Spending Impulsivity

7/31/2019 Spending Impulsivity

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V{ooaoi `kjm4 R\KOMAOI AG\[NRAUA]Q :

R|komaoi Ag|{nraua}q4

Marbvk}k Kgc}acor jom Kic Mk|nk}acor Keekb}r

Garb`j Rkvnao

Mk\j{y [oaukvra}q


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V{ooaoi `kjm4 R\KOMAOI AG\[NRAUA]Q 2

Gjvhk}kvr jom jmukv}arkvr `juk jnyjqr fkko ao}kvkr}km ao aobvkjraoi }`k keekb}aukokrr ce

}`kav bjg|jaior/ Gjrr gkmaj gjvhk}aoi {rkm }c fk }`k gjao yjq ecv jmukv}arkvr }c vkjb`

b{r}cgkvr/ ]`k bcobk|} ce gjrr gkmaj gjvhk}aoi ar }c aobvkjrk }`k evkz{kobq }`j} b{r}cgkvr

uaky j |jv}ab{njv jmukv}arkgko} fq |njbaoi }`j} jmukv}arkgko} ao jr gjoq gkma{gr jom jr ce}ko

jr |crrafnk/ ]`k bvkj}aco ce j evco} ce gaom keekb} jom fvjom jyjvkokrr yjr }`k c{}bcgk ce r{b`

gjvhk}aoi/ ]`k gkma{gr }vjma}acojnnq {rkm ecv gjrr gkmaj gjvhk}aoi aobn{mkm okyr|j|kvr.

gjijtaokr. }knkuaraco. jom c}`kv ecvgr ce |vao}/ Je}kv }`k kp|ncraco ce ao}kvok} {rk. jmukv}araoi

r}vj}kiakr b`joikm/

]`k ao}kvok} jnncykm aomauam{jn aoecvgj}aco }c fk ij}`kvkm fq gjvhk}kvr jom jmukv}arkvr/

R|kbaeabjnnq. y`ko conaok rcbajn gkmaj ykfra}kr fkijo }c ivcy. mk}jankm facivj|àbjn

aoecvgj}aco co b{r}cgkvr bc{nm fk ij}`kvkm/ B{r}cgkvr bc{nm fk }jvik}km fjrkm co }`kav

ikcivj|àbjn ncbj}aco. rcbajn ivc{|r. jik. ikomkv. |vkuac{r |vcm{b}r ncchkm j} conaok. k}b/ ]àr

aobvkjrk ao aoecvgj}aco r|kbaeaba}q nkm }c cok'}c'cok gjvhk}aoi. yàb` krrko}ajnnq jnncyr

jmukv}arkvr }c r|kbaeabjnnq }jvik} b{r}cgkvr co jo aomauam{jn fjrar/ Ya}` }`k jfana}q }c }jancv

jmukv}arkgko}r }c aomauam{jn b{r}cgkv ivc{|r uaj gjvhk} rkigko}j}aco. }`kvk ar ocy j ivkj}kv

ag|cv}jobk ecv jmukv}arkvr }c {omkvr}jom `cy r|kbaeab r}ag{na evcg }`kav jmukv}arkgko}r jeekb}

b{r}cgkv fk`juacv/ Ecv kpjg|nk. ae gjvhk}kvr {rkm }`k {omkvr}jomaoi ce `cy r|kbaeab r}ag{na

jeekb} b{r}cgkv fk`juacv ao bcobkv} ya}` gjvhk} rkigko}j}aco. }`ko jo jmukv}arkgko}r yc{nm

`juk j ivkj} b`jobk ce |vcm{baoi }`k mkravkm vkr{n}. aobvkjrkm r|komaoi fq }`k aomauam{jn

bcor{gkv ivc{|/

Joc}`kv. gcvk vkbko} mkuknc|gko} ce rcbajn gkmaj ykfra}kr ar }`k ao}vcm{b}aco ce j nahk

f{}}co/ Ecv kpjg|nk. Ejbkfcch `jr j nahk f{}}co jom Qc{}{fk `jr j }`{gfr {| f{}}co/ ]`krk

f{}}cor jnncy jmukv}arkvr }c aor}jo}jokc{rnq gcoa}cv bcor{gkv |vkekvkobkr co joq}àoi |vkrko}km


