Topographical Views
Exploring the Skin and Fascia
Bones of the Spine and Thorax
Bony Landmark Trails
Bony Landmark Trails
Bony Landmark Trails
Trail 1 “Midline Ridge”
Spinous Processes of the Vertebrae
Trail 2 “Crossing Paths”
T-12 and the Twelfth Rib
L-4 and Top of the Iliac Crest
C-7 and Base of the Neck
T-2 and Superior Angle
T-7 and Inferior Angle
Trail 2 “Crossing Paths”
Trail 3 “Nape Lane”
Spinous Processes of the Cervicals
Transverse Processes of the Cervicals
Trail 3 “Nape Lane”
Transverse Process of C-1
Cervical Lamina Groove
Trail 3 “Nape Lane”
Transverse Processes of the Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae
Trail 4 “Buried Boulevard”
Lamina Groove of the Thoracic Vertebrae
Trail 4 “Buried Boulevard”
Lamina Groove of the Lumbar Vertebrae
Trail 4 “Buried Boulevard”
Trail 5 “Breastbone Ridge”
Jugular Notch
Manubrium and Sternum
Xiphoid Process
Trail 6 “One Bumpy Road”
Ribs and Costal Cartilage
First Rib
Trail 6 “One Bumpy Road”
Eleventh and Twelfth Ribs
Trail 6 “One Bumpy Road”
Muscles of the Spine and Thorax
Muscles of the Spine and Thorax
Muscles of the Spine and Thorax
Muscles of the Spine and Thorax
Muscle Layers of the Posterior Neck
Muscle Layers of the Posterior Neck
Muscle Layer of the Posterior Neck
Cross Section of the Neck
Cross Section of the Thorax
Cross Section of the Thorax
Synergists – Muscles Working Together
Vertebral Column
Erector Spinae Group
Spinalis
Longissimus
Iliocostalis
Erector Spinae Group
Erector Spinae Group
Erector Spinae Group
Transversospinalis Group
Multifidi
Rotatores
Semispinalis Capitis
Transversospinalis Group
Transversospinalis Group
Transversospinalis Group
Transversospinalis Group
Splenius Capitis and Cervicis
Splenius Capitis and Cervicis
Splenius Capitis
Both Splenii Muscles
Quadratus Lumborum
Quadratus Lumborum
Quadratus Lumborum
Abdominals
Rectus Abdominis
External Oblique
Internal Oblique
Transverse Abdominis
Rectus Abdominis
External Oblique (left side)
Serratus Posterior Superior and Inferior
Serratus Posterior Superior
Serratus Posterior Inferior
Other Structures of the Spine and Thorax
Ligamentum Nuchae
Supraspinous Ligament
Abdominal Aorta
Thoracolumbar Aponeurosis
Craniovertebral Joints
Atlantooccipital and Atlantoaxial Joints
Craniovertebral Joints Atlantooccipital and Atlantoaxial Joints
Intervertebral Joints
Intervertebral Joints
Costovertebral Joints
Sternocostal Joints