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Space Life SciencesExploring Space | Enhancing Life
Dreams and Possibilities: Planning for the Achievable
Human Exploration Strategy – Extend and Sustain Human Activities Across the Solar SystemMarch 28, 2012
Jeffrey R. Davis, MDDirector, Space Life Sciences, NASA
50th Robert H. Goddard Memorial Symposium
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Strategic Initiatives
• 2007 SLSD Strategic Plan
– Mission Statement“To optimize human health and productivity for space exploration“
– Vision Statement"To become the recognized world leader in human health, performance and productivity for space exploration”
– Strategic Goalso Manage balanced internal/external portfolioo Drive health innovationso Drive human system integration innovationso Educate and inspire
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Strategic Initiatives
• Summary• Visioning exercise and strategic plan• Alliances benchmark 2008-2010• HBS collaborative innovation models and
collaborative projects 2008-2010 • Open innovation pilot project 2008-2010• Virtual center for collaboration established 2010:
NASA Human Health and Performance center• Pursue collaborative research models 2011• Develop Strategic Framework for Innovation
2011
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Portfolio Definition
• Human System risks for space flight (our portfolio of work)• Evidence based risk management system
• 65 human system risks• Human System Risk Board formed April 2008 –integrates
research and operations—decisions made by one entity
• Developed Risk Management Analysis Tool (RMAT)• Captures vertical “standards to deliverables” process• Links risks for common elements
• Subject matter experts (risk owners) identify gaps in their research and technology portfolio
• Gaps became opportunities for open collaborative solutions
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Portfolio Analysis
• Portfolio mapping – Dr. Gary Pisano, Harvard Business School (HBS)
• “Which Kind of Collaboration is Right for You” – Harvard Business Review, December 2008
• Workshop conducted by Dr. Pisano with NASA – Wyle leadership team July 2009
• Analyzed 12 gaps for collaborative opportunity, those that mapped to open innovation quadrant selected for pilot projects
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Portfolio Analysis: Mapping - Models of Collaboration
From Gary Pisano, Harvard Business School
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Internal innovation – “elite circle”
• Internal innovation projects
• Procure and adapt – retinal camera example
• New development – intravenous fluid from potable water
• Modified technology – colorimetric water analysis (formerly a device to evaluate paint color)
• Air quality – adapt a commercial device for another purpose
Space Life SciencesExploring Space | Enhancing Life
Remote Eye ImagingPreflight PostflightDiscovery of changes in eyes
prompted the need for remote eye imaging on ISS as soon as possible
Found solution from aWisconsin Optometrist who hadinvented a remote camera for an ophthalmoscope for use with hispatients on remote islands
New scope was flown withinweeks and successfully began monitoring changes in the eye.
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Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK)
• Silver(I) and iodine are biocides in spacecraft drinking water storage and distribution systems
• U.S. Water Recovery System uses Iodineo Low iodine levels allow microbial growtho Long term consumption of high I2 levels can cause thyroid dysfunction
• ISS Russian segment uses Silver (Ag+)o Long-term consumption of high silver levels can cause Argyria (irreversible blue-
gray discoloration of the skin)
• Current biocide monitoring approach relies on archive samples which are collected in-flight, stored, then returned to ground and analyzed at JSC. Issues:o Techniques and/or hardware not in-flight deployableo Biocide levels subject to sample degradation during storage and transport
Hardware Description
• Solution is a simple, compact, hand-held device that reliably and rapidly measures key water quality indicators in-flight
• Water sample is passed through membrane cartridge resulting in color change on membrane surface in the presence of silver or iodine
• Commercially available Diffuse Reflectance Spectrophotometer (DRS) measures magnitude of color change, which is proportional to the amount of analyte present in sample volume
• CSPE water quality monitoring kit was delivered to ISS on STS 128/17A
CWQMK utilizes Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction (CSPE) technology to protect crew health by providing the capability to perform in-flight measurements of iodine and silver levels in spacecraft potable water systems
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Exploration Medical Capability
IntraVenous fluid GENeration for exploration (IVGEN)
PRODUCE USP GRADE 0.9% NORMAL SALINE FROM IN SITU RESOURCES
• IV fluid required to respond to medical contingencies