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V{ooaoi `kjm4 R\KOMAOI AG\[NRAUA]Q =

}c }`kg/ Ecv kpjg|nk. ae jmukv}arkvr yjo} }c hocy y`j} j |jv}ab{njv rcbajn ivc{| co Ejbkfcch

nahkr. jvk |jrracoj}k jfc{}. cv eaom jg{raoi. }`ko }`crk jmukv}arkvr bjo ncch j} y`j} aomauam{jnr

ao }`k rcbajn ivc{| jvk nahaoi/ Jn}kvoj}auknq. jmukv}arkvr bjo r{iikr} j Ejbkfcch |jik }`j}

r{||cv} }àoir }`k jmukv}arkv ar ao}kvkr}km ao }c cok aomauam{jn ya}ào j rcbajn ivc{|/ Ae }`j}

aomauam{jn nahkr }`k |jik r{iikr}km. }`k jb}aco ce }`k aomauam{jn nahaoi }`k |jik yann fk

|vkrko}km }c c}`kv gkgfkvr ce }`j} rcbajn ivc{| jr j r{iikr}aco }c nahk }`j} |jik/ Cukv j

vkjrcojfnk jgc{o} ce }agk. }`k jmukv}arkvr bjo uaky j||vcpagj}knq `cy gjoq aomauam{jnr ce }`j}

rcbajn ivc{| j||vcuk ce }`j} |jik ao rcgk yjq/ ]àr nahaoi |vcbkrr bjo fk mcok co uav}{jnnq

joq}àoi |vkrko}km ya}ào Ejbkfcch (kp}kvojn ykfra}kr. |cna}abjn ivc{|r. b{vvko} kuko}r. dchkr.

r}j}{r {|mj}kr. bcggko}r. k}b/!/ Ocok}`knkrr. }`k jfana}q }c nkjvo jfc{} jom }jvik} bcor{gkvr rc

|vkbarknq conq `kn|r jmukv}arkvr ae }`kq {omkvr}jom y`j} jom `cy maeekvko} r}ag{na jeekb}

bcioa}auk |vcbkrrkr/

]`k ecb{r ce }`k |vkrko} r}{mq ar }c kp}kom |vkuac{r vkrkjvb` }`j} ecb{rkr co mk}kvgaoaoi

y`j} jeekb}r bcor{gkv fk`juacv/ ]`k bcor{gkv fk`juacv yàb` A j}}kg|} }c gjoa|{nj}k ar

r|komaoi ag|{nraua}q yàb` ar mkeaokm jr r|co}jokc{r mkbaraco gjhaoi ya}`c{} vkenkb}aco co }`k

|{v|crk ce }`k mkbaraco (Uc`r % Ejfkv. 6


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V{ooaoi `kjm4 R\KOMAOI AG\[NRAUA]Q ;

keekb} kgc}acor `juk co r|komaoi ag|{nraua}q ya}ào aomauam{jnr y`c jvk jnrc kp|kvakobaoi kic

mk|nk}aco yann e{v}`kv |vkuac{r vkrkjvb` jom jam jmukv}arkvr/ Bcgfaoaoi }`k eaomaoir ce }yc

vkrkjvb` jvkjr. kgc}acojn keekb}r jom kic mk|nk}aco. co r|komaoi ag|{nraua}q yann |vcuamk

jmukv}arkvr ya}` vkr{n}r }`j} j||nq }c j gcvk r|kbaeab gjvhk} rkigko} (kic mk|nk}km aomauam{jnr!

