Spatial Understandings

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SPATIAL UNDERSTANDINGSA Regional Study of Wellington’s Colonised Streams

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Initial Studies

InitialAcceleratedStudies PhotographicDescriptions

Research Refinement

RefiningStudyAreas SupportingTheory+Discussion PrecedentStudies

Intensive Studies

Black Creek - Wainuiomata Situation+Context Typologies Assemblages+ConditionsofSpace

Owhiro Stream - Owhiro Bay Situation+Context Typologies Assemblages+ConditionsofSpace

Kaiwharawhara Stream - Kaiwharawhara Situation+Context Typologies Assemblages+ConditionsofSpace

Waiwhetu Stream - Lower Hutt Situation+Context Typologies Assemblages+ConditionsofSpace

Conclusions

Conclusions WorksCited+FurtherReading

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1213

14-15

1819

20-27

2829

30-41

4243

44-53

5455

56-69

7273

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INTRODUCTION

StreamlandscapesofNewZealandhaveseenalotofneglectinthelastcentury,manyhavebeenwhittleddowntotheirmostmaintainablestate-slowlyremovingthestreamfrominclusionwithinthepubliclifeofcommunities.ThisstudyaimstoanalyserelevantstreamsintheWellingtonRegioninordertofurtherquestion,andunderstand,theimplicationsofthecurrentstream-scapes,steppingoutsidetheecologicalworldandintospatialunderstanding.

Theresearchholdsitssignificancebykeepingtwofeetontheground‘literally’walkingthesespacesexperiencingthemandunderstandingthemfromapersonalandtheoreticalposition-inagoaltobetterpeoplesunderstandingofwhatthelandscapeaffordsthecommunity,asitmanoeuvresthroughthebuiltlandscape.

AlloftheinitialchosenstudyareasarebasedwithinWellingtonRegiontoallowphysicalaccess.

Thefollowingmaps(pages6-8)areverybasicandaredesignedsothatanyreadermayfindandwalktheselandscapestohaveamuchmoretangibleunderstandingofthisproject.Accesspointsandstreamlocatorsareprovidedonallmapsaswellasgenerallocationinformation.

InitialAcceleratedStudiesRapid studies of initial chosen streams for research, giving a general idea of which streams have the potentials within them to be studied.

ResearchrefinementRefinement and review of the aims of this project, the study areas and theory behind the ideas the project discusses.

IntensiveStudiesThoroughly analysing the study areas chosen, walking them, drawing them, and discussing them.

ConclusionsFinal conclusions based on research and theory including works sited/further reading.

SCOPE INITIAL MAPS

RESEARCH STAGES

KeyforMaps

StreamSelectedforFurtherResearch

StreamRemovedfromFurtherResearch

AccessPoint

StreamLocator

X

X

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1.0INITIAL SITE STUDIES

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AKaiwharawhara Stream,KaiwharawharaAccess:KaiwharawharaRoad+SchoolRoad BGilberd Bush Reserve,Newlands

Access:BayswaterPlace

Access Point

Stream

Access Point

Access Point

Stream

Initial StudiesINITIAL ACCELERATED STUDIES - 01

CPercy Scenic Reserve,LowerHuttAccess:BarberryGrove+StanhopeGrove

Access Point

Access Point

Access Point

Stream

D Rona Street Stream, EastbourneAccess:RonaStreet

Stream

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Access Point

Access Point

Access Point

Stream

Stream

EHair Street Stream, WainuiomataAccess:HairStreet FBlack Creek, Wainuiomata

Access:BestStreet+FitzherbertRoad

INITIAL ACCELERATED STUDIES - 02 Initial Studies

GWaiwhetu Stream, LowerHuttAccess:RiversideDrive HElliot Park, Brooklyn

Access:HooverStreet

Access Point

Access Point

Stream

Stream

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INITIAL ACCELERATED STUDIES - 03 Initial Studies

Access Point

Access Point

Access Point

Access Point

Stream

Stream

JI Wrights Hill Reserve + Makara Peak Mountain Bike Park,SouthKaroriAccess:SouthKaroriRoad+FitzgeraldPlace

