Specialty Group Sponsors: Coastal and Marine Geography Geographic Information Science and Systems
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Transcript of Specialty Group Sponsors: Coastal and Marine Geography Geographic Information Science and Systems
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Specialty Group Sponsors:Coastal and Marine Geography
Geographic Information Science and Systems
Marine/Coastal GIS and
Acoustic Remote Sensing
AAG Annual Meeting, Denver
April 8, 2005
Photo by
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D.J. Wright, E. Lundblad*, E. Larkin^, R. Rinehart, Dept. of Geosciences, Oregon State University
J. MurphyNOAA Coastal Services Center
Benthic Terrain Modeling Algorithms
and Web Distribution
AAG Annual Meeting, Denver
April 8, 2005Photo by
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National Marine Sanctuaries
Map courtesy of NOAA National Marine Sanctuary System
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Maps courtesy of National Park of American Samoa
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Artwork by Jayne Doucette, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
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By former OrSt grad student Emily Larkin
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FBNMS: Some Major Issues• Natural & human impacts
– Crown-of-thorns invasion, hurricanes, bleaching– Illegal fishing, sewage outfall
Photos courtesy of NOAA National Marine Sanctuary System
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FBNMS cont. & Research ??s• Prior to 2001…
– Sanctuary largely unexplored below depths of ~30-60 m
– no comprehensive documentation of the plants, animals, and submarine topography.
• Little is known of tropical “twilight zone” – shelf-edge (50-120 m deep) of coral reef habitats
throughout the world
• Best combo of terrain analysis techniques?• Extension of satellite-based scheme
– What is viable classification acoustically?
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OrSt & USFMultibeam Surveys to date
By OrSt grad student Emily Lundblad
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Shallow Multibeam(May 2001, November 2002)
• Kongsberg-Simrad EM-3000• Fans out 121 beams at 130 deg.• Swaths 3-4 times water depth• Depths in 3-150 m range at survey
speeds of 3-12 knots• cm-resolution w/ dGPS
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By OrSt grad student Emily Larkin
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Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary, 2001 bathy
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Bathymetric Position Index(from TPI, Jones et al., 2000; Weiss, 2001; Iampietro & Kvitekk, 2002)
Measure of where a point is in the overall land- or “seascape”Compares elevation of cell to mean elevation of neighborhood
(after Weiss 2001)
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Algorithm compares each cell’s elevation to the mean elevation of the surrounding cells in an annulus or ring.
bpi<scalefactor> = int((bathy - focalmean(bathy, annulus, irad, orad)) + .5)
Bathymetric Position Index
-3m-
|---2---| |---------4-------|
resolution = 3 m
irad = 2 cells (6 m)
orad = 4 cells (12 m)
scalefactor = resolution * orad = 36 m
• Negative bpi = depression
• Positive bpi = crest
• Zero bpi = constant slope or flat
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BPI Zone and
Structure
Classification
Flowchart
Emily Lundblad, OrSt M.S. Thesis
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Emily Lundblad, OrSt M.S. Thesis
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Fish Abundance & BPI
Courtesy of Pat Iampietro, CSU-MB, ESRI UC 2003
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Benthic Habitat Pilot Areas, DMWR
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2005 HURL Sub & ROV surveys
Ka‘imikai-o-Kanaloa Pisces IV or V
RCV-150
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Rugosity• Measure of how rough or bumpy a surface is, how convoluted and complex• Ratio of surface area to planar area
Graphics courtesy of Jeff Jenness, Jenness Enterprises, and Pat Iampietro, CSU-MB
Surface area based onelevations of 8 neighbors
3D view of grid on the left Center pts of 9 cells connectedTo make 8 triangles
Portions of 8 triangles overlapping center cellused for surface area
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Emily Lundblad, OrSt M.S. Thesis
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Link toSamoanversion of site
Zoom tostudy area
Links to help, data download and info pages
Active tool display
OverviewMap
American Samoa Benthic Terrain American Samoa Benthic Terrain ViewerViewerscallywag.science.oregonstate.edu/website/AmSamoa/viewer.htm… or via dusk.geo.orst.edu/djl/samoa
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http://dusk.geo.orst.edu/djl/samoa
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Samoan Collaborations & Products
• OSU, NOAA & AS GIS User Group
– Benthic classifications for benthic habitat/MPAs– American Samoa Benthic Terrain Viewer– AS Marine/Coastal Bibliographic Tool– On-island workshops in September 2004– Benthic Terrain Modeler (ArcGIS 8.x/9.x tool)– 3D Visualizations and movies in Fledermaus
• Other work– NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Division Mapping – Duke U. Coral reef ecosystem studies
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For more information …dusk.geo.orst.edu/djl/samoa
Image courtesy of FBNMS
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Structure Classification Decision Tree
Emily Lundblad, OrSt M.S. Thesis