aobvkjraoi }`k keekb}aukokrr ce cok'}c'cok gjvhk}aoi/

A yann eavr} bcukv }`k vkrkjvb` co kic mk|nk}aco jom r}{makr }`j} `juk r|kbaeabjnnq ncchkm j}

a}r jeekb}r co r|komaoi ag|{nraua}q/ Rkbcom. A yann iauk jo jbbc{o} ce vkrkjvb` gkjr{vaoi }`k

keekb}r ce kgc}acor co bcioa}auk magkoracor jom }`k vknj}auknq oky ecb{r jyjq evcg ujnkobk

kgc}acor }c marbvk}k kgc}acor/ ]àvm. A yann marb{rr r}{makr }`j} `juk gkjr{vkm }`k keekb}r ce

kgc}acor co kic mk|nk}aco/ Njr}. A yann marb{rr gq r}{mqr gk}`cmr jom vkr{n}r |vcuamaoi j

mavkb}aco ecv e{}{vk vkrkjvb`/

Kic Mk|nk}aco

Kic mk|nk}aco mkjnr ya}` }`k bcor}v{b} ce jo aomauam{jnr aojfana}q }c koijik ao rkne

vki{nj}aco ya}` vkijvmr }c joq d{migko}. mkbaraco. cv jb}aco (Fj{gkar}kv. Fvj}rnjurhq. G{vjuko

% ]abk. :110!/ ]`k kokviq cv r}vkoi}` gcmkn ce rkne vki{nj}aco ar cok ce }`vkk gjao gcmknr

yàb` j}}kg|}r }c kp|njao `cy rkne vki{nj}aco ycvhr jom ar }`k cok yàb` `jr ij}`kvkm }`k gcr}

r{||cv} (Fj{gkar}kv k} jn/. :110!/ ]`k amkj ar }`j} y`ko jo aomauam{jn koijikr ao rkne vki{nj}aco.

j eaoa}k vkrc{vbk. g{b` nahk |`qrabjn kokviq. ar vkz{avkm. jom a}r mk|nk}aco nkjukr }`k aomauam{jn

ya}` nkrr ce }`k vkrc{vbk. yàb` ao }{vo vkr{n}r ao |ccvkv |kvecvgjobk co r{frkz{ko} rkne

vki{nj}aco }jrhr (Fj{gkar}kv k} jn/. :110!/ Joc}`kv gjao amkj ar }`j} }`k eaoa}k vkrc{vbk ar {rkm fq

gjoq maeekvko} rkne vki{nj}aco }jrhr/ ]`{r. |kvecvgjobk ce j |jv}ab{njv }q|k ce r{frkz{ko} rkne

vki{nj}aco }jrh bjo fk aoen{kobkm fq joq haom ce |vkuac{r rkne vki{nj}aco }jrh/


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]`k }yc c}`kv gcmknr ecv rkne vki{nj}aco. yàb` `juk oc} vkbkaukm r{||cv}. aobn{mk rkne

vki{nj}aco jr j hocynkmik r}v{b}{vk jom rkne vki{nj}aco jr j rhann (Fj{gkar}kv k} jn/. :110!/ ]`k

hocynkmik r}v{b}{vk gcmkn vkekvr }c rkne vki{nj}aco jr r}cvkm aoecvgj}aco jfc{} `cy }c vki{nj}k

}`k rkne8 }`kvkecvk. }`k r}cvkm aoecvgj}aco yc{nm vkjb} }c |vagaoi cv r|vkjmaoi jb}auj}aco/ ]àr

yc{nm bj{rk jo aobvkjrk ao |kvecvgjobk co r{frkz{ko} rkne vki{nj}aco }jrhr jr }`k eavr} rkne

vki{nj}aco }jrh yc{nm jyjhko }`k jfana}q }c rkne vki{nj}k jom gjhk a} gcvk jbbkrrafnk (G{vjuko.

]abk % Fj{gkar}kv. :110!/ ]`k }àvm gcmkn njfknr rkne vki{nj}aco jr j rhann/ Rhannr bjo fk

|kvekb}km cukv}agk f{} jo aomauam{jnr |kvecvgjobk ce j rhann r}jqr vknj}auknq bcor}jo} cukv }jrhr/

]`kvkecvk. ae rkne vki{nj}aco ar j rhann. }`ko |vkuac{r rkne vki{nj}aco }jrhr yc{nm `juk oc keekb} co

r{frkz{ko} }jrh |kvecvgjobkr/ (G{vjuko k} jn/. :110!