Owhiro Stream, OhiroBayAccess:HappyValleyRoad+OwhiroBayParade

LCentral Park,WellingtonCityAccess:BrooklynRoadKOtari Wiltons Bush,Wilton

Access:WiltonRoad+KaroriCemetery

Access Point

Access Point

Access Point

Access Point

StreamStream

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PHOTOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTIONS Initial Studies

AKaiwharawhara Stream,KaiwharawharaAccess:KaiwharawharaRoad+SchoolRoad

D Rona Street Stream, EastbourneAccess:RonaStreet

EHair Street Stream, WainuiomataAccess:HairStreet

GWaiwhetu Stream, LowerHuttAccess:RiversideDrive

FBlack Creek, WainuiomataAccess:BestStreet+FitzherbertRoad

IOwhiro Stream, OhiroBayAccess:HappyValleyRoad+OwhiroBayParade

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2.0RESEARCH REFINEMENT

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REFINING STUDY AREAS

Aftercompletingtheinitialstudyprocess6streamswherechosenforfurtheranalysis.Thesesitesshowedavarietyofpartsthatcorrelatedwithwhatthisstudywaslookingfor,includinghousing,streamsandpublicspace-theyalsoprovidedthemostpotentialtoprovidesomethingmoreforthecommunitiestheyranthrough.

Initialconclusionsandspeculationsfoundthat:

- Richnesscamewithscalesofspacewithinonearea. - Richnessandvarietyisfoundwheresurroundingusershadmoreinfluenceonthelandscape - Thetopographicrelationships(betweenstreams,publicspaceandsurroundingdwellings)arecrucialinaffording

potentialmeetingbetweendifferentenvironments.

Fourofthesixstreamschosenpreviouslyhavebeenintensivelystudiedgivingtheabilitytogodowntoalevelofdetailthatwastangible.Thestudyingofthesestreamenvironmentsincluded:

Walking

- Walkingthelengthsofchosenstreamsandtheenvironmentsthatsurroundtheminordertounderstandthesitesatalevelthatisbasedfromontheground.

Mapping

- Creatinglargescaleaerialmapsthatallowthelandscapetobeinterpretedatalargerscale,whichismoreinclusiveofthesurroundingenvironment.

- Creatinganassemblageofphotos,sketches,aerialsandnotestofurtherunderstandtheaffectsofthesites.

DefiningTypologies/Reaches

- Understandingthesites intermsoftypologiesalongthelengthofthestreams- identifyingpointsofchangeinenvironmentsinordertobegintounderstandthemakeupofthelandscapeanditsaffectonaperson.

BreakdownofSpace

- Breakingdownthesetypological reaches inordertounderstandandgraphicallyexplain thefindingsabouttheaffectsofthestreamenvironments.

Eachsectionwilldetailitslocationclearlysothatfurtheruseofthefindingsareaccessible-ratherthancreatingaseriesofambiguousdiagramsthestudiesarerealandspatiallybasedontheground,whileallowingforfurtherinteractionsandresearchwiththematerial.

INITIAL CONCLUSIONS

INTENSIVE STUDY METHODOLOGY

ACCESSIBILITY OF DOCUMENT

MAPPING KEY (FOR SECTION 3.0)

Research Refinement

Differentscalesofspaceinoneenvironment.

Twoseparatespacesinoneenvironment.

Twointerrelatedsymbioticspacesinoneenvironment.

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Research RefinementSUPPORTING THEORY + DISCUSSION

Thecomplexitythatcomeswiththeissueofdesigningstreambasedlandscapesspreadstoeverycornerofthesocial,politicalanddesignedlyworlds,andthereforetheresearchpotentialsareextremelyvast.Belowis thebeginningsofimportanttheoreticalthatrelatetothesestudies.

Inequality

RecentlyRichardWilkinsonandKatePickettcreatedacollationofresearchdiscussingwhyequityisbetterforeveryone.‘TheSpiritLevel’questionsmodernsocialissuesindevelopedcountrieswithastoundingandirrefutableconclusions.Wilkinson and Pickett point out the pernicious effects and relationships that inequality has onsocieties,rangingfrompoorhealththroughtolackofcommunitylife(WilkinsonandPickett).Thiscollationofhardstatisticshasshiftedthoughtsthroughouttheworld,highlightingthehugeeffectinequalityhasonentirepopulations.

