SPARTANS VS. ATHENS

Reported By: Bea Joy Lorraine A. Arcenio

III-9 BSE History

Philippine Normal University

776 B.C.E.•First Olympic Games happened.

EXPANSION OF THE GREEK WORLD

•From the Middle of the 8th century B.C.E. until 6th century B.C.E., the Greeks vastly expanded the territory, they controlled their wealth and contacts with people.

MAGNA GRAECIAMeans “GREAT GREECE” by ROMANS

THE MAJOR STATES

(Sparta and Athens)

725 B.C.E.• FIRST MESSENIAN WAR• WAR BETWEEN SPARTA AND MESSENIA• REASONS: PRESSURE OF POPULATION AND LAND

HUNGER• RESULT: SPARTA WON• BENEFIT: LAND OF MESSENIA

650 B.C.E.• SECOND MESSENIAN WAR

• WAR BETWEEN SPARTA AND MESSENIA

• REASON: HELOTS REBELLED WITH ARGONS AND OTHER PELOPONESIAN CITIES

• RESULT: MESSENIA WON

• BENEFIT: ABANDONING THE CONTROL OF SPARTA TO MESSENIA

SPARTA, THE MILITARY CITY

BELIEF AND CULTURE

•Considered itself as protector of Greek

SPARTANS SOCIETY

•EDUCATION: NOT OPEN TO EDUCATION

•MILITARY STRENGTH AND OBEDIENCE

MALE SPARTANS

SPARTAN’S AGE TASKS

BIRTH Officials of the state control and owned them

SEVEN YEARS OF AGE Trained in athletics and the military arts and taught to endure privation, to bear

physical pain

TWENTY YEARS OF AGE

Enrolled in army

THIRTY YEARS OF AGE Became full citizen. Marriage was permitted

SIXTY YEARS OF AGE Spartan can stop working as an Spartan army

WOMEN SPARTANS

•Could own property•Free of all chores•Stronger•More on gymnastics

SPARTAN GOVERNMENT•The constitution was mixed.

MONARCHYOLIGARCHYDEMOCRACY

MONARCHY:

•RULED BY KINGS•Two kings with equal powers•Elected for life

OLIGARCHY

•Represented by council of elders consisting of twenty-eight men over age of sixty

DEMOCRACY

• Spartan assembly consisted of all males over thirty.• Final authority• Their function is to ratify decisions already taken or to

decide

ECONOMY

•Sparta was mainly an agricultural land because of its inland location

ATHENS

BELIEF AND CULTURE

•Wanted to control more and more land.

ATHENS SOCIETY•Education:Boys:not for military areagood education

ATHEN GOVERNMENT

• (picture)

7TH CENTURY

•Athens was typical aristocratic rule•No written law•Areopagus, governed the state, council of nobles

632 B.C.E.

•Draco was given special authority to codify and publish laws.•Laws were written on blood.

594 B.C.E•Solon as archon, changed the law.•“shaking off of burdens”•Economic action•Left Athens and went to Egypt

508 B.C.E.•Cleisthenes I, introduce INSOMIA, EQUAL LAWS

• He made the DEME• Purely political unit that elected its

own officers in every tribe.

5000-6000 men

500 MEN

50 MEN 50 MEN

50 MEN 50 MEN

50 MEN

50 MEN

50 MEN

50 MEN

50 MEN

50 MEN

•10 GENERALS WERE ELECTED DUE TO EXPERIENCE•“LOT” VOTING•Ekklesia, Athenians Assembly

Founder of Democracy

ECONOMY

•More on trading