Special Diets Goal 7.03: Investigate special dietary needs.
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Transcript of Special Diets Goal 7.03: Investigate special dietary needs.
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Special DietsGoal 7.03: Investigate special dietary
needs.
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Diet Related Diseases
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Heart Disease• caused by high blood pressure, high
cholesterol, obesity
• Cut out salt(sodium) to reduce risk of high blood pressure. Instead season foods with herbs and spices.
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Diabetes• life-long condition in which the body
can not adequately control blood sugar levels• the body can not manage insulin
production or use• obesity and inactivity contribute to
the development
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• in order to manage:*eat the right balance of food*insulin injections
• in order to prevent:*maintain a healthy weight*exercise regularly
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Osteoporosis• weak/brittle bones• caused by/prevented by:–low calcium intake/eat a diet rich in
calcium–tobacco use/don’t use it!–eating disorder/eat healthy–sedentary lifestyle/EXERCISE!–excessive alcohol consumption/don’t
drink
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Cancer• can be caused by a high fat diet(too
much red meat), highly processed foods, excessive salt• obesity increases your risk of cancer• Eating too much red meat and a lack of adequate fiber increases your risk of cancer.
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• prevention:–a diet high in fiber and low in
saturated fats–whole foods–healthy weight–EXERCISE!–eat brightly colored fruits and
vegetables
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Food Allergies• body’s immune system reacts to a
particular food substance (foreign invader)
• Symptoms- stomach pain, diarrhea, rashes, itching, swelling, nasal congestion, death
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Common Allergies:• peanuts • shellfish• eggs• milk• wheat• soybeans
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Intolerance• trouble digesting food or food
component• Symptoms:–diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain,
cramps, gas, abdominal pain, bloating, vomiting, headache
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• Common Intolerances:–lactose- milk sugar–artificial sweeteners–MSG (flavor and preservative)–sulfites (preservative)–gluten
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Nutrition through Life’s Stages
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Pregnancy• increase intake of minerals and vitamins• eat foods high in folic acid, fiber,
calcium, iron, vitamin C, vitamin A • fruits, enriched grain products, dark
green vegetables
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Infancy• iron fortified infant formula or breast
milk • 4-6 months- iron fortified rice cereal• baby food 6-8 months• 8-10 months finger foods (soft toast,
skinless fruit, cooked vegetables, cheese)• do not limit fat from whole foods
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Childhood• nutrient dense foods• regular, consistent meal patterns• Do not limit fat from whole foods.• Avoid high fat and sugary foods.• milk, juice, yogurt, fruits, vegetables,
unsweetened cereal, whole grain crackers, meat, poultry, fish
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Adolescence• 2nd most rapid growth period in life• nutrient dense foods• iron and calcium needed to build
bones and muscles• follow body cues- hunger and height
gain
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Adulthood• same nutrients but fewer calories• healthy, low-calorie whole foods
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Older Adulthood• body uses calcium, vitamins D and B12
less effectively (need more in daily diet)• need more liquid intake
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Calories• energy in foods
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Sports Diet• Eat an easily digestible meal 3-4 hours
before a game.• Eat a meal consisting of complex
carbohydrates (pasta, breads, fruits and vegetables) and very little protein (meat).• Eat a small snack 30 min before a game
(granola bar, banana, graham crackers, fig bars, pretzels).
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• To prevent dehydration, drink plenty of water 6-12 oz 1 hour before a game.• can lose up to 5 quarts of water through
perspiration• hydrate after exercise- 3 c. for every pound
lost • post game meal- eat carbohydrates and
proteins (4:1 ratio)
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Supplement Use• Supplements should not take the
place of healthy eating.• Excessive amounts of vitamins and
minerals can cause heart problems.• If it sounds too good to be true- IT
IS!!!!!