Special Supplement · 5 kamber shahdadkot 145,030 6 khairpur 927,953 7 larkana 300,000 8 mirpurkhas...

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Special Supplement This weekly Epidemiological Bulletin is published jointly by the National Institute of Health, Islamabad and World Health Organization (WHO), Pakistan . For Correspondence: NIH: [email protected]; WHO: Tel : +92-051-9255184-5, Fax : +92-051-9255083, E-mail: [email protected]. Highlights Disease early warning system and response in Sindh 01 Issue 2 Wk-35 , Wednesday 07 September, 2011 Table1: Total number of alerts and outbreaks reported and investigated with appropriate response Disease Post Flood 2010 2011 (up till wk 34) Total A O A O A O A O Acute Watery Diarrhoea 58 19 307 110 9 2 374 131 Bloody Diarrhoea 11 11 Measles 23 6 512 56 2 537 62 Pertussis 1 98 16 99 16 Malaria 2 1 16 3 2 1 20 5 Leishmaniasis 1 5 6 Others 14 2 143 9 1 158 11 Total 118 32 1226 195 23 5 1367 233 Current Week (35) Acute Jaundice Syndrome 2 1 2 1 NNT + Tetanus 4 109 6 119 Dengue Fever 15 4 23 3 2 41 7 Between 26 August - 1 September 2011 (epidemiological week no. 35), a total of 23 alerts reported and responded from province Sindh. Out of total 23 alerts Nine were for AWD; Six for Neonatal Tetanus; Three for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever; Two each were for Measles and suspected malaria; While one for Acute diarrhoea. Sporadic cases of dengue fever have been reported from Karachi, Badin and Khairpur districts in Sindh, and WHONIH is collaborating with experts from all the provinces to draft a new national guideline for Clinical Case Management of Dengue Fever (DF), Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS). WHO estimates about 2/5 of the world’s population is at risk for DF with about 50 million dengue infections worldwide every year and about 500,000 (1%) hospitalized for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). In Pakistan in 2010, a total of 15,901 suspected cases and 11,024 confirmed cases of Dengue with 40 deaths were reported in all Pakistan, which was more than all the cases reported from the previous five years together. Control of mosquitoes is the only prevention strategy and community awareness to remove the mosquito breeding sites in the homes is the first line of action. All standing water in pots, trays, tubs, buckets, coolers, patios, puddles, and any debris around the house should be completely emptied and dried on daily basis or tight cover applied. Mosquito repellents, mosquito coils and other means should be used to prevent mosquito bites. Four different dengue viruses, spread by the bite of the Aedes mosquito, can cause the fever, headache and bodyaches typical of DF. When DF cases are infected another year with a different dengue virus, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) may ensue. If a patient has DF, fluids, rest, sponging with tepid water, and paracetamol (up to 4 doses in 24 hours) are recommended. Aspirin, Brufen, Ponstan and similar meds should not be used as they increase the bleeding tendency. Rise in temperature may continue for two to seven days, and DF patients must be carefully observed for warning signs during that time and for two days after recovery from fever. Patient should be taken to the hospital if the following warning signs are observed: severe abdominal pain, difficulty breathing, bleeding into the skin or from the nose or gums, passage of black stools, vomiting blood, disorientation, and cold skin. At the hospital, isolation ward is not required but patient should be kept in mosquitofree area and fluid status carefully monitored with regular blood testing as recommended by national guidelines. Focus on: Dengue Fever, September 2011 S.NO NAME OF DISTRICTS POPULATION AFFECTED 1 BADIN 1,021,301 2 DADU 12,093 3 GHOTKI 30,000 4 JAMSHORO 5,850 5 KAMBER SHAHDADKOT 145,030 6 KHAIRPUR 927,953 7 LARKANA 300,000 8 MIRPURKHAS 384,423 9 NAUSHEHRO FEROZE 9,099 10 SANGHAR 68,136 11 SHAHEED BENAZIRABAD 9,000,000 12 TANDO ALLAHYAR 159,870 13 TANO MUHAMMAD KHAN 267,368 14 THARPARKAR 127,454 15 THATTA 108,638 16 UMERKOT 180,851 12,748,066 TOTAL Rain/Flood affected districts in Sindh

Transcript of Special Supplement · 5 kamber shahdadkot 145,030 6 khairpur 927,953 7 larkana 300,000 8 mirpurkhas...

