Spawn of EnergyPlus - Department of Energy

PowerPoint Presentation1U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY
Spawn of EnergyPlus
2U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY
Project Summary
Timeline: Start date: Oct. 2015 Planned end date: Sep. 2019 [continuation proposal is currently in review] Key Milestones: 1. Simulate Modelica HVAC coupled to
EnergyPlus; 3/31/18 2. Release Modelica Buildings library for use
with EnergyPlus; 8/31/18 Budget:
Total Project $ to Date: • DOE: $1,500k (since Oct. 2015)
$200k (since Oct. 2017) • Cost Share: no direct, but leverage of >100M
investment in Modelica/FMI, Modelon compiler & simulator technology, and IEA EBC Annex 60 (42 institutes) and IBPSA Project 1 (26 institutes + 27 individual participants)
Total Project $: • DOE: $2.2M (Oct. 2015 to Sep. 2018, includes
non-SOEP tasks)
Key Partners:
supporting vendor-defined component, system, and control models, including proprietary models
• Uses open standards (Modelica and FMI) that leverages >$100M in investment along with domain-agnostic expertise in compilation and simulation
• Leverages EnergyPlus for envelope, load, and lighting simulation
• Leverages OpenStudio ecosystem
NREL >41 institutes through IEA EBC Annex 60 and IBPSA Project 1 that jointly develop Modelica & FMI for buildings
Objexx Modelon
LBNL (Michael Wetter, PI; Thierry S. Nouidui; Jianjun Hu) • Overall software architecture • Modelica Buildings Library development • Specification of FMI extension • QSS integration • Lead and coordination with IBPSA Project 1 & Modelica IBPSA Library
NREL (Kyle Benne) • Tool-chain for end-to-end distribution • EnergyPlus envelope model refactoring • EnergyPlus API integration
Modelon (Hubertus Tummescheit; Christian Winther) • JModelica.org translator and simulator • Implementation of FMI extensions for QSS
Objexx (Stuart Mentzer) • QSS solver development and integration
Team
Challenge
Current BEM engines are “monolithic” • Models mixed with solvers and implicit control
Resulting limitations • Large, difficult to maintain code bases • Inability to
– integrate with external models or analyses – extract and reuse models for other use cases (e.g., control implementation) – model certain systems with non-conventional flow networks or control sequences
• Poor scalability for large analyses (e.g., district systems)
EnergyPlus
Novel two-pipe system, reducing energy by 12-18% compared to conventional four-pipe system,
built based on Modelica virtual prototyping. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.10.051
Approach
Modularity and inter-operability – use open standard simulation interface (FMI) • Modular plug-and-play components
OpenStudio layer hides changes from 3rd-party developers and users
EnergyPlus
Impact – Support New Use Cases
Controls • Modeling of actual control sequences such as from ASHRAE Guideline 36 that
showed 30% reduction in annual HVAC energy (http://obc.lbl.gov/specification/example.html).
• Development and deployment of actual, implementable control sequences, rather than idealized, load-based control.
• Allow users to customize control in a way that allows export of control sequence to control systems, or to functional verification tools (http://obc.lbl.gov/specification/codeGeneration.html)
• Export of models for controls and FDD, including MPC as needed for grid flexible buildings and integrated dynamic systems, possibly after simplifications in tool chains such as developed by LBNL in CERC or by KU Leuven’s Modelica team.
FDD • Quickly insert fault scenarios in equipment models and control sequences. • Assess how control sequences compensate for equipment faults.
Data-driven modeling • Combine data-driven and physics-based models, including use of measured data as
input to component and system models.
Impact – Expand Scope of Analyzable Systems
Support design, analysis (and hardware-in-the-loop) of systems, including controls, for • novel HVAC systems • district energy systems, including 5th
generation where buildings share waste heat/cool, and where pumping energy and control sequences are critical for performance
• buildings to grid integration, including coupled building & distribution grid simulation
• cyber-physical systems
Reduce effort and complexity of developing models for these systems.
5th generation bidirectional DHC system that allows buildings to share waste heat, cold and storage capacity through agent-based control,
modelled with Modelica. Buenning et al., 2017
Progress: Architecture
Foundational Standards – Modelica and FMI
Powerplant simulation with Modelica (Dymola) coupled to in-house simulator (Dynaplant).
Source: Siemens, doi:10.3384/ecp1511817
Why standards? • Leverages investments in related industries. • Provides well-tested APIs for software integration. • Provides to industry a stable basis for investment. • Avoids vendor lock-in.
https://modelica.org/ • Open, industry-driven standard for multi-physics modeling • Developed since 1996 • Large ecosystem of free and commercial libraries and tools • Large LBNL/RWTH Aachen led collaborations on Modelica for building
and district energy systems: – IEA EBC Annex 60: 42 institutes (2012-2017) – IBPSA Project 1: 26 institutes + 27 individual participants (2017-
2022)
Progress: Modelica Buildings Library
major control vendors and equipment manufacturers • Validated with BESTEST, EnergyPlus, TRNSYS and