“According to Wilkinson and Pickett, unequal societies with large wealth disparities are bad, not just for the impact poverty has on the poor, but for the well-off as well” (Lewis)

Inrelationtothis is thestudyofspatial inequality,aconceptthat isbridgingsociologiespervasive interest insocialinequalitywithconcernsofunevenspatialdevelopmentthroughoutnations(Lobao,HooksandTickamyer3). It isaboutappreciating the spatial componentsof inequalityand their consequences;understanding thatthereisadirectlackofdevelopmentandresourcesdedicatedtoareasofpoorerpeople,whichhasaharmfuleffectontheequalitybetweenadjoiningsocieties.

NewZealand is far fromexempt to these issues,provennotonly in the ‘SpiritLevel’,butalso in theobviousdisparitiesbetweenimmediatelyneighbouringsuburbsthroughoutthecountry.ItisimportanttorecogniseNewZealanddoesnotknowhowtospatiallyintegratelow-incomehousingandinfrastructuresintosociety.Wemustlearnhowtoworkwiththesesituations,thedifferentpeoplethatresidewithinthem,andthelackofmoneythere is toachievechange.Streamsholda certainpower in theirenvironments,as theypass throughentiresuburbs,theycreatepotentialtoimprovepoorerareasthroughtheirembeddedstructure.

Public Territories, Well-being and Communities

Physical,mentalandculturalactivitiesofhumanbeingsrequireamongstotherthingsspacesforbreathingandbeinginspired,spacestolinger,toamble,todream,toplay,tomeetbyintentionorbychance(CouncilofEurope4).Theseareasareseenasavitalfactorforthewell-beingofindividualsandthecommunity.Thereforespaceswithoutconsideredpublicspatialenvironments(likemanyoftheneighbourhoodareasbasedaroundWellington’sstreams)havelittletobuildcommunityon.

Natural Environments

Theoverwhelmingpositiveeffectsanaturalenvironmenthasonpeopleofallculturalbackgroundsisoftentossedasideormaybenotcompletelyunderstood.Asweincreasinglygourban,societieshavebecomemoredisconnectedtonaturethaneverbefore,withtheeffectsofthisnottotallyunderstood.TheOttawaCharacterforHealthPromotionidentifiedthe importance of environments supportive of health – stating that the inextricable links between people and theirenvironmentarethebasisforasocio-ecologicalapproachtohealth(WorldHealthOrganisation).Thecentralthemewasthepromotionofhealthbymaximisingthehealthvaluesofeverydaysettings(Maller,TownsendandPryor).Theseideashavehuge implicationson landscapearchitectureandthesubstantialamountof research linkingcontactwithnaturalenvironments to biological,mental, social and economic outcomes prove this concept of socio-ecology has a stronglatentpotentialthatneedstobeconsidered.Streamshaveanenormouspotentialwhenrelatedtothis,theyareexistingdormantinfrastructuresthroughoutNZsuburbswaitingtobetappedinto.

Understanding Landscapes: Affordance and Thresholds

Thecomplexitiesembeddedwithinasiteareoftengeneralisedasthedisciplineseeksrefugeinunderstandinglandscapesassimplifiedprocesses,systemsandperformances.Understandingsthatdolittletofurthertheconceptionofhowthesespaceseffectaperson.Twoconceptswillbediscussedbelow;affordanceandtheconceptoflandscapethresholdsinthepublic-privaterealm.

Conceptualisingthelinkbetweentheenvironmentandtheactorisattheheartofaffordance.Thisideaunderstandsthata landscape isa functioningdynamicspace, realising that there isa reciprocal relationshipbetweenpeopleand theirenvironment.Weshapea landscapesothat itaffordsussomethingdifferent,thereforeadesignneedstounderstandits affectual relationshipwith people. Zeleke discussesmounting evidencewithin studies of the human environmentinteraction,showingthatthewaypeopleperceiveandreacttotheirenvironmentsisfundamentallythesameforpeopleofallcultures,thusensuringadegreeofvaliditytotheidea(Zeleke12).