Page 1: Special Supplement · 5 kamber shahdadkot 145,030 6 khairpur 927,953 7 larkana 300,000 8 mirpurkhas 384,423 9 naushehro feroze 9,099 10 sanghar 68,136 11 shaheed benazirabad 9,000,000

Special Supplement

This weekly Epidemiological Bulletin is published jointly by the National Institute of Health, Islamabad and World Health Organization (WHO), Pakistan . For Correspondence: NIH: [email protected]; WHO: Tel : +92-051-9255184-5, Fax : +92-051-9255083, E-mail: [email protected].

Highlights

Disease early warning system and response in Sindh

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Issue 2 Wk-35 , Wednesday 07 September, 2011

Table‐1: Total number of alerts and outbreaks reported and investigated with appropriate response

Disease Post Flood 2010   2011 (up till wk 34)  Total  

A  O  A  O  A  O  A  O 

 Acute Watery                         Diarrhoea 

58  19  307  110  9  2  374  131 

 Bloody Diarrhoea  ‐  ‐  11  ‐  ‐  ‐  11  ‐ 

 Measles  23  6  512  56  2  ‐  537  62 

 Pertussis  1  ‐  98  16  ‐  ‐  99  16 

 Malaria  2  1  16  3  2  1  20  5 

 Leishmaniasis  1  ‐  5  ‐  ‐  ‐  6  ‐ 

 Others    14  2  143  9  1  ‐  158  11 

 Total  118  32  1226  195  23  5  1367  233 

Current Week (35) 

 Acute Jaundice Syndrome 

‐  ‐  2  1  ‐  ‐  2  1 

 NNT + Tetanus  4  ‐  109  ‐  6  ‐  119  ‐ 

 Dengue Fever  15  4  23  ‐  3  2  41  7 

• Between 26 August - 1 September 2011 (epidemiological week no. 35), a total of 23 alerts reported and responded from province Sindh.

• Out of total 23 alerts Nine were for AWD; Six for Neonatal Tetanus; Three for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever; Two each were for Measles and suspected malaria; While one for Acute diarrhoea.

Sporadic cases of dengue fever have been reported from Karachi, Badin and Khairpur districts in Sindh, and WHO‐NIH is collaborating with experts from all the provinces to draft a new national guideline for Clinical Case Management of Dengue Fever (DF), Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS).   

WHO estimates about 2/5 of the world’s population is at risk for DF with about 50 million dengue infections world‐wide every year and about 500,000 (1%) hospitalized for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF).  In Pakistan in 2010, a total of 15,901 suspected cases and 11,024 confirmed cases of Dengue with 40 deaths were reported in all Pakistan, which was more than all the cases reported from the previous five years together.  

Control of mosquitoes is the only prevention strategy and community awareness to remove the mosquito breeding sites in the homes is the first line of action.  All standing water in pots, trays, tubs, buckets, coolers, patios, puddles, and any debris around the house should be com‐pletely emptied and dried on daily basis or tight cover applied. Mosquito repellents, mosquito coils and other means should be used to pre‐vent mosquito bites.  

Four different dengue viruses, spread by the bite of the Aedes mosquito, can cause the fever, headache and body‐aches typical of DF.  When DF cases are infected another year with a different dengue virus, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) may ensue.  

If a patient has DF, fluids, rest, sponging with tepid water, and paracetamol (up to 4 doses in 24 hours) are recommended. Aspirin, Brufen, Ponstan and similar meds should not be used as they increase the bleeding tendency.  Rise in temperature may continue for two to seven days, and DF patients must be carefully observed for warning signs during that time and for two days after recovery from fever.  Patient should be taken to the hospital if the following warning signs are observed: severe abdominal pain, difficulty breathing, bleeding into the skin or from the nose or gums, passage of black stools, vomiting blood, disorientation, and cold skin.  

At the hospital, isolation ward is not required but patient should be kept in mosquito‐free area and fluid status carefully monitored with regular blood testing as recommended by national guidelines.  