• Filter to generate fluid incurs a smaller mass and volume cost than the actual fluid
• System based on deionization and sterilizing filters
FLIGHT TEST: MAY 4-7, 2010
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Open Innovation
• Open innovation and collaboration– four pilot projects
• InnoCentive- posts individual challenges/gaps to their established network of solvers (~300,000)
• financial award if the solution is found viable by the posting entity
• Yet2.com- acts as an actual technology scout bringing together buyers and sellers of technologies
• Option to develop partnerships
• TopCoder - open innovation software company with a large network of solvers (~300,000)
• variety of skill-based software coding competitions
• NASA@work-internal collaboration platform leveraging expertise found across NASA’s 10 centers
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INNOCENTIVE
Space Life SciencesExploring Space | Enhancing Life
NASA Pavilion on InnoCentive
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Global Appeal-
2900 solvers80 Countries
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InnoCentive Pilot Results
Challenge Title Ctr Posted Deadline ProjRms Sub Award
DateAward
Amount
Improved Barrier Layers … Keeping Food Fresh in Space
JSC - SLSD 12/18/2009 2/28/2010 174 22 5/7/2010 $11,000
Mechanism for a Compact Aerobic Resistive Exercise Device
JSC - SLSD 12/18/2009 2/28/2010 564 95 5/14/2010 $20,000
Data-Driven Forecasting of Solar Events
JSC - SLSD 12/22/2009 3/22/2010 579 11 5/13/2010 $30,000
Coordination of Sensor Swarms for Extraterrestrial Research
LRC 2/27/2010 4/26/2010 423 37 6/4/2010 $18,000 (3)
Medical Consumables Tracking GRC 5/17/2010 7/27/2010 365 56 10/28/2010 $15,000 (3)
Augmenting the Exercise Experience
JSC - SLSD 5/27/2010 7/27/2010 229 18 9/20/2010 $10,000
Simple Microgravity Laundry System
JSC - EA 5/27/2010 7/27/2010 598 108 9/21/2010 $7,500
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yet2.com
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yet2.com Pilot ResultsTechnical Need No. of total
replies/leadsNo. of hits (initial interest)
Active leads
Bone Density Measurement 51 793 5
Monitoring of Water and Biocides
61 2003 8
Radioprotectants 28 475 6
Exoterrestrial Life Differentiation
31 1596 1
Food Packaging/Protection 29 173 5
Portable Imaging 34 581 5
Space Life SciencesExploring Space | Enhancing Life 17Page 17
Yet2.com example: Bone Imaging
Germany 6
Austria 1
Japan 7
Canada 1
France 6
Israel 1
Australia 3
Belgium 1
UK 5
Switzerland 4
Sweden 1
USA 15
Total 51
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NASA@work
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TopCoder Experience
• Opportunity presented to NASA by Harvard Business School
• Research project to compare outcomes of collaborative and competitive teams
• NASA provided the problem statement • Optimize algorithm that supports medical kit design
• Competition began on 11/04/2009 and lasted approximately 10 days
• 2800 solutions were submitted by 480 individuals
• Useful algorithm developed and incorporated into NASA model
• Team felt this process was more efficient than internal development
• Next steps – NASA Tournament Lab with HBS and TopCoder developed to seek many novel optimization algorithms for ISS
Space Life SciencesExploring Space | Enhancing Life
What is……..
What is……..
What is NASA Tournament Lab?
Create novel, high quality working software for algorithmic / computational Challenges
Contribute towards the development of empirically validated science
of innovation tournaments
Utilize the principles of distributed innovation to allow participants worldwide to contribute to solving mission challenges by developing innovative computational algorithms.
1 2
Two Objectives –
Operational Virtual Facility developed between NASA, Harvard, and TopCoder
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NASA Human Health and Performance Center
• Membership– 110 members: http://nhhpc.nasa.gov– Seven NASA Centers– International Space Station partners: JAXA, DLR – Government orgs: FAA, GSA, USAF Research Labs, two NIH Centers, FDA,
USAID, ONR– Academia: FAA COE (Stanford), MIT, UTMB, Tufts, Clemson– Corporate: Philips, Johnson & Johnson, Procter & Gamble, General Mills,
Nike, GE, PepsiCo, InnoCentive, Yet2.com, Cazneau, Pitney Bowes, UnitedHealth Group, Kimberly-Clark
– Nonprofits: Mozilla, Southwest Research Institute, The National Center for Human Performance, San Diego Zoo, Draper Lab, Prize4Life
• Second Workshop: Connecting Through Collaboration – October 18, 2011
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COECI
• Form Center of Excellence for Collaborative Innovation November 1, 2011– Organized to develop prizes for innovation and
other collaborative techniques– Located in the Human Exploration and Operations
Mission Directorate (HEOMD) – J Crusan, J Davis• Staffed by JSC Space Life Sciences personnel – NASA and
Wyle
– For all federal agencies; opportunity to expand into public-private partnerships