IMPORTANCE OF SPACE EXPLORATION

NAME : A.FATHIMA RUSMA &

A.A.FATHIMA NUSKIYA

GRADE : TEN (10)SCHOOL : KM/AL-MAZHAR GIRLS

HIGH SCHOOL NINTAVUR.

HAVE YOU HEARD ABOUT UNLIMITED

SPACE?

We will present a useful knowledge to you about space exploration

SPACE EXPLORATION

Evaluation of space travel Historical Background Modern Background Artificial Satellites Space exploration with men Apollo project Saturn v Rockets Space shuttles Space laboratories

CONTENT

Evaluation of Space Travel

Space is unlimited nobody can revel what is there and how much is there, but man has continued to explore the space from the distant past.

Space science is one of the field originated through man’s discoveries.

Historical Background Since ancient times man was curious to know about the

atmosphere above the earth, and the outer space Sir Isaac Newton put forward the laws of motion in 1684

A.D. The third law says “Every action has an equal and opposite reaction”. Rocket work according to this principle

Russian rocket scientist Constantine sialkoversky stated in 1895 A.D. that the only way to overcome the gravitational force and escape into outer space is by a rocket.

On 17th July 1929 Dr.Robbert Goddard sent up a weather rocket containing a barometer, a camera, a thermometer and was able to bring it back to earth using a parachute.

Modern Background ARTIFICAL SATELLITES Launching of the satellite, sputnik I

successfully to orbit around the earth on 4th October 1957 by Soviet Russia. This incident moved the word into a space age.

Rockets are used in three stages in launching this type of satellite Liquid fuel is used in these Rockets.

On 3rd November 1957, Russia launched the satellite, Sputnik II.

The first living being that went to outer space was a female dog named “LAIKA”.

IN 1930 A.D. GROUP OF STUDENT WHO WERE INTERESTED IN SPACE EXPLORATION, ESTABLISHED THE “AMERICAN AERO SCIENCE AND SPACE SCIENCE INSTITUTION”.

IN 1940 A.D. GROUP OF ENGINEERS LED BY A SOVIET ENGINEER, SERGE CORAL SENT UP A ROCKET WITH MEN FOR THE FIRST TIME.

“AIROBIO9” WAS SENT UP IN 1951 WITH A CHIMPANZEE AND ELEVEN MICE.

AMERICA LAUNCHED THE ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES “EXPLORER” AND “VANGUARD” IN 1958 TO OBIT AROUND THE EARTH.

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Institution was established n 1st October 1958 by America.

SPACE EXPLORATION WITH MEN

On 8th May 1961 Soviet Russia launched the satellite Vostock- 1 with a man in it.

The first man to travel into outer space was Yuri Gagarin.

THE FIRST AMERICAN WHO TRAVELLED INTO ULITER SPACE WAS ALLEN SHEPHERD DURING THE SAME YEAR.

APOLLO PROJECT Apollo project was launched on 27th January

1967 by NASA in AmericaThrough this satellites Apollo 1 to 17 were

launchedNeil Armstrong was the first person to step

on the moon the other astronauts who participated in this were Edwin Alfred and Michael Collins

In satellites , Apollo 12,14,15,16 and 17 two astronauts each landed on the moon Apollo 13wasbrought back to the earth due to a technical defect

SATURN V ROCKETS The rockets used for Apollo Project were

named as Saturn V.Fuel used in these Rockets were liquid

hydrogen, liquid oxygen, petrol, kerosene oil or alcohol.

To pressurize the above fuels to the ignition chamber inactive gases like Helium and Neon were used.

SPACE LABAROTORIES

The man was forced to invent space shuttle as rockets cannot be re-used.

They land on the earth like an aero plane.In these people and goods can be taken

to outer space.Serene people can be taken in a space

shuttle at a time.A shuttle can research a distance of

35880 KM above the earth.

LIQUID OXYGEN LIQUID AND LIQUID HYDROGEN ARE STORE IN THE SHUTTLE AS

FUEL .

Its space is between 335 and 220KM per hour on reaching the earth.

A space shuttle has the facilities as in a ordinary house.

Colombia and Challenger and discovery are some of these space shuttle.

SPACE LABAROTORIES

The first laboratory was launched on 16th August 1979 by a space shuttle.

In this type of a laboratory, life saving equipment and at a processing equipment re found in one compartment and the other is laboratory

Three similar laboratories have been launched so far

THE FIRST SPACE LABORATORY HAS CONDUCTED ABOUT 50 EXPERIMENTS, THE SECOND DID EXPERIMENTS ON ASTRONOMICAL DATA AND WEATHER CONDITIONS WHILE THE THIRD SPACELABORATORY PERFORMED DIFFERENT

EXPERIMENTS ON SPACE.

A similar laboratory has been sent to the space station launched recently .

VOYAGER SPACE SHIPS

NASA in America has launched voyager I on 20th of August 1977 and voyager II 5th of September 1977.

Voyager II has orbited the planet Neptune on 25th of August 1929.It took 12 years for the voyager II to pass by Neptune

QUITIONS.

a) Which incident led to the beginning of space age? When did this happen? Launching of satellite, sputnik 1 successfully to orbit around the earth on 4th October 1957 by Russia was incident led to the beginning of space age.

b) Who is the scientist who put forward the laws relevant to the motion of rocket? Sir Isaac Newton.

c) Who is the first man who travel into outer space? Yuri Gagarin.

d) When was started the NASA ? On 1st October 1958.

e) Give the names of three space shuttles? Colombia , Challenger and Discovery are there.

REFERENCE:

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYGRADE- NINE (09)

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Space Exploration