measured data • Continuous integration testing with JModelica & Dymola, with 1000 tests for each
Past year accomplishments • Reduced computing time up to 20% for large models with discrete time control • Improved automated continuous integration & verification of results • Added new models
• Data center equipment & systems [UC Boulder & Schneider Electric data center project]
• Pipe with transport delay, heat loss and friction [IBPSA Project 1]
• ASHRAE Guideline 36 control sequences [OpenBuildingControl project]
• Humidifiers [IBPSA Project 1] • Idealized heater/cooler [IBPSA Project 1] Graphical rendering of HVAC secondary
system in Modelica.
Progress: QSS Validation
model BouncingBall "This model simulates the bouncing ball" extends Modelica.Icons.Example; type Height = Real (unit="m"); type Velocity = Real (unit="m/s"); parameter Real e=0.8 "Coefficient of restitution"; parameter Height h0=1.0 "Initial height"; Height h; Velocity v(start=0.0, fixed=true); Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput __zc_z "Zero crossing function“;
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput __zc_der_z "Derivative of zero crossing function";
initial equation h = h0;
equation v = der(h); der(v) = -9.81; __zc_z = h; __zc_der_z = v; when h < 0 then reinit(v, -e*pre(v));
end when; end BouncingBall;
Progress: QSS on Buildings
For a Modelica system model consisting of a room air coupled to an air-based HVAC system with on/off control, QSS and Dymola compute the same solution within the solver tolerance.
Progress: EnergyPlus + Modelica
Coupling EnergyPlus & Modelica: Modelica computes room air, allowing • Adaptive time step with high order ODE
solvers for fast changing • room air • HVAC • airflow network
• Coupling of EnergyPlus using slowly time- varying surface temperatures
• Simulation can include of any number of air trace substances (VoC, CO2, …)
Each icon connects to an EnergyPlus
thermal zone
Control sequence
Internal gains
Progress: EnergyPlus + Modelica
Coupling EnergyPlus & Modelica for DOE Commercial Reference Building (Small Office): First preliminary Spawn simulations show that free floating temperatures between Spawn (solid lines) and original EnergyPlus (dashed lines) match.
Comparison of free floating room air temperatures.
Stakeholder Engagement
IBPSA (International Building Performance Simulation Association) Project 1 2017-22 • https://ibpsa.github.io/project1 • BIM/GIS and Modelica Framework for
building and community energy system design and operation
• Continues successful IEA EBC Annex 60 (42 institutes from 18 countries).
• 26 institutes + 27 individual participants, with > 80 FTE, 2017-22.
Training workshops • American Modelica Conference 2018
(NAMUG sponsored) • Building Simulation 2017 (NAMUG
sponsored)
User support • Mailing list • unmethours.com • Direct collaboration with key companies
Participants of IBPSA Project 1 Expert Meeting 2018
Remaining Project Work
Long term (FY19-22) Develop and release Spawn, integrated into OS, capable of simulating buildings with 1000s of thermal zones at run-time comparable to EnergyPlus.
Near future (FY 18) Modelica Buildings Library development • Refactor into more intuitive package structure (addressing feedback from IBPSA Project 1) • Extend Modelica to JSON parser towards use for OpenStudio integration
Specification of FMI extension and QSS integration • Package QSS solver with FMU to export model exchange for discrete event simulation
Tool-chain for end-to-end distribution • Set up distribution for developers/early testers
EnergyPlus envelope model refactoring • Add moisture and internal load coupling, integrate into CI validation cases • Validate and test larger cases
JModelica.org compiler • Finalize addition of QSS-specific information in FMU • Further reduce translation and simulation time
Thank You LBNL NREL
REFERENCE SLIDES
Project Budget: 700k annual funding for SOEP, Modelica, and FMI, including support of legacy tools.
Variances: None.
Additional Funding:
* Cost share shown as 0, although we leverage significant resources through
• Modelica and FMI (>$100M private and public investment),
• IEA EBC Annex 60 (42 partners)
• IBPSA Project 1 (26 institutes, 27 indiv. participants, >80 FTE), and
• working with Modelon which has private investments in their tools such as from ANSYS and Ricardo.
** Proposal for continuation submitted to DOE.
Budget History
FY 2017 (past)
FY 2018 (current)
FY 2019 (planned)
DOE Cost-share DOE Cost-share DOE Cost-share 675k 0* 700k 0* 1800k** 0*
Project Budget
Project Plan and Schedule FY 18 focuses on expanding model library, addressing performance bottlenecks and implementing a more efficient coupling between EnergyPlus envelope and Modelica HVAC by exploiting slow dynamics of surface states rather than room air.
Sheet1
Completed Work
Milestone/Deliverable (Originally Planned) use for missed milestones
Milestone/Deliverable (Actual) use when met on time
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
Task
Design OpenStudio to Modelica HVAC simulation
Current/Future Work
Release Modelica Buildings library for use in E+
Slide Number 1
Impact – Expand Scope of Analyzable Systems
Progress: Architecture
Progress: Modelica Buildings Library

Spawn of EnergyPlus - Department of Energy

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