Jr gko}acokm kjvnakv. }`k r}vkoi}` gcmkn ce rkne vki{nj}aco `jr ijaokm }`k gcr} r{||cv}

jom ar }`k yamknq `knm }`kcvq co rkne vki{nj}aco/ Ao }`k ecnncyaoi rkb}aco. A eavr} yann bcukv

|vkuac{r vkrkjvb` }`j} `jr r`cyo r{||cv} ecv }àr gcmkn/ Rkbcom. A yann marb{rr }`k ag|nabj}acor

ce }`kav eaomaoir ao jo kbcocgab rkork/ ]àvm. A yann vkuaky |vkuac{r r}{makr }`j} {rk }`k r}vkoi}`

gcmkn jom r|kbaeabjnnq gkjr{vk kic mk|nk}acor keekb}r co ag|{nraua}q jom kgc}acor keekb}r co

kic mk|nk}aco yann fk vkuakykm/

R}vkoi}` Gcmkn ce Rkne Vki{nj}aco

]`k ecnncyaoi }`vkk r}{makr bcom{b}km fq G{vjuko k} jn/ (:110! ykvk mcok }c }kr} r{||cv}

ecv }`k r}vkoi}` gcmkn ce rkne vki{nj}aco/ ]`kvkecvk. }`k r}{makr j}}kg|} }c kp|njao aomauam{jnr

|ccvkv |kvecvgjobk co r{frkz{ko} rkne vki{nj}aco }jrhr fq j ncrr ce vkrc{vbkr }`j} ykvk {rkm co j

|vkuac{r rkne vki{nj}aco }jrhr/ Gjoa|{nj}aco b`kbhr jom bco}vcn ivc{|r ykvk {rkm }c arcnj}k j ncrr

ce vkrc{vbkr jr }`k bj{rk ecv |ccvkv |kvecvgjobk/


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]`k eavr} r}{mq }kr}km }`k `q|c}`krar }`j} kgc}aco vki{nj}aco yc{nm okij}auknq jeekb}

|kvecvgjobk co r{frkz{ko} g{rb{njv kom{vjobk }jrh ao yàb` |kvecvgjobk yjr j gj}}kv ce rkne

bco}vcn/ Eavr}. |jv}aba|jo}r fjrknaok |kvecvgjobk co j g{rb{njv kom{vjobk }jrh yjr jrrkrrkm/

]`k }jrh aoucnukm rz{kktaoi j `jomiva| kpkvbarkv. oc} jnncyaoi j fjnn ce |j|kv }`j} yjr |njbk

fk}ykko }`k `jomnkr }c ejnn. ecv jr ncoi jr |crrafnk/ Rkbcom. ao }`k kgc}aco vki{nj}aco }jrh.

|jv}aba|jo}r ykvk }cnm }c ka}`kv aobvkjrk. mkbvkjrk. cv oc} }cnm }c vki{nj}k (bco}vcn! }`kav kgc}acor

yànk yj}bàoi jo {|rk}}aoi gcuak/ Kgc}aco vki{nj}aco yjr b`crko fkbj{rk Ykiokv. Kvfkv. jom

Tjojhcr (jr ba}km ao G{vjuko k} jn/. :110! vkukjnkm }`j} kgc}aco vki{nj}aco ar keecv}e{n fq

r`cyaoi }`j} aomauam{jnr. yànk ao j mk|nk}km r}j}k. |kvecvgkm gcvk |ccvnq j} kgc}aco vki{nj}aco

y`k}`kv }`kq ykvk }cnm }c aobvkjrk cv mkbvkjrk }`kav kgc}acojn vkr|cork/ ]àvm. |jv}aba|jo}r

bcg|nk}km jo kgc}aco jom jvc{rjn gjoa|{nj}aco b`kbh/ ]`ko. |jv}aba|jo}r |kvecvgjobk co }`k

