!i+ s!eri%e (ressing – See+ s!i!'es i neessary

4or burns: – Ie(ia!e%y a**%y o%( running $a!er – ee* %ean an( s!eri%e – See+ e(ia% a("ie


26/56

AR $!!%& N'%R&!


27/56

4RA1TURES

I! is a brea+ in a bone, $'i' an beas si*%e as a sa%% ra+ $i!' no"isib%e (eori!y, or o*%e8, in !'a!

i! ay a)e! "i!a% organs %ose !o !'era!ure si!e0


28/56

Dire! on!a! $i!':O!'ersObje!s

T'e groun(

In(ire! ore on ano!'er bo(y *ar! ;a%%ing an(%an(ing on ar5 ra!ure( %a"i%e<

Ina**ro*ria!e usu%ar a!ion ;ju*ing ro a

'eig'!, %an(ing on ee!5 ra!ure( *a!e%%a<

O"eruse, re*ea!e( !raua ;running5 s!ressra!ure in oo!<

1oon auses in%u(e:


29/56

Ty*es o ra!ures in%u(e

Si*%e=1%ose(: !'e bone is ra!ure(bu! !'ere is no $oun( a! !'e si!e0

O*en=o*oun(: !'e jagge( en( o ara!ure( bone *ro!ru(es !'roug' !'es+in0


30/56


31/56

Signs an( sy*!osin%u(e:

Pain

Re(ue(=no o"een!

Loa% !en(erness

Deori!y

Irregu%ar a%ignen!S$e%%ing


32/56

DISLO1ATIONS

I! is $'ere one bone is (is*%ae( ro ano!'er

Signs an( sy*!os ay in%u(e:

Loss o o"een! a! !'e join!

Ob"ious (eori!y

S$e%%ing an( !en(erness

Pain a! !'e injury si!e

Su5/u6ati!n$ a *ar!ia% (is%oa!ion $'ere !'e join!(is%oa!es an( !'en re%oa!es0


33/56

%RACTURE 7DISLOCATION

AL*A+S TINK

DAMAGE

DA'A)E TO

SO4T TISSUESNERFES

2LOOD FESSELS

MINIMAL MOFEMENT 6 IMMO2ILISE0

TRANSPORT 6 AM2ULAN1E IN ALL 1ASESO4 MAJOR 4RA1TURE OR DISLO1ATION0


34/56

A DISLO1ATION IS A 4RA1TUREUNTIL PROFEN OT#ERISE


35/56


GREAT 1AREH


36/56


IMMO2ILISATION3


37/56

DO NOT REDUCE8

ICE ) SU&&ORT ) TRANS&ORT


38/56

'ANA)IN) ARD TISSUEIN&URIES

IMMO2ILISATION

To ano!'er %ib

To ano!'er *ar! o !'e bo(y

To a /r, soo!', s!raig'! obje!

S*%in! abo"e !'e join! abo"e !'e

ra!ure an( be%o$ !'e join! be%o$!'e ra!ure

MEDI1AL TREATMENT


39/56

MEDI1AL TREATMENT

Su**or! !'e si!e $i!' a s%ing or s*%in!

1'e+ or i*aire( iru%a!ion

Arrange or !rans*or!I*%een! RI1ER i i! (oes no! ause *ain0

NE9ER ATTE'PT TO REDUCE(RELOCATE ADISLOCATION8

DO NOT ATTE'PT TO RE7ALI)N %RACTUREDLI'BS8

SEEK 'EDICAL ATTENTION8


40/56

UnonsiousnessUnonsiousness an be ause( by a nuber o !'ings0

>0 4ain!ing - oon ain!ing is a !e*orary abnora%i!y in b%oo( 9o$!o !'e brain0 I! an be ause( by s!ress, 'ea! or *'ysia% e8er!ion0

0 #ea( injury - any b%o$ !o !'e 'ea( an ause unonsiousness,$'e!'er i! (aages !'e s+u%% or no!0

?0 #ear! a!!a+ or s!ro+e - !'is an in!erru*! b%oo( 9o$ !o !'e brain0

B0 As*'y8ia - brea!'ing is obs!ru!e(, or e8a*%e i !'e *erson 'asin'a%e( $a!er0

K0 S'o+ - ause( by b%oo( %oss, ine!ion or 'ear! *rob%es0

Unonsiousness an a%so be a sign o a $i(e range oi%%nesses, or e8a*%e, (iabe!es0


41/56

D0R0A02010


42/56

Resusi!a!ionI an unonsious asua%!y is no! brea!'ing, resue brea!'s ;or ou!'6!o6ou!' resusi!a!ion< an be use(0

I a asua%!y 'as no *u%se, 'es! o*ressions an be use(0

T'is in"o%"es !'e resuer re*ea!e(%y b%o$ing airin!o !'e ou!' o !'e asua%!y !o in9a!e an((e9a!e !'eir %ungs0 T'is a%%o$s soe o8ygenin!o !'e bo(y0

T'e resuer *us'es (o$n /r%y an( re*ea!e(%yon !'e asua%!ys 'es!, ii+ing !'e a!ion o!'e 'ear! an( iru%a!ing soe b%oo( aroun( !'e

bo(y0

Use( !oge!'er, !'ese !$o !e'ni7ues are +no$n asar(io*u%onary resusi!a!ion, or 1PR0


