Spectrum Toolbox Survey

Marcin Dryjański, Grandmetric Ltd.

Michał Szydełko, Movilo Ltd.

CROWNCOM 2016, Grenoble, France

Evolution Towards 5G

grandmetric.com

Marcin DryjańskiManaging Consultant – MobileGrandmetric Ltd.

Marcin Dryjanski received his M.Sc. degree in telecommunications from thePoznan University of Technology in Poland in June 2008.

During the past 8 years, Marcin has served as R&D Engineer, Lead Researcher,R&D Consultant, Technical Trainer and Technical Leader.

He has been providing expert level courses in the area of LTE/LTE-Advanced forleading mobile operators and vendors. Marcin provides consulting services tobusiness projects in the area of 5G related topics.

Marcin was a work-package leader in EU-funded research projects aiming atradio interface design for 5G including FP-7 5GNOW and FP-7 SOLDER. He co-authored a number of research papers targeting 5G radio interface design.

Marcin is the co-founder of Grandmetric Ltd., responsible for mobile/wirelessconsulting.

Michał SzydełkoConsultant and FounderMovilo Ltd.

Michał Szydełko received his M.S. degree in Mobile Telecommunication from theWroclaw University of Technology in 2005.

He was involved in 3GPP standardization in RAN4 as Nokia Siemens Networks delegate,taking responsibility of BS demodulation requirements for WCDMA and LTE/LTE-A.

Michal was a work-package leader in EU-funded FP-7 research projects SAPHYRE, whichaimed at novel spectrum and infrastructure sharing schemes for mobile networks. He(co)-authored several research papers on spectrum sharing and 5G requirements.

Currently he is actively supporting the 3GPP standardization process of the ActiveAntennas Systems (AAS) work in Rel-13/14, as well as NR studies.

Michal is the founder of Movilo Ltd., covering mobile R&D and 3GPP standardizationconsulting.

Authors

grandmetric.com

• Introduction

• Spectrum Toolbox

• Evolution of Building Blocks

• Summary

Outline

grandmetric.com

FDD+TDDCA

DC LWA

CarrierWi-Fi

FlexibleTDD

LAA

Relaying

D2D

Spectrum:

Licensed FDDLicensed TDDUnlicensed

Introduction

Need for morecapacity

• Unlicensed spectrum usage• New spectrum bands• Novel spectrum sharing methods• New spectrum access methods

Heterogeneous Network

grandmetric.com

3GPP system evolution

Spectrum Toolbox

Spectrum Toolbox Definition

Frequency bandsSpectrum

aggregationSpectrum licensing

and sharing schemesDuplexing schemes Spectrum refarming

LTERel-8, 9

LTE-AdvancedRel-10, 11, 12

LTE-Advanced ProRel-13, 14, …

”5G”Phase I: Rel-15Phase II: Rel-16

grandmetric.com

Frequency Bands Evolution

0.8 0.9 1.8-1.9 2.1 2.3-2.4 2.5-2.6LTE

f[GHz]

LTE-Af[GHz]1.50.45 3.4-3.80.8 0.9 2.1 2.3-2.4 2.5-2.60.7

LTE-APro f[GHz]1.50.45 3.4-3.80.8 0.9 2.1 2.3-2.4 2.5-2.60.7 5-6

”5G”f[GHz]1.50.45 3.4-3.80.8 0.9 2.1 2.3-2.4 2.5-2.60.7 5-6 mmWave:

25GHz-86GHz*

1.8-1.9

1.8-1.9

1.8-1.9

* To be studied for WRC-19

grandmetric.com

E-UTRA Frequency Bands (Current Allocation Chart)

Spectrum Aggregation

LTE

freqDL UL

1.4-20MHz LTE-A1.4-20MHz

DL UL

CC1.4-20MHz

CC1.4-20MHz

• 1 carrier• Symmetric DL/UL • Multiple CC (up to 5)

• Legacy carrier structure• Possible asymmetric DL/UL• Intra/inter band

Single Carrier – flexible BW Carrier Aggregation Dual Connectivity

DL UL

freq

freq

DL UL freq

LTE-APro

DL ULfreq

… …

Massive CAUnlicensed spectrum

usage• Up to 32 CC• SDL

• LTE-WiFi tight aggregation• Unlicensed LTE

”5G” Non-backwardscompatible carrier

Multi-connectivity

• Unified frame structure• Lean carrier• Aggregation of sub-6GHz and mmW

freq

• Multiple concurent connection• Make-before-break• No-cell

• Suitable for non-ideal backhaul

grandmetric.com

Duplexing Schemes

LTE

freqDL UL

FDD

LTE-A

LTE-APro

”5G”

freqDL or UL(static ratio)

