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Speech Techniques1) Audience's problem.2) Triggering/Thoughtful quote3) Once upon a time/ Stor of !mpact/self"interest in #ife

Don't rush when speaking. Talk deliberately, but not so slow that you are a robot.http://www.douglaskruger.com/?p=425

1$ S%&&( ST*T*&S+

1. Opening, body, conclusion:

This is the simplest possible structure, taught at school le-el. !ts still taught because it sti ll or0s. ut if oure feeling e-en a tin bit artistic, e can

do better.

2. Tell them what you’re going to tell them – then tell them – then tell them what you’ve told them:

 A -ariation on the first structure. *se this one for absolute clarit in our message. Again, clun0, but enough to get the ob done.

3. metaphor and sub!points:

This is a -er poerful structure and one used idel b professional spea0ers. As a simple eample, ! ha-e a 0enote called 4ig um Thin0ing. !t

as0s, 56o ou blame the eans, or do ou hold ourself accountable for the si7e of the bum89 ! then etend this humorous metaphor into a

presentation on -ictimhood.

". #a$e a point, tell a story% ma$e another point, tell another story:

:er simple, but -er effecti-e. 6eli-er our idea, then tell a stor to bac0 it up. 6eli-er our net idea, bac0 i t up ith another stor.

&. 'oint, (tory, pplication:

%oint, Stor, Application. A -ariation on the structure abo-e, this comprehensi-e approach ill or0 in almost an presenting scenario. ! highlrecommend it. ;ou can also sha0e it up b changing the order. Open ith the Stor that leads up to the %oint, then pro-ide the Application.

). 'roblem!(olution:

6o ou need to be persuasi-e8 Then here is our tool. 6ont begin b sel ling our idea. egin b emotionalising the problem. Once the are

intellectuall and emotionall in-ested in the seriousness of the problem, relie-e the tension b suppling our anser. This is a structure that or0s

ell in conunction ith ust about an other structure listed here.

*. cronym:

5All right, team. To carr out this proect, ell be using the S

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11. (tart and end with the same idea:

This is generall a good formula and shos polish. ;ou began b tal0ing about an impo-erished compan, struggling to sur-i-e. &nd our speech

b referring bac0 to it. ircular stortelling is immensel appealing.

12. 0onstantly repeat a memorable phrase until it becomes a theme:

*seful for persuasi-e spea0ing and rall"scenarios. This classic 4rah"rah> technique allos ou to build emotional momentum around a catch

phrase. !ts also useful for hammering home a simple but important point.

13. 0o!present with another person, acting out a conversation:

 A ord of caution+ This approach requires s0ill and rehearsal, not to mention a certain natural chemistr beteen the to presenters. ?hen it

doesnt or0, it loo0s afull amateurish. @e-ertheless, it is an option.

1". repetitive versus ,’ structure:

This particular structure is highl effecti-e. !t is also -er compatible ith other structures. &ssentiall, it goes, 5Amateurs do this, but eperts do that=

amateurs do this, but eperts do that 9

The bac0 and forth rhthm beteen to opposing qualities or ideas is intellectuall attracti-e, and helps to dra -er clear delineations beteen

ho to, and ho not to. An presentation in hich ou hope to change audience beha-iours from an undesirable to a desirable ill benefit from this

structure.

1&. se a loose outline, then co!create with your audience:

Onl for eperts and onl for the bra-e. !ntroduce our topic, then thro it open to the audience, as0ing them hat thed particularl li0e to hear

about. This structure is incredibl agile, alloing ou to meet the eact needs of our audience. ut its frightening in that ou ont 0no in ad-ance

hat those needs are.

1). The 45pert 'ositioning’ model

This one is the basis of all Thought #eadership, and it or0s equall ell in speeches, media inter-ies and ritten articles+

" Tell them hat things the should be paing attention to no and h

" Tell them hat those trends mean in their industr= pitfalls and opportunities

" Tell them hat things ill or0 going forard

" Tell them ho things ill turn out

And all of this has the underling message+ 4Bollo me

Opening

The first thirt seconds of our speech are probabl the most important. !n that period of time ou must grab the attention of the

audience, and engage their interest in hat ou ha-e to sa in our speech. This can be achie-ed in se-eral as. Bor eample

ou could raise a thought"pro-o0ing question, ma0e an interesting or contro-ersial statement, recite a rele-ant quotation or e-en

recount a o0e. Once ou ha-e on the attention of the audience, our speech should mo-e seamlessl to the middle of our

speech.

ody

The bod of our speech ill alas be the largest part of our speech. At this point our audience ill ha-e been introduced to ou

and the subect of our speech Cas set out in our opening) and ill hopefull be read to hear our arguments, our thoughts or

e-en our ramblings on the subect of our speech.

The best a to set out the bod of our speech is b formulating a series of points that ou ould li0e to raise. !n the contet of

our speech, a DpointD could be a statement about a product, a o0e about the bridegroom or a fond memor of the subect of a

eulog.

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The points should be organi7ed so that related points follo one another so that each point builds upon the pre-ious one. This ill

also gi-e our speech a more logical progression, and ma0e the ob of the listener a far easier one.

6on't tr to o-erhelm our audience ith countless points. !t is better to ma0e a small number of points ell than to ha-e too man

points, none of hich are made satisfactoril.

0losing

#i0e our Opening, the losing of our speech must contain some of our strongest material. ;ou should -ie the closing of ourspeech as an opportunit. !t is an opportunit to+

•  E Summari7e the main points of our speech

•  E %ro-ide some further food for thought for our listeners

•  E #ea-e our audience ith positi-e memories of our speech

•  E &nd ith a final thought/emotion Ce.g. ?ith ell ishes to the ride and Froom, ?ith fond memories of a departed

friend, ?ith admiration for inners and losers at an aards ceremon).

BASIC SPEECH STRUCTURE

INTRODUCTION

• Goals: Get the attention and interest of your audience, set the tone, reeal the topic,esta!lish credi!ility and good will, and preiew the speech.

Attention-getters

• narratie

• humor

• "uotation

• rhetorical "uestion

• startling statement

• arouse curiosity

• reference to audience, occasion, or current eents, preious speech

• presentation aids #isual/audio$

Need

• %reate desire on the part of the audience to listen. &nswer the "uestions: '(hy should )care?* and '+ow does this topic relate to me?*

• how the scope of the issue, the degree of importance, and the rami-cations.

Reveal the topic and your interest or point of view.

sta!lish credi!ility and good will with the audience.

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"review the !ody of the speech.

#OD$

%&ignposts throughout speech'

(ain points %)-*'

• %hoose your organiational pattern !ased on the topic and your approach.

• tate your main ideas as complete sentences and a single idea.

• arallel the main ideas grammatically if possi!le.

•  0our audience should !e a!le to recognie and remem!er your main points.

Types of organi+ation patterns

•

chronological

• spatial

• topical

• causal #!oth informatie and persuasie

• logical reasons

• pro!lem/solution

• pro!lem/cause/solution

• comparatie adantages

• 1onroes motiated se"uence

• refutation

&upport

Use a variety of support ( facts/statistics, testimony, examples), picked for your particular audience.

Make sure each point is developed completely before going on to the next.

If needed, summarize the point before making a transition to the next point.

Docu,ent your sources to add credibility. Use recent, credible sources and cite them in your speech hen necessary.

actors of attention understanding and re,e,!ering need to be used.

• humor

• releance

• intensity

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• repetition

• noelty

• compare/contrast

• isuals

• narraties

• e3amples

CONC/U&ION

&u,,ari+e

Close with i,pact

• "uotation

• narratie

• appeal to action

• return to opening theme