South Western Australia Mallee Woodlands

Conservation Management Zones of AustraliaSouth Western Australia Mallee Woodlands

Prepared by the Department of the Environment

Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Mallee Woodlands

AcknowledgementsThis project and its associated products are the result of collaboration between the Department of the Environment’s Biodiversity Conservation Division and the Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN). Invaluable input, advice and support were provided by staff and leading researchers from across the Department of Environment (DotE), Department of Agriculture (DoA), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the academic community. We would particularly like to thank staff within the Wildlife, Heritage and Marine Division, Parks Australia and the Environment Assessment and Compliance Division of DotE; Nyree Stenekes and Robert Kancans (DoA), Sue McIntyre (CSIRO), Richard Hobbs (University of Western Australia), Michael Hutchinson (ANU); David Lindenmayer and Emma Burns (ANU); and Gilly Llewellyn, Martin Taylor and other staff from the World Wildlife Fund for their generosity and advice.

Special thanks to CSIRO researchers Kristen Williams and Simon Ferrier whose modelling of biodiversity patterns underpinned identification of the Conservation Management Zones of Australia.

Image CreditsFront Cover: Peak Charles National Park – Jo-Anne Blunn

Page 4: Peak Charles National Park – Jo-Anne Blunn

Page 7: Recherche Cape Barren Goose (Cereopsis novaehollandiae grisea) – Georgina Steytler

Page 10: Fat-tailed Dunnart (Sminthopsis crassicaudata) – Alan Couch

Page 14: Marbled Gecko (Christinus marmoratus) – Matt Clancy

Page 15: Peak Charles Drummondita (Drummondita longifolia) – Atlas of Living Australia

Page 17: Nuytsland Nature Reserve – Jo-Anne Blunn

Page 19: Short-billed Black-cockatoo, Carnaby’s Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus latirostris) – Ralph Green

2: Honey Possum (Tarsipes rostratus) feeding on a Banksia inflorescence – Ryan Ellis, WA Museum

Page 24: Spotted-thighed Frog (Litoria cyclorhyncha) – Mark Sanders, EcoSmart Ecology

Page 25: Mount Ragged, Cape Arid National Park – Tourism Western Australia

Page 26: Purple-crowned Lorikeet (Glossopsitta porphyrocephala) – Mark Sanders, EcoSmart Ecology

Page 27: Eucalyptus woodlands with a shrubby understorey – Murray Fagg

Page 28: Mallee with a dense shrubby understorey (Eucalyptus calycogona) – Brooker and Kleinig

Page 29: Mallee with an open shrubby understorey – Dean Nicolle

Back Cover: Peak Charles National Park – Jo-Anne Blunn

© Commonwealth of Australia, 2015.

The Conservation Management Zones of Australia profile is licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons By Attribution 3.0 Australia licence with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia, the logo of the agency responsible for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people.

For licence conditions see here.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/

Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Mallee Woodlands

Contents

Acknowledgement of Traditional Owners and Country ��2

Introduction ��2

Zone at a glance ��3

Population characteristics ��6

Employment, volunteering and incomes ��9

Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice ��11

Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas �� 13

Zone vegetation characteristics�� 14

Major National Reserve System properties �� 16

EPBC Act (1999) threatened ecological communities ��17

EPBC Act (1999) threatened species �� 18

EPBC Act (1999) migratory species �� 21

Threatened endemic species �� 22

Invasive species �� 24

Vegetation profiles and management recommendations �� 26

2 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, South Western Australia Mallee Woodlands

The Australian Government acknowledges Australia’s Traditional Owners and pays respect to Elders past and present of our nation’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities� We honour the deep spiritual, cultural and customary connections of Traditional Owners to the Australian landscape, including Australia’s waterways, land and sea country�

Introduction The 23 Conservation Management Zones of Australia are geographic areas, classified according to their ecological and threat characteristics. The zones are also aligned with the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation of Australia.

The Conservation Management Zones provide a way of understanding Australia’s natural environment that will assist in long-term conservation planning and help the Australian Government to better design, deliver and report on Natural Resource Management (NRM) investments, including ensuring alignment of national NRM priorities with local action.

The Conservation Management Zones also provide a filter through which to make national environmental and socio-economic data more accessible and comprehensible, and a framework for gathering on-ground knowledge and expertise about the environment. This will improve information flow to the Australian Government about regional NRM requirements, best practice management, emerging NRM issues and knowledge gaps.

The Conservation Management Zones do not represent any change to existing administrative boundaries or governance structures, but aim to support the NRM and wider community to cooperatively manage environmental assets across boundaries, where they share common threats, ecological characteristics and stakeholders.

Each Conservation Management Zone profile contains a standard suite of nationally available ecological and socio-economic information. We hope that this information will enable Australians of all ages and backgrounds to engage with, understand and appreciate Australian landscapes, and support all Australians to manage our natural resources more effectively.

The profile information provides an indicative, high-level stock-take of the environmental and socio-economic landscape and it is not intended to be comprehensive. It should also be noted that, at present, the profiles contain only limited information on aquatic ecosystems, coastal assets and Indigenous land management practices. In future, consultation and comprehensive literature reviews will enable us to provide more complete information.