43/56

T'e reo"ery *osi!ion

An unonsious asua%!y $'o is brea!'ing an( 'as no %ie6!'rea!ening on(i!ions s'ou%( be *%ae( in !'e reo"ery*osi!ion0

T'is +ee*s !'e air$ay o*en an( *re"en!s !'es$a%%o$ing !'eir o$n !ongue or 'o+ing on "oi!0


44/56

1onussion1onussion is a oon ause ounonsiousness $'i%e *%aying

s*or!01onussion ours $'en anin(i"i(ua% 'as reei"e( a b%o$ !o!'e 'ea(, ausing an injury !o !'ebrain0 T'is ou%( be ause( bya%%ing or being 'i! by soe!'ing or

soeone0

A *erson ay be onusse( $i!'ou! %osing onsiousness0 T'e signs

an in%u(e (isorien!a!ion, %oss o "ision, "oi!ing, *a%eness, araing *u%se an( s'a%%o$ brea!'ing0

1onussion s'ou%( be !rea!e( a! 'os*i!a%0

© EMPICS Ltd


45/56

# !' i


46/56

#y*o!'eriaNora% bo(y !e*era!ure is ?10

I a *erorers bo(y !e*era!ure a%%s

be%o$ ?K1, !'ey begin !o su)er ro'y*o!'eria0

Peo*%e $'o !a+e *ar! in a!i"i!ies inoun!ainous areas or on $a!er are*ar!iu%ar%y a! ris+0

1oon sy*!os o 'y*o!'eria ares'i"ering, *a%eness, %oss o (e8!eri!yan( erra!i be'a"iour0

A 'y*o!'eri *erson s'ou%( be $are(6u* gra(ua%%y0

T'ey nee( $ar, (ry %o!'ing, $ar (rin+san( 'ig' energy oo(s0


47/56

1auses an( !rea!en!s


48/56

ASSESS'ENT O% IN&URIES


49/56

PROTOCOL *EN IN&UR+(ILLNESSOCCURS – VITA'*

D+R+A+,+C+D+ T+O+T+A+&+S+

TOTAPS ;Ta%+ Obser"e Tou' A!i"e


50/56

TOTAPS ;Ta%+, Obser"e, Tou', A!i"eo"een!, Passi"e o"een!, S+i%%s<

Ta%+: !a%+ an( /n( ou! e8a!%y $'a! 'a**ene(0 T'is $i%% *ro"i(e"a%uab%e ino abou! !'e na!ure o !'e injury0

Obser"e: %oo+ a! !'e injury si!e an( see i !'ere are any signs oob"ious (eori!y0 1o*are o**osi!e si(es o !'e bo(y0

Tou': gen!%y ee% !'e areas or any sign o (eori!y or s$e%%ing an(!ry !o *in*oin! !'e area o *ain0

A!i"e o"een!: as+ !'e *%ayer !o *eror a range o o"een!ssu' as 9e8ion, e8!ension an( ro!a!ion0 I !'ese an be (one $i!'ou!*ain, *roee(0

Passi"e o"een!: *'ysia%%y obi%i.e !'e join! as ar or ur!'er !'an!'e *a!ien! (i( a!i"e%y, aiing !o i(en!iy *ainu% areas an( any

ins!abi%i!y

S+i%%s !es!: as+ !'e *%ayer !o *eror a range o s+i%%s neessary or*ar!ii*a!ion in !'e gae, i0e0 si(es!e*0


51/56


52/56

O O


53/56

RE'O9AL %RO' TE%IELD O% PLA+

AL*A+S TINK

DO NOT ATTE-&T TO RE-OVE A&'A(ER RO- T"E IE'D ."O$

IS UN1ONS1IOUS0#AS A SUSPE1TED SPINAL INJURY0

#AS A MAJOR DISLO1ATION=4RA1TURE0

#AS A SUSPE1TED INTERNAL INJURY0

#AS AN INJURY OR 1ONDITION T#AT1OULD 2E SERIOUSLY ORSENED 2Y

MOFEMENT0

RE'O9AL %RO' TE


54/56

RE'O9AL %RO' TE%IELD O% PLA+

ALAYS ENSURE AN AM2ULAN1E IS 1ALLED IN T#E A2OFE SITUATIONS - OR I4 IN DOU2T -

&ROTOCO'#

CONSIDER$ ALL 1ONDITIONS MUST 2E MANAGED

2Y T#E 4IRST AID O44I1ER UNTIL T#EAM2ULAN1E RESPONDS0

T#IS ILL DEPEND UPON LO1ATION0

ISOLATED AREAS - DISTAN1E0

AFAILA2ILITY O4 AN AM2ULAN1E0

TIME IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR! – YOU WILL BE OF GREAT ASSISTANCE TO THE FAO!!


55/56

Assessen! an be s!o**e( a! anys!age i !'e *%ayer anno! *roee( or

i (anger is a**aren!0

I !'e *%ayer an *eror !o !'e

sa!isa!ion o !'e assessor, !'e*%ayer an re!urn !o !'e gae0

I !'ere is ris+ o ur!'er (aage!'roug' on!inue( *%ay, reo"e !'e*%ayer ro !'e gae

#O OULD YOU MANAGE


56/56

#O OULD YOU MANAGE T#IS3

Sport Injury and Management

Documents

Transcript of Sport Injury and Management