Space Boot Camp – Part 2

5.8D:Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun,

Earth and Moon.

MS ?’s start on #55

35. Why does the moon’s surface have more craters from meteorite strikes than the Earth’s surface?

A The moon has little or no atmosphere, so the meteorites reach its surface without burning up.

B The moon has a stronger gravitational pull than the Earth, so more meteorites strike there.

C Heat from the greenhouse effect on the Earth’s surface pushes the meteorites back into space.

D The Earth has many more buildings, trees, and other objects to block the path of any

meteorites.

35. Why does the moon’s surface have more craters from meteorite strikes than the Earth’s surface?

A The moon has little or no atmosphere, so the meteorites reach its surface without burning up.

B The moon has a stronger gravitational pull than the Earth, so more meteorites strike there.

C Heat from the greenhouse effect on the Earth’s surface pushes the meteorites back into space.

D The Earth has many more buildings, trees, and other objects to block the path of any

meteorites.

36. Astronauts weigh more on Earth than they do on the moon because—

A they have less mass on the moon.B their density decreases on the moon.C the moon has less gravity than Earth.D the moon has less friction than Earth.

36. Astronauts weigh more on Earth than they do on the moon because—

A they have less mass on the moon.B their density decreases on the moon.C the moon has less gravity than Earth.D the moon has less friction than Earth.

37. The moon has no light of its own, yet we see it shining in the night sky. How is this possible?

A Earth reflects light from the moon.B The moon reflects light from the sun.C Heat on the moon’s surface glows in the

night sky.D There are no clouds above the surface of

the moon.

37. The moon has no light of its own, yet we see it shining in the night sky. How is this possible?

A Earth reflects light from the moon.B The moon reflects light from the sun.C Heat on the moon’s surface glows in the

night sky.D There are no clouds above the surface of

the moon.

38. Compared to most stars and planets, our moon is relatively small. Why does the moon appear larger than most planets or stars?

A The moon is larger than most stars or planets.B The Earth is tilted on its axis toward the moon.C The planets and stars are larger than the moon.D The moon is closer to the Earth than the stars

or planets.

38. Compared to most stars and planets, our moon is relatively small. Why does the moon appear larger than most planets or stars?

A The moon is larger than most stars or planets.B The Earth is tilted on its axis toward the moon.C The planets and stars are larger than the moon.D The moon is closer to the Earth than the stars

or planets.

39. Which of the following describes a feature that is shared by Earth and the Moon?

A They have nearly the same atmosphere. B They have almost the same gravitational pull. C They have a rocky crust that includes mountains. D They have areas that show considerable water.

39. Which of the following describes a feature that is shared by Earth and the Moon?

A They have nearly the same atmosphere. B They have almost the same gravitational pull. C They have a rocky crust that includes mountains. D They have areas that show considerable water.

40. How would the measurable properties of a golf ball change if it were moved from Earth to the Moon?

A It would have the same mass, but a different weight.

B It would have the same weight, but a different mass.

C It would have the same density, but a different mass.

D It would have the same mass, but a different density.

40. How would the measurable properties of a golf ball change if it were moved from Earth to the Moon?

A It would have the same mass, but a different weight.

B It would have the same weight, but a different mass.

C It would have the same density, but a different mass.

D It would have the same mass, but a different density.

41. A scientist used a telescope to look at the moon. She saw large, round, dark areas on the Moon’s surface. Which of the following did she MOST LIKELY see?

A PlainsB ValleysC CratersD Oceans

41. A scientist used a telescope to look at the moon. She saw large, round, dark areas on the Moon’s surface. Which of the following did she MOST LIKELY see?

A PlainsB ValleysC CratersD Oceans

42. Which of the landforms listed below is found on the Earth, but NOT on the moon?

A MountainsB Impact cratersC Active volcanoesD Plains

42. Which of the landforms listed below is found on the Earth, but NOT on the moon?

A MountainsB Impact cratersC Active volcanoesD Plains

43. Why can we see stars at night and not during the day?

A There are no stars in the sky during the day.B The stars do not give off any light during the

day.C The stars give off light during the day and by

the time it reaches us, it is night.D The bright light of the Sun blocks out the light

of other stars.