Hertzbergerspeaksofspaceandtheterritorialboundariesbetweenpublicandprivatespace,interpretingtheseconceptsin the spatial terms of ‘collective’ and ‘individual’ realms (Hertzberger). Private space near surrounding residents isthereforeseenasanextradimensiongiventoapublicterritory.Hertzbergerclaimsthisthresholdprovidesthekeytothetransitionandconnectionbetweenareas,creatingthespatialconditionsforthemeetinganddialoguebetweenalternateareas(Hertzberger32).Acceptingthispremiseprovidestheconditionsforprivacy,whilemaintainingsocialcontactswithothers–ideasthatprovidebuildingcomponentsofcommunity.Hertzberger’sideasofpublic/privateenvironmentsareveryrelevanttostream-scapesandshouldconstantlybeexplored.

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Research RefinementPRECEDENT STUDIES

Raised Sidewalk, Buneos Aires. Apollo School, Amsterdam. Saint Peters Square, Rome

These examples explore how simple shifts in an environment can create a social space open to interpretation through organisation. In Buenos Aires this raised sidewalk becomes a place propagated for meeting, becoming an audience of the activity of the street, a wall to kick a ball against and so on... Similar environments are further seen at Apollo School and Saint Peters Square.Figures 1, 2, 3 (Hertzberger)

STRU

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Family Housing, The Hague By MVRDV

MVRDV has created a social housing project which avoids the propensity to default to a typical rowed prefab unit housing typology. Cutting and splitting these bars of prefabs created a shift into a more open garden-like environment, “It increased social diversity” (MVRDV). The project aimed to create an enormous series of cross-views that increase communication, open areas and social opportunities (MVRDV). In its economic restriction it seems as though a minimization of the infrastructure has led to a pedestrianised and social environment. Low, light hedges are used to divide properties while clusters form for larger plots that allow an ‘escape from the overwhelming density” (MVRDV). This project is an excellent example of low income housing that wishes to go beyond the front door - its internal structure and soft transitions between spaces seems to provide the ground for a social collective community. Although MVRDV has taken positive steps within this project, this project seems to be in isolation to the outside world, and questions may be asked about the ability for the community to create their own identity within such a distinctively characterised space.Figures 4, 5 (Houzz), 6 (Reinier de Jong)

Soft boundaries allow for public-private relationships

Alternating placement and density of housing creates collective spaces for people to move to

Private

Public

Public

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PRECEDENT STUDIES

Silverstream - Christchurch

This project shows a typical design of a New Zealand housing-stream environment, the monotony of the landscape is obtrusive leaving little open to become responsive. There are certain positive aspects in relation to this design such as the orientation of streets - opening to the stream. In contrast to this the overall internal structure of the housing and the stream environment are so simple and singularly levelled, that they leave little to the imagination of the people within them.Figures 7, 8, 9 (Silverstream Estate)

European approach - keeping the living/private environment separate from the public space. Divided into two entities

The stream environment is considered as a series/or a single destination point, disregarding the potentials of the rest of the landscape

Single focus point

Track connecting point to people

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TREA

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S - S

UPP

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PUBL

ICPublic Water Channel in Germany

Public Water Channel in PeruStream Daylighting Project in New Zealand

Stream in Japan Canal in the Netherlands

Stream in the USA Public Water Channel in India

Figures 13, 14 (Lisas Town) 15 (Construction and Council) 16 (Travel Blog), 17 (Kazetabi) 18 (Paradise in the World), 19 (Architizer), 20 (ABC News)

Research Refinement

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3.0INTENSIVE STUDIES

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BLACK CREEK · SITUATION+CONTEXT Intensive Studies

1.0km

2.0km

0.0km

0.5km

WainuiomataRoad

PedestrianCrossing

MajorVehicleCrossing

Typology A Typology B Typology C

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BLACK CREEK · TYPOLOGIES

0.0km

0.5km

Intensive Studies

Norfolk Street Bridge

344 Upper Fitzherbert Street

Main Road Bridge

Wainuiomata River

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TYPOLOGY A

Location: Northern reach of the stream between Norfolk Street bridge and Upper Fitzherbert Street.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:100 @ A3, 1:200 @ A4

BLACK CREEK · ASSEMBLAGE+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies

288 Wellington Road

Section Cut

21

PRIVATEREALM

PUBLICREALM

PUBLICREALM

Isolatedspaceduetolackofaccessacrosswatergivessafetyfromtrespassersandthepotentialforthisareatobecomepartoftheadjacentproperty.Allowingtheprivatetobegintomanipulatethepublicspace.

Steepgradedividesalinkbetweeneastandwestandaccesstostream.