`jomiva| kpkvbarkv }jrh yjr jrrkrrkm jijao/ Njr}. j gjoa|{nj}aco b`kbh gkjr{vaoi ej}ai{k j} }`k

r}jv} ce }`k r}{mq. je}kv }`k gcuak. jom j} }`k kom ce }`k r}{mq yjr bcg|nk}km/

]`k ej}ai{k gjoa|{nj}aco b`kbh ec{om }`j} |jv}aba|jo}r ao }`k aobvkjrk jom mkbvkjrk

kgc}acojn vkr|cork ivc{|r vk|cv}km }`k rkne vki{nj}aco }jrhr jr gcvk keecv}e{n }`jo }`k bco}vcn

ivc{|/ Jnrc. vk|cv}r co keecv} ecv }`k rkne vki{nj}aco }jrh mam oc} maeekv fk}ykko }`k aobvkjrk jom

mkbvkjrk ivc{|r/ ]`k gccm gjoa|{nj}aco jom jvc{rjn b`kbh ec{om oc maeekvkobk fk}ykko }`k

}`vkk ivc{|r je}kv yj}bàoi }`k {|rk}}aoi gcuak/ ]`kvkecvk. joq maeekvkobkr fk}ykko }`k ivc{|r

ao jgc{o} ce }agk rz{kktaoi }`k `jomiva| kpkvbarkv bjooc} fk j}}vaf{}km }c jo kgc}acojn keekb}/

]`k jgc{o} ce }agk ecv rz{kktaoi }`k `jomiva| kpkvbarkv yjr bjnb{nj}km fq r{f}vjb}aoi kjb`

aomauam{jnr fjrknaok }agk evcg àr cv `kv eaojn gkjr{vkm }agk m{vj}aco/ Fc}` }`k aobvkjrk jom

mkbvkjrk ivc{|r r`cykm j raioaeabjo} mkbvkjrk ao }agk evcg }`kav fjrknaokr. yànk }`k bco}vcn

ivc{|r }agk mam oc} raioaeabjo}nq maeekv/ Jnrc. }`kvk yjr oc maeekvkobk fk}ykko }`k aobvkjrk jom


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mkbvkjrk ivc{|r }agk mkbvkjrk/ ]`kvkecvk. }`k mkbvkjrk ao |kvecvgjobk co }`k g{rb{njv

kom{vjobk }jrh yjr j}}vaf{}km }c j mkbvkjrk ao rkne vki{nj}cvq vkrc{vbkr fvc{i`} co fq koijiaoi

ao jeekb} vki{nj}aco/

R}{makr }yc jom }`vkk ec{om raganjv vkr{n}r {raoi maeekvko} rkne vki{nj}aco }jrhr/ R}{mq

}yc kpjgaokm }`k mkbvkjrkm |kvrar}kobk co j |vcfnkg rcnuaoi }jrh je}kv aomauam{jnr koijik ao j

}`c{i`} r{||vkrraco }jrh y`ko bcg|jvkm }c aomauam{jnr y`c mam oc} koijik ao j }`c{i`}

r{||vkrraco }jrh/ \jv}aba|jo}r ykvk }cnm }c yva}k jnn }`kav cbb{vvaoi }`c{i`}r co j |akbk ce |j|kv/

\jv}aba|jo}r ao }`k eavr} bco}vcn bcoma}aco. kp|vkrr }`c{i`} bcoma}aco. ykvk }cnm }c }àoh jfc{} j

yà}k fkjv jr g{b` jr }`kq bc{nm. jom |jv}aba|jo}r ao }`k rkbcom bco}vcn bcoma}aco. }`k oc

}`c{i`} bco}vcn bcoma}aco. ykvk oc} iauko joq aor}v{b}acor co y`j} }c }àoh jfc{}/ ]`k

kp|kvagko}jn ivc{|. r{||vkrr }`c{i`}r bcoma}aco. yjr }cnm }c oc} }àoh jfc{} j yà}k fkjv jr

g{b` jr |crrafnk/ Je}kv rap gao{}kr ce yva}aoi. |jv}aba|jo}r ykvk iauko j nar} ce jojivjgr }c

rcnuk jom ykvk aor}v{b}km }`j} a} yjr oc} j }kr} jom }`j} }`kq r`c{nm ycvh co }`kg jr ncoi jr }`kq