43. Why can we see stars at night and not during the day?

A There are no stars in the sky during the day.B The stars do not give off any light during the

day.C The stars give off light during the day and by

the time it reaches us, it is night.D The bright light of the Sun blocks out the light

of other stars.

True of False:

44. The moon orbits around the sun in about 29.5 days/1 month.

True of False:

44. FALSE – moon orbits around the EARTH every 29.5 days/1 month

True of False:

45. Seasons on Earth are caused by the phases of the moon.

True of False:

45. FALSE – seasons are caused by the tilting of Earth

True of False:

46. Only one side of the moon is visible from the Earth.

True of False:

46. TRUE

True of False:

47. The moon has no light of its own—it reflects light from the Earth

True of False:

47. FALSE – the moon reflects light from the SUN

True of False:

48. The moon rotates on an axis as it revolves around the Earth.

True of False:

48. TRUE

True of False:

49. There is less gravity on the moon than on the Earth.

True of False:

49. TRUE

True of False:

50. There are mountains, hills and plains on the moon.

True of False:

50. TRUE

True of False:

51. It takes the moon about 29 days to orbit around the Earth.

True of False:

51. TRUE

52. Astronauts walking on the moon must wear helmets. What is different about the helmets on the moon?

A MassB ColorC WeightD Shape

53. Why are there no clouds on the moon? There is—

A no liquid water on the moonB no solar energy on the moonC no living things on the moonD no gravity on the moon

53. Why are there no clouds on the moon? There is—

A no liquid water on the moonB no solar energy on the moonC no living things on the moonD no gravity on the moon

54. Why do you see more impact craters on the moon’s surface than on the Earth’s surface?

A The moon is hit by more meteors since it is further out in space than Earth.B Meteors hitting the moon make deeper craters

than meteors hitting Earth.C The moon’s soil is softer than Earth’s, so the

craters are deeper.D Weathering and erosion smoothed out many

craters on the Earth’s surface.

54. Why do you see more impact craters on the moon’s surface than on the Earth’s surface?

A The moon is hit by more meteors since it is further out in space than Earth.B Meteors hitting the moon make deeper craters

than meteors hitting Earth.C The moon’s soil is softer than Earth’s, so the

craters are deeper.D Weathering and erosion smoothed out many

craters on the Earth’s surface.

55. Studies of the surface of the moon increased with Galileo’s invention of the –

A. microscopeB. telescopeC. cameraD. computer

55. Studies of the surface of the moon increased with Galileo’s invention of the –

A. microscopeB. telescopeC. cameraD. computer

56. While Earth is characterized as possessing an atmosphere with the ability to produce winds, the moon is characterized as –

A. having only a very thin atmosphereB. Possessing large bodies of liquid waterC. lacking surface dustD. possessing an atmosphere with large amounts of oxygen

56. While Earth is characterized as possessing an atmosphere with the ability to produce winds, the moon is characterized as –

A. having only a very thin atmosphereB. Possessing large bodies of liquid waterC. lacking surface dustD. possessing an atmosphere with large amounts of oxygen

57. Students know there are patterns in the natural world. One of these patterns is the relationship between the Sun, Earth, and Moon. Which of the following correctly explains the relationship of the Earth, Moon, and Sun?

A. Earth revolves around the Moon as Earth revolves around the Sun.

B. The Sun revolves around Earth as the Moon revolves around Earth.

C. The Moon revolves around Earth as Earth revolves around the Sun.

D. Earth revolves around the Moon as the Sun revolves around Earth.

57. Students know there are patterns in the natural world. One of these patterns is the relationship between the Sun, Earth, and Moon. Which of the following correctly explains the relationship of the Earth, Moon, and Sun?

A. Earth revolves around the Moon as Earth revolves around the Sun.

B. The Sun revolves around Earth as the Moon revolves around Earth.

C. The Moon revolves around Earth as Earth revolves around the Sun.

D. Earth revolves around the Moon as the Sun revolves around Earth.

58. Which of the following pairs could be classified as surface landscape for Earth but could NOT be classified as surface landscape for the moon?