SolidFencesdividelinksbetweenprivateandpublicrealms

Repetitionofmonotonousenvironmentcreatesalostsenseofcharacterthatthepublichasnoinfluenceon

Relationshipbetweenthestreamandsurroundinglandscapeshowsaseveregapinscale,wheretheintimacyofthestreamisoverpoweredbyitssurroundinglandscape.


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TYPOLOGY B

Location: Northern reach of the stream between Norfolk Street bridge and Main Road Bridge.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:200 @ A3, 1:400 @ A4

12 Hyde Street

Section Cut

23


Spaceisenclosedbysurroundingfencesand

densevegetation.

Vegetationaddsorremovesprivacyrelationships

betweenpublicandprivateenvirons.

3.LowerTerrace

2.WalkwaySpace

SCALESOFSPACE

Thisareagenerallyhasthreescalesofspace1.Collectivepublicrealmofthestream/

creekcorridor2.Thewalkwayspace

3.Lowerterraceenvironment

Eachscaleaffordsadifferentrelationshipwiththestreamenvironment,aswell

asabalancebetweenprivacyandbeingcollectivelypartofthecommunity

environment.

Removedformtheabovewalkwayspace,thegradeandvegetationcreatesenclosureandasenseofprivacy-thuschangingtheconstructsandaffectsofthespace.

ACCESSAccesstotheareaaredefinedbyparksoralleywaysleftbetweenplots.

1.PUBLICREALMPRIVATEREALM PRIVATEREALM

Continuedrepetitionofmonotonousenvironmentcreatesalostsenseofcharacterthatthepublichasnoinfluenceon

Thecontextual(mountains)aspectsofthelandscapebecomethemainfocusofthewalkwayenvironment,duetolossofinterestintheforegroundlandscapeandsheerscale.

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TYPOLOGY C

Location: Northern reach of the stream between Main Road Bridge and Wainuiomata River.Plan Scale: 1:200 @ A3, 1:400 @ A4Section Scale: 1:100 @ A3, 1:200 @ A4

27 Stanley Street

Section Cut

25


Publicandprivaterealmsbegintoinformoneanotherandthereforethe

environmentbecomesmuchmorediverse.

Privatespacespillingintothepublicrealm.

Densevegetationbecomesamajorinformingfactorforthisenvironment.Allowingthepublicrealmtonotbedominatedbysurroundingprivatedwellings.

Repetitionofthelandscapeshiftsastheprivatelandhasmoreinfluenceonthelandscape,creatingalevelofcommunityandcharacterwithintheenvironment.

SCALESOFSPACE

Thescaleinthisenvironmenthasentirelyshiftedintermsofitssharesize.Thelandscapehasbecomemuchmoreintimateinthisrespect.Thisshiftinsizehasmeantthefocusisturnedontheimmediateenvironmentratherthanthesurroundinghillsandthelandscapeaheadofaperson.

PUBLIC-PRIVATEREALMPRIVATEREALM

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45 Stanley Street

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY C

Location: Northern reach of the stream between Main Road Bridge and Wainuiomata River.Plan Scale: 1:200 @ A3, 1:400 @ A4Section Scale: 1:100 @ A3, 1:200 @ A4

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SCALESOFSPACE

Intimacyofthelandscapecontinuesbuttherelationshipbetweenthewalkingspaceandthestreamshiftsintermsoftopography.

Thelandscapecreatesthreescalesofspacehere,increasingthelevelofaffordabilitywithinthestreamenvironment.

Topographicrelationshipallowsmovementdowntotheriversedge.

Vegetationonbothsidesofthestreamseparatetheinternalstreamenvironmentfromexternalinfluence.Focusingallattentiononthestream.

1.PUBLICREALM

3.StreamEdge2.Walkway

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OWHIRO STREAM · SITUATION+CONTEXT

PedestrianCrossing


HappyV

alleyRoa

d

HappyValleyRoad

Murchiso

nStreet

RobertsonStreet

OwhiroBayParade

Land

fi ll R

oad

0.5km

1.0km

0.0km

0.25

km

Intensive Studies

Typology ATypology BTypology CTypology DTypology ETypology FTypology GTypology H

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OWHIRO STREAM · TYPOLOGIES

0.0km

0.25

km

Intensive Studies

End of Study Area

469A Owhiro Road

Happy Valley Road + Landfill Road IntersectionReach Not Accessible

Happy Valley Road + Murchison Road Intersection

12 Domanski CrescentReach Not Accessible

509 Owhiro Road

307 Happy Valley Road23B Happy Valley Road

30

OWHIRO STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies

50 Domanski Crescent

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY C

Location: Between 12 Domanski Crescent and Happy Valley Road + Murchison Road Intersection.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4

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Steeptopographyandoverhangingvegetationenclosesthespace-creatingasmallerscalepersonalenvironment.