TDD

OR

DL UL

AND

DL/UL

TDD CC

freq

FDD CC

freqDL or UL(dynamic ratio – eIMTA)

TDD

freqDL UL(DL)

FDD flexible duplex

freqDL and UL

Full duplex

grandmetric.com

Spectrum Licensing and Sharing Schemes

LTE

LTE-A

LTE-APro

”5G”

freq

Unlicensedfreq

Licensed

MNOMNO – RAN rules(Traffic steering) Any user

freq

UnlicensedLicensed

MNO – LWA, LAA Any user

freqLicensed Shared

Spectrum owner(LSA)

Licensee(semi-static)

UnlicensedLicensed Any user

freqLicensed Shared

Licensee(dynamic)

MNO – LWA, LAA; LSA

MNO

MNO - RSE

MNO - RSE

freqUnlicensed

freqLicensed

MNOMNO – Carrier WiFi

(ANDSF) Any userMNO

grandmetric.com

freq

LTE GSM

Spectrum Refarming

LTE and LTE-A

freq

LTE GSM LTE

License expiry

LTE-A Pro

Static refarming

Multi-RAT Joint Coordination

freq

LTE

freq

LTE GSMLTE

freq

LTE GSMLTE

freq

LTE GSM

Assignmentdecision

Usage/ load

Assignmentchange

”5G”Cognitive radio

freq

Secondary Primary

freq

SensingUsage

decision

Fixed BW deployment after license expiry

Semi-dynamic spectrum accessCentral coordinator decides on usage based on long term stats

Fully dynamic/opportunistic accessFully autonomous decisions

grandmetric.com

3GPP Release

Toolbox Element

LTE:Rel-8, 9

LTE-Advanced:Rel-10, 11, 12

LTE-Advanced Pro:Rel-13,14

5G Phase I: Rel-155G Phase II: Rel-16

Frequency bands [GHz]

0.7, 0.8, 1.8, 2.1, 2.3-2.4,

2.5-2.6GHz

0.45 (Brazil),Digital Dividend, 1.5, 3.4-3.8GHz

5GHz ISM;WRC-15 bands

New bands below 6GHz for 5G RAT;

mmW: 6-100GHz;WRC-15/19 bands

Spectrum aggregation

Single Carrier (1.4-20MHz),

symmetric DL/UL

Dual Connectivity,CA variants:

-up to 5CC, FDD and/or TDD-intra-/ inter-band, (non)-continuous,

-Co-located, RRH-asymmetric DL/UL

Massive CA (32CC), LAA (5GHz), LWA, eLWA, SDL for

CA:2.3-2.4GHz

Multi-Connectivity with asymmetric DL/UL,

SDL for CA:700MHz,

2.5-2.6GHz,Lean carrier

Spectrum licensing schemes

Licensed spectrum only

Licensed, Carrier Wi-Fi Licensed, Unlicensed, DL LAA, LWA, LSA, eLWA

Co-existence of: exclusive licensed, shared license-exempt

spectrum, enhanced LAA (DL+UL)

Duplexing schemes

Separate FDD, TDD FDD and TDD (CA-based), eIMTA

FDD Flexible Duplex Full Duplex,New DL-only TDD configurations

Sharing schemes (network, spectrum)

Static schemes (MOCN, MORAN)

Static schemes (MOCN, MORAN) RSE, LSA LSA (new bands), SC sharing, SCaaS, spectrum trading, Cognitive Radio (CR)

Spectrum refarming

Static Static Dynamic, DSA, MRAT Joint Coordination

Fully dynamic, opportunistic, CR

Spectrum Toolbox Summary

grandmetric.com

Summary

• Complex multi-RAT system Unified RRM required.

Native incorporation of SON - to manage network towards unified user experience across multiple converged RATs.

• For efficient usage of novel spectrum licensing schemes (e.g. LSA) and network topologies (e.g. UDN) Radio resources coordination needed on multiple levels: inter-MNO, inter-band, inter-RAT, inter-layer, inter-site.

• For fully dynamic spectrum access utilization High level flexibility in RF domain needed.

High level of programmability relying on SDN/SDR to enable fully dynamic spectrum access.

grandmetric.com

Thank You!

blog.grandmetric.com

Marcin DryjańskiManaging Consultant – Mobilemarcin.dryjanski@grandmetric.com

grandmetric.com

Find more…

grandmetric.com