A. Rocks, cratersB. Trees, dustC. Mountains, cratersD. Craters, dust

58. Which of the following pairs could be classified as surface landscape for Earth but could NOT be classified as surface landscape for the moon?

A. Rocks, cratersB. Trees, dustC. Mountains, cratersD. Craters, dust

59. The surfaces of the Earth, Moon, and Sun are described as having different physical characteristics. How is the Sun different from the Earth and Moon?

A. The Sun has no gravity.B. The Sun is a solid.C. The Sun does not produce its own heat.D. The Sun is capable of producing its own light.

59. The surfaces of the Earth, Moon, and Sun are described as having different physical characteristics. How is the Sun different from the Earth and Moon?

A. The Sun has no gravity.B. The Sun is a solid.C. The Sun does not produce its own heat.D. The Sun is capable of producing its own light.

60. We know that Earth consists of different layers. The Sun also has layers, but unlike Earth, the Sun is entirely –

A. SolidB. GasC. Melted rockD. Liquid

60. We know that Earth consists of different layers. The Sun also has layers, but unlike Earth, the Sun is entirely –

A. SolidB. GasC. Melted rockD. Liquid

61. Earth is like the Moon in many ways. One way the Moon is different from Earth is –

A. There is no weather on the MoonB. There are no craters on EarthC. There is no weather on EarthD. There is more gravity on the Moon

61. Earth is like the Moon in many ways. One way the Moon is different from Earth is –

A. There is no weather on the MoonB. There are no craters on EarthC. There is no weather on EarthD. There is more gravity on the Moon

62. All of the following are characteristics of both Earth and the Moon except –

A. Solid rocksB. CratersC. OceansD. Gravity

62. All of the following are characteristics of both Earth and the Moon except –

A. Solid rocksB. CratersC. OceansD. Gravity

63. Which layer of the Sun shown below is also a layer of Earth?

A. CoronaB. Convection zoneC. Radiative zoneD. Core

63. Which layer of the Sun shown below is also a layer of Earth?

A. CoronaB. Convection zoneC. Radiative zoneD. Core

64. Which statement does NOT correctly describe the Moon and Earth?

A. They both have craters, mountains, and plains.B. They both have gravity.C. They both can sustain life.D. They both rotate and revolve.

64. Which statement does NOT correctly describe the Moon and Earth?

A. They both have craters, mountains, and plains.B. They both have gravity.C. They both can sustain life.D. They both rotate and revolve.

64. Scientist who study the Sun are called astronomers. Our Sun gives us light, heat, and energy. Without the Sun, life on Earth would not exist. The sun is a normal star, but it is much closer to us than any other star. By studying the Sun we can learn more about –

A. Other planetsB. Other asteroidsC. Other starsD. Other satellites

64. Scientist who study the Sun are called astronomers. Our Sun gives us light, heat, and energy. Without the Sun, life on Earth would not exist. The sun is a normal star, but it is much closer to us than any other star. By studying the Sun we can learn more about –

A. Other planetsB. Other asteroidsC. Other starsD. Other satellites

65. The Sun and Earth are both constantly changing. Students researched and collected information to compare the Earth’s and Sun’s physical characteristics by observing detailed photographs of each on the Internet. Which of the following is a physical characteristic of the Sun but NOT of Earth?

A. SunspotsB. LayersC. AtmosphereD. Spherical shape

65. The Sun and Earth are both constantly changing. Students researched and collected information to compare the Earth’s and Sun’s physical characteristics by observing detailed photographs of each on the Internet. Which of the following is a physical characteristic of the Sun but NOT of Earth?

A. SunspotsB. LayersC. AtmosphereD. Spherical shape

65. An astronomer wrote several books on the effects of the Moon and Earth. He collected information by detailed observations over an extended period of time and then recorded his finding in a science journal. Which is the most important reason why a scientist would record the findings of a scientific investigation?