Theopenparkspaceisdividedfromthestreamduetothefencelineandvegetationdensity.Thiscreatesthesenseofprivacyinbelowenvironment-butseparatesanyconnectionbetweenspaces.

PUBLICREALM

PUBLICREALM

SCALESOFSPACE

Therearetwospaceswithinthisenvironment.Theaboveparkandthestreambelow,thisvarietybeginstoaddarichnessthataffordsdifferentpotentialsforpeople.

Thesetwospacesarenotinterrelatedorinformingoneanother,whichcreatesanincreaseddivisionbetweenthespaces.

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180 Happy Valley Road

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY C

Location: Between 12 Domanski Crescent and Happy Valley Road + Murchison Road Intersection.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4

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1.PUBLICREALM

2.ParkingSpace

3.Terrace


Gradeleveldifferencebetweenthisspaceandtheupperpublicrealmformsanicheenvironmentcreatingthepotentialforprivatesocialactivities.

Topographyallowsaccesstothestreamallowingpeopletointeractwithit.

Carparkputsspacebetweenthelowertierenvironmentandthemainpublicwalkways-creatingaseparatedindividualspace.

SCALESOFSPACE

Althoughsimilarintypologytothepreviouspage(32),thisenvironmentincludesthestreamintothelargerpublicrealm,whilemaintainingtwoscalesofspace.

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277 Happy Valley Road

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY E

Location: Between Happy Valley Road + Landfill Road Intersection and 307 Happy Valley Road.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4

35

Thestreamhasnophysicalconnectiontothepublicrealmassteepbanksandvegetationlimitsaccess.Thestreamactsasadividerofspacesthatallowsnofencingofthecommercialpropertyandthereforeastrongerconnectionwiththepublicenvironment.

Thecommercialpropertyisopentothepublicrealmformingamutualisticrelationship,whereeachrealminfluencesoneanother-affordingpotentialfortheadjoiningenvironmentsandpeopletointeract.

PUBLICREALM

DIFFERENTREALMSINFORMINGEACHOTHER


PRIVATE/COMMERCIALREALM

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South of 509 Ohiro Road

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY F

Location: Between 307 Happy Valley Road and 509 Owhiro Road.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:200 @ A3, 1:400 @ A4

37


PUBLICREALM

Revegetationplantingisslowlyseparatingthepublicrealmfromthestreamenvironment.Thestreammaintainsnophysicalconnectiontothepublicrealmassteepbanksandvegetationlimitsaccess.

Topographyoneithersideofthespaceshereissteep-pinchingthelandscapeinthepublicrealmgivingasenseofcontextualrealisation(ofbeinginavalley)

38


485 Ohiro Road

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY G

Location: Between 509 Owhiro Road and 469A Owhiro Road.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4

39


PUBLICREALM SEMI-PRIVATEREALM

PRIVATEREALMStreambecomesanaccessiblepartofthepublicrealm.

Privateandpublicrealmsbegintocrossoveraffordingopportunitiesforsocialmeetingsbetweenspaces.

Topographyshiftmakesthestreambecomevirtuallymoreapartofthepublicenvironmentandthereforethereisnotasenseofintrudingonprivatespace.

Privatedwellingissetbackintothehill-nofencesmakethebuildingnon-intrusive,butaddstothepublicspaceratherthanfocusinginonitself.

40


378 Owhiro Road

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY H

Location: Between 469A Owhiro Road and the end of study area.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4

41


PUBLICREALM

Therelationshipofthestreamandthepublicspaceiscompletelyseparatedbyamainroad-nolongeraffordingpotentialtocreatenewlevelsofspaceandinteractions.

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KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · SITUATION+CONTEXT

PedestrianCrossing

MajorVehicleCrossing 0.