Focus on: Dengue Fever, September 2011 

S.NO  NAME OF DISTRICTS  POPULATION AFFECTED 

1  BADIN  1,021,301 

2  DADU  12,093 

3  GHOTKI  30,000 

4  JAMSHORO  5,850 

5  KAMBER SHAHDADKOT  145,030 

6  KHAIRPUR  927,953 

7  LARKANA  300,000 

8  MIRPURKHAS  384,423 

9  NAUSHEHRO FEROZE  9,099 

10  SANGHAR  68,136 

11  SHAHEED BENAZIRABAD  9,000,000 

12  TANDO ALLAHYAR  159,870 

13  TANO MUHAMMAD KHAN 

267,368 

14  THARPARKAR  127,454 

15  THATTA  108,638 

16  UMERKOT  180,851 

12,748,066   TOTAL 

Rain/Flood affected districts in Sindh

Page 2: Special Supplement · 5 kamber shahdadkot 145,030 6 khairpur 927,953 7 larkana 300,000 8 mirpurkhas 384,423 9 naushehro feroze 9,099 10 sanghar 68,136 11 shaheed benazirabad 9,000,000

Special Supplement: DEWS, Sindh, Week no. 35 (26 August to 1 September, 2011)

This weekly Epidemiological Bulletin is published jointly by the National Institute of Health, Islamabad and World Health Organization (WHO), Pakistan . For Correspondence: NIH: [email protected]; WHO: Tel : +92-051-9255184-5, Fax : +92-051-9255083, E-mail: [email protected]. 02

Current week's Outbreaks: Date Disease Province District Area <5M >5M <5F >5F Action Taken

26‐Aug  AWD  Sindh  Hyderabad Heerabad, Dau‐latabad, near Ibrahim Khalilullah 

1  0  0  0 Alert for AWD, Reinforced case management, Active surveillance done, Aqua tabs, ORS and Jerry cans provided Health education, EDO‐H informed 1 case, Sample sent to NIH was found positive for V.c.Ogawa, 1 water Sample also taken. 

26‐Aug  AWD  Sindh  S. Benazirabad Village Wali Mu‐hammad  Mirasi, UC Sun 

1  0  1  0 Alert for AWD, Reinforced case management, active surveillance done, 2 stool sample collected both found positive for V.c.Ogawa. Field investigation and response under‐

28‐Aug  DHF  Sindh  Khairpur Gambat City UC & Taluka Gambat  0  1  0  0 

Alert for DHF responded, Patient was advised to restrict frequent social activity visits and for isolation by means of using bed net every time, Sample tested  positive for IgM Dengue at Agha Khan Hospital Labs, Information shared with EDOH & DO M&PH, Provided bed net through malaria program EDO H office, Malarial spray done at both houses of the patient by malaria team, Planning done with Malaria superintendent 

2‐Sep  DHF  Sindh  Khairpur Shaikh Mohallah, Gambat city, UC Gambat  

0  1  0  0 

Alert for DF notified by THO Gambat Dr Ayub ,  positive for IgM Dengue,  complete history taken from the patient, informed EDOH for intervention, responded and sent team for malarial spray in the patients house and office, Plan was made for fumiga‐tion in Gambat city, bed net was provided to the patient. Anti Dengue test was done at Agha Khan laboratory and it was positive (IgM +ve).  

29‐Aug  Malaria Sindh  Larkana Village Arija BHU Arija  3  1  1  4 

Malaria alert, Investigation done, record verified of facility found correct response is planned for village reported to EDOH 