A. To provide evidence to support a conclusionB. To write a narrative encouraging people to visit the MoonC. To provide other scientists with interesting factsD. To encourage students to read about science

65. An astronomer wrote several books on the effects of the Moon and Earth. He collected information by detailed observations over an extended period of time and then recorded his finding in a science journal. Which is the most important reason why a scientist would record the findings of a scientific investigation?

A. To provide evidence to support a conclusionB. To write a narrative encouraging people to visit the MoonC. To provide other scientists with interesting factsD. To encourage students to read about science

66. Which of the following tools would be most useful for demonstrating and comparing characteristics of the Earth, Moon, and Sun?

A. MicroscopeB. Triple beam balanceC. TerrariumD. Model

66. Which of the following tools would be most useful for demonstrating and comparing characteristics of the Earth, Moon, and Sun?

A. MicroscopeB. Triple beam balanceC. TerrariumD. Model

66. Scale models are often used to compare the sizes of objects in space. Compared to the size of Earth, the Sun is 110 times bigger. Compared to Earth, the moon is 4 times smaller. Which combination of items should be used to make the closest scale model of Earth and Sun?

A. Beach ball and soccer ballB. Baseball and soccer ballC. Pea and soccer ballD. Basketball and soccer ball

66. Scale models are often used to compare the sizes of objects in space. Compared to the size of Earth, the Sun is 110 times bigger. Compared to Earth, the moon is 4 times smaller. Which combination of items should be used to make the closest scale model of Earth and Sun?

A. Beach ball and soccer ballB. Baseball and soccer ballC. Pea and soccer ballD. Basketball and soccer ball

67. Groups of students wrote comparisons about Earth, Moon, and Sun. Which comparison is correct?

A. #1B. #2C. #3D. #4

1 The Sun is made of molten metals. Earth is made of only metals. The moon is made of only solid rock.

2 The Sun has an atmosphere. The Moon does not have a viable atmosphere. Earth has an atmosphere.

3 The Sun has less gravity than the Moon and Earth. The Moon has more gravity than the Sun. Earth has more gravity than the Sun and Moon

4 The Sun is larger than Earth but smaller than the Moon. The Moon is smaller than Earth. Earth is larger than the Moon and Sun.

67. Groups of students wrote comparisons about Earth, Moon, and Sun. Which comparison is correct?

A. #1B. #2C. #3D. #4

1 The Sun is made of molten metals. Earth is made of only metals. The moon is made of only solid rock.

2 The Sun has an atmosphere. The Moon does not have a viable atmosphere. Earth has an atmosphere.

3 The Sun has less gravity than the Moon and Earth. The Moon has more gravity than the Sun. Earth has more gravity than the Sun and Moon

4 The Sun is larger than Earth but smaller than the Moon. The Moon is smaller than Earth. Earth is larger than the Moon and Sun.

66. Students designed an experiment to investigate how craters were formed on the Moon. The students put flour in a pan and covered the flour with a layer of cocoa powder. Then, students dropped the same size marbles from heights of 5 centimeters, 10 centimeters, and 20 centimeters. They measured the depth and width of each crater and recorded the data on a table. What was the independent variable of the investigation?

A. The amount of flourB. The cocoa powderC. The size of marbleD. The height from which the marbles were dropped.

66. Students designed an experiment to investigate how craters were formed on the Moon. The students put flour in a pan and covered the flour with a layer of cocoa powder. Then, students dropped the same size marbles from heights of 5 centimeters, 10 centimeters, and 20 centimeters. They measured the depth and width of each crater and recorded the data on a table. What was the independent variable of the investigation?

A. The amount of flourB. The cocoa powderC. The size of marbleD. The height from which the marbles were dropped.

67. According to the this information about moon rocks, you can conclude—

A. Moon rocks come in a variety of colorsB. Are easy to getC. Are valuableD. Are inexpensive

67. According to the this information about moon rocks, you can conclude—

A. Moon rocks come in a variety of colorsB. Are easy to getC. Are valuableD. Are inexpensive