5km

1.0km

0.0km

0.25

km

Intensive Studies

Typology ATypology BTypology CTypology DTypology E

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KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · TYPOLOGIES Intensive Studies

0.0km

0.25

km

Wellington Urban MotorwayNot Accessible

Hutt Road + School RoadIntersection

17 School Road

Trelissick Park EntranceNear 71 Kaiwharawhara Road

End of Study AreaNear 101 Waikowhai Street

44

KAIWHARAWHARA STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies

110 Hutt Road

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY A

Location: Between Wellington Urban Motorway and Hutt Road + School Road Intersection.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4

45


PUBLICREALM

Streamenvironmentissurroundedbyparkingareas.Thiscreatesadifficultenvironmentforpeopletointeractwiththestreambeyondavisualbasis.

Parkingactsasadeadspace.Thistypologyofactivityexcludesthestreamfromthepublicspace.

46


7 Kaiwharawhara Road

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY B

Location: Between Hutt Road + School Road Intersection and 17 School Road.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4

47


PUBLICREALM

Streamenvironmentenclosedbytheadjacenthillandcommercialbuildings.Shiftingthefocusinontheimmediatelandscape.

Nativevegetationvisuallypullyoutowardsthestreamedgebutverticalwallspreventphysicalaccess.

48


17 School Road

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY B

Location: Between Hutt Road + School Road Intersection and 17 School Road.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4

49


1.PUBLICREALM

3.StreamEdge

2.Walkway

Thestreamlandscapeiscompletelyfocusedinonitselfduetosurroundingtopographyandlargecommercialbuildingsatitsperimeters.

Stepscreateanewlevelofspacethataffordssmallerscalerelationshipswithinthestreamenvironment.

SCALESOFSPACE

Twoscalesofspacesarecreatedbythelandscape,addingdiversitytointeractions

possiblewiththeenvironment.

50


69 Kaiwharawhara Road

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY C

Location: Between 17 School Road and Trelissick Park Entrance (near 71 Kaiwharawhara Road).Plan Scale: 1:500 @ A3, 1:1000 @ A4Section Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4

51


PUBLICREALM

PRIVATE-COMMERCIALREALM

Publicspaceisbroadandfocusesalotonitscontextduetoalackofsmallerscaledspaces.

Commercialspaceopensuptothepublicenvironmentcreatingopportunitiesfortheadjoiningenvironmentstointeractandcreaterichness.

52


107 Ngaio Gorge Road

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY D

Location: Between Trelissick Park Entrance (Near 71 Kaiwharawhara Road) and the end of the study area (near 101 Waikowhai Street).Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4

53


1.PUBLICREALM

2.Walkway

3.LowerTerrace

Publicspacefocusesonbothit’scontextandtheimmediatelandscape.Thelevelofthisfocusisdependantonvegetationdensity,andtopographyandit’srelationshiptothemainopen/publicspace.

Difficultaccessmakestheenvironmentsignificantlymoreprivateandexcluded

fromtheabovespace.

SCALESOFSPACE

Topographicshiftsandvaryingstreamwaterlevelscreatedifferentscalesofspaces.

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WAIWHETU STREAM · SITUATION+CONTEXT

1.0km

2.0km

0.0km

0.5km


Intensive Studies

Typology A Typology B Typology C Typology D Typology E Typology F

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WAIWHETU STREAM · TYPOLOGIES Intensive Studies

0.0km

0.5km

Waiwhetu Stream Mouth

Bell Road BridgeNear 1-9 Bell Road South

Seaview Road BridgeNear 5 Port Road

Hamerton Street Bridge14 Hamerton Street

Foci Shift in Typology50 Wyndrum Ave

50 Waddington Drive

41 Riverside Drive

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WAIWHETU STREAM · ASSEMBLAGES+CONDITIONSOFSPACE Intensive Studies

53 Port Road

Section CutSection Cut

TYPOLOGY A

Location: Between Waiwhetu Stream Mouth and Seaview Road Bridge (near 5 Port Road).Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:200 @ A3, 1:400 @ A4

57


PUBLICREALM

Theindustriallandscapediminishesthepresenceofvarietyinthelandscape.Itsspatialconstructisnarroweddowntoonescaleofspace.

Fencesblocksmallerscaledrelationshipswiththestream.

