Speech Sounds What speech sounds do humans make and how do we make them? Kuiper and Allan Chapter 4.

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Speech Sounds What speech sounds do humans make and how do we make them? Kuiper and Allan Chapter 4

description

Sounds and spelling Written English is represented by graphic symbols called letters. Spoken English comes out of our mouths as sound. English spelling does not accurately represent English sounds. –English spelling was standardised a long time ago.

Transcript of Speech Sounds What speech sounds do humans make and how do we make them? Kuiper and Allan Chapter 4.

Page 1: Speech Sounds What speech sounds do humans make and how do we make them? Kuiper and Allan Chapter 4.

Speech Sounds

What speech sounds do humans make and how do we make them?

Kuiper and Allan Chapter 4

Page 2: Speech Sounds What speech sounds do humans make and how do we make them? Kuiper and Allan Chapter 4.

Phonetics

• the study of– production – perception– analysis of speech sounds

Page 3: Speech Sounds What speech sounds do humans make and how do we make them? Kuiper and Allan Chapter 4.

Sounds and spelling

• Written English is represented by graphic symbols called letters.

• Spoken English comes out of our mouths as sound.

• English spelling does not accurately represent English sounds.– English spelling was standardised a

long time ago.

Page 4: Speech Sounds What speech sounds do humans make and how do we make them? Kuiper and Allan Chapter 4.

Exercise

How many sounds are there in the following words?– (a) fill– (b) feel– (c) tree– (d) bitter– (e) thesis– (f) sing– (g) drunk – (h) single

Page 5: Speech Sounds What speech sounds do humans make and how do we make them? Kuiper and Allan Chapter 4.

Exercise

How many different ways can you find to spell the sound represented by the ee of keep?How many different pronunciations can you find for the spelling ...ough?

Page 6: Speech Sounds What speech sounds do humans make and how do we make them? Kuiper and Allan Chapter 4.

Exercise

What silent letter can you find in the words sword, knight, mortgage, doubt, align, would, psychology, honest, who?What ‘extra’ sound can you find in the pronunciation of the words use, cute, and one?

Page 7: Speech Sounds What speech sounds do humans make and how do we make them? Kuiper and Allan Chapter 4.

Conclusions

• Speech is heard as sequences of sound segments.

• Spelling does not accurately represent the sequences of sound we hear.

• We need a system of symbols for representing the sounds we hear if we are to study speech sounds.

Page 8: Speech Sounds What speech sounds do humans make and how do we make them? Kuiper and Allan Chapter 4.

The IPA

• The International Phonetic Alphabet– aims to provide symbols for every

speech sound used in all languages.• No language uses all of the sounds

which the IPA can represent.• We will look at the symbols which

are useful for English.