Current week's Alerts: Province Sindh Date Disease District Area <5M >5M <5F >5F

29‐Aug  AD  Sukkur  Village Soofan Buriro  5  4  0  1 26‐Aug  AWD  Badin  Village Master Haq Nawaz, Deh Kandar  1  2  0  1 29‐Aug  AWD  Dadu  Village Gul Muhammad Landree  2  1  0  0 26‐Aug  AWD  Hyderabad  Heerabad, Daulatabad  1  0  0  0 30‐Aug  AWD  Hyderabad  Gujrati mohalla,  0  0  0  1 30‐Aug  AWD  Hyderabad  Taj pur village  0  1  0  0 30‐Aug  AWD  Hyderabad  Village Bhindo sharif, near Tando jam  0  0  0  1 26‐Aug  AWD  S. Benazirabad  Village Wali Muhammad  Mirasi, UC Sun  1  0  1  0 27‐Aug  AWD  TM Khan  Pead wards Naseerabad  0  0  1  0 29‐Aug  AWD  Thatta   village Nareeja Makli 2   1  0  1  0 29‐Aug  DHF  Badin  Village Ghulam Hussain Parier, UC Kadia Qazi  0  1  0  1 28‐Aug  DHF  Khairpur  Gambat City UC & Taluka Gambat  0  1  0  0 2‐Sep  DHF  Khairpur  Shaikh Mohallah, Gambat city, UC Gambat   0  1  0  0 29‐Aug  Malaria  Badin  IDP camp government high school, Panghrio   0  0  0  0 29‐Aug  Malaria  Larkana  Village Arija BHU Arija  3  1  1  4 27‐Aug  Measles  Qambar Shahdadkot Khabri Makan  0  0  1  0 30‐Aug  Measles  TM Khan  Memon hospital, Taluka Matli  0  0  1  0 1‐Sep  NNT  Ghotki  Village Pir Muhammad Khatian UC Dhangro  1  0  0  0 29‐Aug  NNT  Karachi  Neonatal ICU, NICH  0  0  0  0 27‐Aug  NNT  Qambar Shahdadkot Village Sobho mugheri  1  0  0  0 27‐Aug  NNT  Shikarpur  Village Kiri Atta Mohammad  1  0  0  0 27‐Aug  NNT  TM Khan  Anwar Colony, near Badin Bus stop  0  0  0  0 29‐Aug  NNT  Thatta   Village Mureed Khoso Taluka Jati  1  0  0  0 

The chart at the right shows the alerts and outbreaks detected by DEWS in Sindh in the past four weeks.  The number of alerts overall is low in week 35 due to the Eid holidays, however, in the three previous weeks, there was an increasing trend for Acute Watery Diarrhea (AWD/ suspected cholera), Measles, Dengue Fever, and Malaria. Typically, in Pakistan, Falciparum Malaria peaks in September and Dengue Fever peaks in Octo‐ber or November.  Last year the number of cases reported for both diseases were an all‐time high after the Flood due to in‐creased. DEWS is working toward early identification of out‐breaks in order to focus the vector control efforts on the high risk areas and plan integrated vector control for both diseases.  

Regarding AWD, the risks of outbreaks increase as the rains cause the shallow wells to become contaminated with the overflowing sewers.  Each family needs to take care to use safe drinking water. Measles outbreaks are another risk as people gather in camps to find shelter when their homes have been destroyed or damaged due to floods. Every camp should have a policy of immunizing the children against measles and polio as they are registered in the camp. So far, more than 9000 children IDPS have been immunized in Sindh.  

15

19

26

96

36 6

42

8

213 2 33 2

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Wk‐32 Wk‐33 Wk‐34 Wk‐35

# of alerts

Epi‐week

Number of alerts detected by week, Sindh (Wk 32 ‐ 35, 2011)

AWD NNT + Tetanus Measles DHF Malaria

Page 3: Special Supplement · 5 kamber shahdadkot 145,030 6 khairpur 927,953 7 larkana 300,000 8 mirpurkhas 384,423 9 naushehro feroze 9,099 10 sanghar 68,136 11 shaheed benazirabad 9,000,000

Special Supplement: DEWS, Sindh, Week no. 35 (26 August to 1 September, 2011)

This weekly Epidemiological Bulletin is published jointly by the National Institute of Health, Islamabad and World Health Organization (WHO), Pakistan . For Correspondence: NIH: [email protected]; WHO: Tel : +92-051-9255184-5, Fax : +92-051-9255083, E-mail: [email protected]. 03

DEWS Alerts and Outbreaks number and type in province Sindh  as of week 35, 2011 

Page 4: Special Supplement · 5 kamber shahdadkot 145,030 6 khairpur 927,953 7 larkana 300,000 8 mirpurkhas 384,423 9 naushehro feroze 9,099 10 sanghar 68,136 11 shaheed benazirabad 9,000,000

Special Supplement: DEWS, Sindh Week no. 35 (26 August to 1 September, 2011)

This weekly Epidemiological Bulletin is published jointly by the National Institute of Health, Islamabad and World Health Organization (WHO), Pakistan . For Correspondence: NIH: [email protected]; WHO: Tel : +92-051-9255184-5, Fax : +92-051-9255083, E-mail: [email protected]. 04

Alerts and outbreaks, week 35, 2011