Monotonoustextureandscaleofspacemakesthestreamdifficulttorelatetoata‘human’scaleotherthanavisualone.

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5 Quadrant Drive

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY B

Location: Between Seaview Road Bridge (near 5 Port Road) and Bell Road Bridge (near 1-9 Bell Road South).Plan Scale: 1:500 @ A3, 1:1000 @ A4Section Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4

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PUBLICREALM

Thelandscapeopensupbutthescaleofspaceisstillverysingularandlarge.Thiscreatesanenvironmentthatconcentratesonitssurroundings.

Streamedgesmakeitdifficulttomovetothestreamedgeandinteractata

smallerscale.

Largegrassedareashavediverseaffordancevalue.

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11A Riverside Drive

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY C

Location: Between Bell Road Bridge (near 1-9 Bell Road South) and 41 Riverside Drive.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4

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PUBLICREALM PUBLICREALM

Spaceisdividedfromexteriorenvironmentsduetothestopbankandvegetation.

Longgrassandboggygroundpreventscertainrelationshipsbetweenpeopleandthestream.

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85 Riverside drive

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY D

Location: Between 41 Riverside Drive and 14 Hamerton Street.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4

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1.PUBLICREALM

2.StreamBank3.Edge3.Edge

2.StreamBank

Presenceofwildlifeandaccesstowatersedgecreatesanewsmallerscaleofinteraction.

SCALESOFSPACE

Proportionsandrelationshipsbetweendifferentlandscapeelementsaffordspotentialsforinteractionatdifferentscales.

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45 Wyndrum Avenue

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY D

Location: Between 41 Riverside Drive and 14 Hamerton Street.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4

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PUBLICREALM

PRIVATEREALM

Publicspacehasavisualonlyrelationshipwiththestream.Theenvironmentisopenononesidetopublicspaceandtheprivaterealmontheothercreatingasenseofcommunitythroughacomfortablebalancebetweenthetworealms.

Senseofcommunityiscreatedbyprivatespaceopeningtothepublicenvironment.

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4 Balgownie Grove

Section Cut

TYPOLOGY E

Location: Between Hamerton Street Bridge (near 14 Hamerton Street) and 50 Waddington Drive.Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4

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PUBLICREALM

PRIVATEREALM

Abilityforneighbourstooseeoverfencecreatesalevelofsecurity.

Densevegetationallowsthespacetobecomecollectiveasabalancebetweenpublicandprivatespaceiscreated.

Asenseofcommunityiscreatedinthepublicspaceduetoanoverlookingofthepublicspacebyaprivaterealm.

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TYPOLOGY F

Location: Between 50 Waddington Drive and the end of the study area (near 232 Naenae Road).Plan Scale: 1:400 @ A3, 1:800 @ A4Section Scale: 1:150 @ A3, 1:300 @ A4

33 Shearer Crescent

Section Cut

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PUBLICREALM

PRIVATEREALM

Thepublicandprivateinterfaceisblockedbyfences.Thesedon’tallowenvironmentstointeractorinfluenceoneanother.Stiflingopportunitiesfor

newscalesofspace.

Concretechannelcreatesanenvironmentforpeopletomovealongandinteractwithboththestreamand

otherwalkers.

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4.0STUDY CONCLUSIONS

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CONCLUSIONS

KEY PRINCIPLES OF SPACE

This piece of research searched for discoveries about stream environments and their relationship with the people within them, simultaneously it searched for methods to represent these environments at a detail that was at a scale of tangibility. Below are three principals of space that were discovered:

Scales of SpaceSpace is defined by scales, many stream environments become simplified down to one large scale of environment. These spatial environments are not tangible for more intimate meetings and interactions with the environment and people within them. When a space incorporates many scales of space in one environment the potential of interactions is much higher.

Interacting RealmsPublic and private realms often are separated by hard fences or topography, when these territorial boundaries are broken down a mutualistic relationship is formed. These influence create new scales of space, a stronger character of space and a sense of communal relationships.

Public-Private Balance/HarmonyBoth public and private realms hold certain affordance values to people in the landscape, as the dominance of one of these realms is established the space changes (e.g. privacy, sense of community etcetera). When there is an equal balance of both environments the greatest sense of being part of a community is established.

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Spatial Understandings

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