SPATIAL ORGANSATION IN HOSPITAL DESIGN

Types of Spaces

There are 4 main categories of spaces in a hospital building which can be categorized as:

• OPD

• IPD

• LABORATORIES

• SERVICES

source: https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/ce/5e/40/ce5e40725009786296cacf406dffcf00.jpg

Basic Spatial Organisation in any Hospital

Source: Neufert’sArchitectural Data

Area Requirements for Standard Hospital

Source: Neufert’sArchitectural Data

Examples for Administration Department

50 bed hospital, total area = 214 m2

OUT-PATIENT DEPARTMENT

• OPD (outpatient department) is the hospital department where patients receive diagnoses and/or treatment but do not stay overnight.

• An outpatient is a patient who is hospitalized for less than 24 hours.

• Treatment provided in this fashion is called ambulatory care.

source: http://www.worldhealthdesign.com/uploaded/image/Scientific-Review/July-09/Inpatient-Units/Figure-4_new1.jpg

Parts and Components of the Division

• Consultation room• Examination room• Treatment room• Waiting area• Staff room• WCs

Planning Consideration

• SEPARATE ENTRANCE

• EASILY ACCESIBLE

• SHOULD HAVE APPROACH FROM MAIN ROAD

• ADJACENT TO SUPPORTIVE FACILITIES X-RAY LABORATORY

• AMINABLE FOR EXPANSION

Location

• Very close to the main entrance of the hospital.

• Close to the diagnostic services (labs and x-ray).

• Close the pharmacy.

IN-PATIENT DEPARTMENT

• An inpatient is "admitted" to the hospital and stays overnight or for an indeterminate time.

• Treatment provided in this fashion is called inpatient care.

Parts and Components of the Division

• Entrance• Storage• Preparation room• Access area• Staff clothes room + WCs• Operation theatre• Cleanup room• Sub sterilizing room• Supervision room• Staff lockers

Planning Consideration

• The ratios and calculations for hospital planning and designing process is based upon the number of beds in IPD.

• Medical and nursing care • Provision for essential

equipments• Drugs and other materials

required for patient care• Education training and

research facility• Visitor facility

Location

• Very close to the intensive care division and should be touchable both of them.

• Very close to the central sterilization division of the hospital.

• Close to the inpatient wards.

• Can be easily accessible from the emergency division.

LABORATORIES• A medical laboratory or clinical

laboratory is a laboratory where tests are usually done on clinical specimens in order to obtain information about the health of a patient as pertaining to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.

• There are mainly three types of Medical Laboratories as per the types of investigations:• Clinical Pathology: Haematology,

Histopathology, Cytology, Routine Pathology• Clinical Microbiology: Bacteriology,

Microbacteriology, Virology, Mycology, Parasitology, Immunology, Serology

• Clinical Biochemistry laboratories: Biochemical analysis, Hormonal assays

• Blood Bank is a separate body. Source: http://www.cytojournal.com/articles/2013/10/1/images/

CytoJournal_2013_10_1_3_107983_f2.jpg

Parts and Components of the Division

• Work area

• Waiting area

• Sample room

• Cleaning room

• Staff offices

Source: https://d3pxppq3195xue.cloudfront.net/media/images/13/01/08/NCH-RBIII_Render-LAB_Labeled_720x405.jpg

Location

• Very close to the emergency department and external clinics.

• Easily accessible from internal division.

• Easily accessible from maternity and surgery departments.

• Accessibility from central storages.

FUNCTIONAL AREASo, we can conclude that functional areas of any hospital can be broadly categorized in 11 categories:

CARE• INTENSIVE CARE • SPECIAL CARE• NORMAL CAREEXAMINATION AND TREATMENT• SURGERY• RECOVERY AREA• REHABILITATION• PHYSIOTHERAPY• DIAGNOSIS• LABORATORES• CENTRAL RECEPTION AND

TREATMENT• DELIVERY• SPECIALIST DEPRTMENTS

• RESEARCH

• PATHOLOGY

• TEACHING AND TRAINING

• SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION

• LIBRARY AND FILES

• SPECIAL INTER DISCIPLINARY FACILITIES

• BLOOD BANK

• EMERGENCY SERVICES

• ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT

• CENTRAL ADMINISTRATION

• PATIENT RECEPTION

• HOUSE KEEPING

• STAFF CHANGING ROOM

• CANTEEN

• SHOP

• OTHER PATIENT FACILITIES

• SUPPLY AND DISPOSAL• FOOD PROVISION• CENTRAL STORE• CENTRAL STERILIZATION • PHARMACY• LAUNDARY• BED CLEANING• WASTE DISPOSAL• TRANSPORT SERVICE

• OTHER FUNCTIONS• CLEANING SERVICES• MAINTENANCE

Thank You!