yjo}km jom }c vaoi j fknn y`ko }`kq yjo}km }c r}c|/ ]`k r{||vkrr }`c{i`}r bcoma}aco |kvrar}km

ecv j raioaeabjo}nq r`cv}kv }agk co }`k jojivjg }jrh }`jo |jv}aba|jo}r ao ka}`kv ce }`k }yc bco}vcn

bcoma}acor/ ]`k mkbvkjrkm |kvrar}kobk yjr j}}vaf{}km }c j mkbvkjrk ao rkne vki{nj}cvq vkrc{vbkr

fvc{i`} co fq }`k keecv}e{n }jrh ce r{||vkrraoi cokr }`c{i`}r/

R}{mq }`vkk kpjgaokm `cy |jv}aba|jo}r y`c eavr} koijikm ao j }`c{i`} r{||vkrraco }jrh.

y`ko bcg|jvkm }c |jv}aba|jo}r y`c mam oc}. |kvecvgkm |ccvkv co j r{frkz{ko} kgc}aco

vki{nj}aco }jrh/ \jv}aba|jo}r ykvk eavr} rk|jvj}km ao}c j }`c{i`} r{||vkrraco ivc{| jom j gj}`

|vcfnkg ivc{|/ ]`crk ao }`k }`c{i`} r{||vkrraco ivc{| gagabhkm }`k }jrh iauko }c }`k r{||vkrr

}`c{i`} bcoma}aco ao r}{mq }yc. jom }`crk ao }`k gj}` |vcfnkg ivc{| bcg|nk}km eauk gao{}kr

ycv}` ce g{n}a|nabj}aco |vcfnkgr (k/i/ 2;=p956. 96=p06=. k}b/!/ ]`krk }yc }jrhr ykvk |vk}kr}km


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jom vkr{n}km ao raganjv maeeab{n}q8 `cykukv }`k r{||vkrraoi }`c{i`}r jfc{} j y`a}k fkjv }jrh yjr

|vkr{gkm }c vkz{avk gcvk rkne vki{nj}aco vkrc{vbkr/ ]`kvkecvk. }`k gj}` |vcfnkg ivc{| jb}km jr

}`k bco}vcn/ ]`ko. jnn |jv}aba|jo}r yj}b`km jo :0 gao{}k `{gcvc{r uamkc }j|k jom ykvk

aor}v{b}km }c oc} vkjb} }c }`k uamkc ao joq yjq jom r|kbaeabjnnq }c oc} rgank cv nj{i`/ M{vaoi }`ar

}agk. |jv}aba|jo}r ykvk uamkc}j|km rc }`j} vj}kvr bc{nm gkjr{vk }`k |kvecvgjobk ce kgc}aco

vki{nj}aco/ Vkr{n}r r`cykm }`j} |jv}aba|jo}r ao }`k }`c{i`} r{||vkrraco ivc{| rgankm. nj{i`km.

jom r`cykm jo cukvjnn jg{rkgko} raioaeabjo}nq gcvk }`jo |jv}aba|jo}r ao }`k gj}` |vcfnkg

ivc{|/ Gccm jom ev{r}vj}aco mam oc} maeekv fk}ykko }`k ivc{|r. jom }`k ao}kv'vj}kv vknajfana}q ecv

}`crk vj}aoi }`k uamkc}j|kr yjr iccm (/9:!/

Jnn }`krk r}{makr r{||cv} }`k r}vkoi}` gcmkn ce rkne vki{nj}aco jom }`k kpar}kobk ce rcgk

haom ce eaoa}k bcioa}auk vkrc{vbk }`j} ar {rkm ecv rkne vki{nj}aco/ C}`kv kp|kvagko}r bcom{b}km fq

Dcf. Mykbh jom Yjn}co (6ce rkne vki{nj}aco/ Dcf k} jn/ (6mk|nk}aco }jhkr |njbk cv oc} fk}ykko }yc rkne vki{nj}aco }jrhr/ Rb`gkab`kn jom Uc`r (6


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V{ooaoi `kjm4 R\KOMAOI AG\[NRAUA]Q :

Spending Impulsivity

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