Southeast AsiaSoutheast Asia

Physical Landscape and Physical Landscape and HistoryHistory

Countries:Countries:

1.1. MalaysiaMalaysia

2.2. BruneiBrunei

3.3. CambodiaCambodia

4.4. IndonesiaIndonesia

5.5. ThailandThailand

6.6. MyanmarMyanmar

7.7. VietnamVietnam

8.8. PhilippinesPhilippines

9.9. LaosLaos

10.10. SingaporeSingapore

Islands of Indonesia:Islands of Indonesia:1.1. CelebesCelebes

2. Java2. Java

3. E. Timor3. E. Timor

4. Bali4. Bali

5. Sumatra5. Sumatra

Two Major RegionsTwo Major Regions

1.1. MainlandMainland

2.2. IslandsIslands

1.1. MainlandMainland– A large peninsulaA large peninsula– 5 nations5 nations

• Myanmar (Burma)Myanmar (Burma)

• CambodiaCambodia

• LaosLaos

• ThailandThailand

• VietnamVietnam

Two Major RegionsTwo Major Regions

Two Major RegionsTwo Major Regions

1.1. MainlandMainland– MountainousMountainous– 4 large river systems4 large river systems

• Fertile farmland that supports a large Fertile farmland that supports a large populationpopulation

Fishing on the Mekong River

2.2. IslandsIslands– 5 nations5 nations

• MalaysiaMalaysia

• BruneiBrunei

• SingaporeSingapore

• IndonesiaIndonesia

• PhilippinesPhilippines

Two Major RegionsTwo Major Regions

Two Major RegionsTwo Major Regions

2.2. IslandsIslands– ArchipelagosArchipelagos: chain of islands: chain of islands

• Indonesia and the PhilippinesIndonesia and the Philippines

Indonesia

Philippines

Two Major RegionsTwo Major Regions

• IslandsIslands– The “The “Ring of FireRing of Fire”: a line of volcanoes ”: a line of volcanoes

around the Pacific Rimaround the Pacific Rim– Creates fertile soil near active Creates fertile soil near active

volcanoesvolcanoes

Two Major RegionsTwo Major Regions

• IslandsIslands– The “The “Ring of FireRing of Fire””

ClimateClimate

• SE Asia lies in the tropicsSE Asia lies in the tropics– Hot and humidHot and humid

• MonsoonsMonsoons

• TyphoonsTyphoons: hurricanes: hurricanes

Cultural DiversityCultural Diversity

• The mountains and islands have The mountains and islands have enabled the development of diverse enabled the development of diverse culturescultures

Cultural DiversityCultural Diversity• Example of diversity is Example of diversity is religionreligion::– AnimismAnimism: belief that spirits : belief that spirits

live in the natural worldlive in the natural world– HinduismHinduism: Indian traders : Indian traders

brought it to SE Asiabrought it to SE Asia– BuddhismBuddhism: in SE Asia it is : in SE Asia it is

usually a combination of usually a combination of Buddhism and animismBuddhism and animism

– – IslamIslam: Indonesia has one of the largest Islamic : Indonesia has one of the largest Islamic populations in the worldpopulations in the world– – ChristianityChristianity: missionaries still visit today, : missionaries still visit today, especially in the Philippinesespecially in the Philippines

EconomyEconomy

• FarmingFarming– Rice is the major food cropRice is the major food crop

• Fishing in coastal regions and islandsFishing in coastal regions and islands

Village and Family LifeVillage and Family Life

• Most people live Most people live in small, rural in small, rural villagesvillages

• In farming In farming families, every families, every family member family member has a jobhas a job– Population Population

pressurepressure

History of ConflictHistory of Conflict

• Was known as the “Dutch East Indies”Was known as the “Dutch East Indies”– Dutch were the first European imperial Dutch were the first European imperial

country to get a hold in SE Asiacountry to get a hold in SE Asia

• Imperialism Imperialism Nationalism Nationalism IndependenceIndependence

• VietnamVietnam– Ho Chi Min called for an independent, Ho Chi Min called for an independent,

communist Vietnamcommunist Vietnam– In 1954, split into North and South In 1954, split into North and South

VietnamVietnam•Communist NorthCommunist North

•Democratic SouthDemocratic South

History of ConflictHistory of Conflict

President of North Vietnam 1954-1969

• Vietnam War Vietnam War – Fearing the spread of Communism, the Fearing the spread of Communism, the

U.S. got involved (part of the Cold War)U.S. got involved (part of the Cold War)•Tried to stop North Vietnam from invading Tried to stop North Vietnam from invading

the Souththe South

– When the U.S. left, North When the U.S. left, North Vietnam reunited with Vietnam reunited with South Vietnam under the South Vietnam under the Communist governmentCommunist government

History of ConflictHistory of Conflict

• Vietnam WarVietnam War

• Evacuation of Saigon (Ho Chi Minh CiEvacuation of Saigon (Ho Chi Minh City)ty)

History of ConflictHistory of Conflict

• CambodiaCambodia– Khmer RougeKhmer Rouge: ruling party in Cambodia : ruling party in Cambodia

during the 1970sduring the 1970s•GenocideGenocide: deliberate killing of an entire : deliberate killing of an entire

group of people group of people – Killed those thought to Killed those thought to

be disloyal be disloyal

History of ConflictHistory of Conflict

History of ConflictHistory of Conflict

• ““The Killing Fields”The Killing Fields”

ReviewReview• Two major regions of SE Asia and Two major regions of SE Asia and

their countriestheir countries– Mainland and IslandsMainland and Islands

• ClimateClimate

• Cultural DiversityCultural Diversity

• EconomyEconomy

• A History of ConflictA History of Conflict– How Vietnam and Cambodia are How Vietnam and Cambodia are

examples.examples.

• VocabularyVocabulary•ArchipelagosArchipelagos

•Ring of FireRing of Fire

•TyphoonsTyphoons

•AnimismAnimism

•Khmer RougeKhmer Rouge

•GenocideGenocide

ReviewReview