Acknowledgement of Traditional Owners and Country


Zone at a glance

Area of zone: 3,415,839 hectares

% of Australia:

0.44%0.02 people per square kilometre

Population density:

Zone population characteristics

0

200

400

600

800

1,000391,450904

Tota

l

Engl

ish a

s a

seco

nd

lang

uage

Indi

geno

us

Ove

r 65

Yout

h (1

5–24

)

Num

ber o

f peo

ple

Zone employment characteristics

98.2%

UnemployedEmployed

1.8%

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data


Natural Resource Management (NRM) regionsSouth Coast Natural Resource Management Inc WA

Rangelands Natural Resource Management Coordinating Group WA

Top five agricultural commodities Value (millions)

Cereals for grain $281

Oilseeds $106

Wool $31

Lamb $29

Beef $24Total value of agricultural commodities (including other commodities not listed here)

$497

Climate characteristics*

Mean annual temperature 16.0 Celsius

Mean Maximum of the Hottest Month 28.9 Celsius

Mean Minimum of the Coldest Month 5.0 Celsius

Mean Annual Rainfall 351.2 mm

Dominant rainfall season Winter

* The figures are interpolated 75-year means (1921 to 1995) representing the period prior to the onset of rapid climatic warming. Cited in: Williams KJ, Belbin L, Austin MP, Stein J, Ferrier S (2012) Which environmental variables should I use in my biodiversity model? International Journal of Geographic Information Sciences 26(11), 2009–2047. (Data derived from Australian Climate surfaces version 2.1 for the ANUCLIM-BIOCLIM package).

For future climate projections please refer to: http://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au/


http://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au/


National Reserve System area

27%

73%

Other areaNRS area

Native Title area

Although there have been no Native Title Determinations finalised within this Conservation Management Zone, it continues to represent important Indigenous heritage values and places that are of deep significance to Indigenous persons and their practices, observations, customs, beliefs and history.

Native vegetation clearance level

79%

21%

Uncleared (ha)Cleared (ha)

Number of threatened species by class

19

17

6

32 1

SharksReptiles

BirdsPlants Mammals

Fish

Status of EPBC Act listed threatened species, communities and migratory species

0 11 22 33 44 55

21

25

1

1

50

Conservation dependent

Critically endangered species

Migratory species

Endangered species

Vulnerable species

Source: Based on data from the National Native Title Register; Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database (CAPAD); National Vegetation Information System (NVIS); Species’ Profile and Threats Database (SPRAT).


Population

Population by age group

29%

10%

34%

21%

65 years and over40–64 years

15–24 years0–14 years 25–39 years

6%

Indigenous population by age group

60%

40%

15–24 years0–14 years

Farmer and farm managers by age group

28%

4%11%

57%



Gender of farmers and farm managers

212

97

FemaleMale


Population characteristics


Languages spoken at home

English 91.91%

Other languages 3.55%

Not stated 3.99%

Non-English languages spoken at home*

Northern European (including Scandinavia, Celtic, Germanic, Dutch)Southern European

Eastern European

21.88%

* Please note, these �gures are based on the proportion of the population who indicated in the 2011 ABS Census that they spoke a language other than English at home.

46.88%

31.25%



Education

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%



Highest level of educational attainment – total population

Inad

equa

tely

des

crib

ed/N

ot st

ated

No

Educ

atio

nal A

ttai

nmen

t

Scho

ol Y

ears

10

or b

elow

Scho

ol Y

ears

11

and

12

Cert

i�ca

te L

evel

Bach

elor

Deg

ree/

Adva

nced

Dip

lom

a an

d D

iplo

ma

Post

grad

uate

Deg

ree/

Gra

duat

eD

iplo

ma

& G

radu

ate

Cert

i�ca

te

Highest level of educational attainment – Indigenous community

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Inad

equa

tely

des

crib

ed/N

ot st

ated

No

Educ

atio

nal A

ttai

nmen

t

Scho

ol Y

ears

10

or b

elow

Scho

ol Y

ears

11

and

12

Cert

i�ca

te L

evel

Bach

elor

Deg

ree/

Adva

nced

Dip

lom

a an

d D

iplo

ma

Post

grad

uate

Deg

ree/

Gra

duat

eD

iplo

ma

& G

radu

ate

Cert

i�ca

te



0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%



Highest level of educational attainment – farmers and farm managers

Inad

equa

tely

des

crib

ed/N

ot st

ated

No

Educ

atio

nal A

ttai

nmen

t

Scho

ol Y

ears

10

or b

elow

Scho

ol Y

ears

11

and

12

Cert

i�ca

te L

evel

Bach

elor

Deg

ree/

Adva

nced

Dip

lom

a an

d D

iplo

ma

Post

grad

uate

Deg

ree/

Gra

duat

eD

iplo

ma

& G

radu

ate

Cert

i�ca

te

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Post-school quali�cation types*

15–2

4 ye

ars o

ld

25–3

9 ye

ars o

ld

40–6

4 ye

ars o

ld

65 y

ears

an

d ab

ove

Natural and Physical Sciences

Agriculture, Environmental and Related Studies

Health and education

Architecture, building, society and culture and creative arts

Information Technology, Management and Commerce and service industries

* Please note, this table omits quali�cations of mixed �eld, quali�cations that are not adequately described, and information relating to census respondents who have not stated their quali�cation or are not applicable (i.e. Not of age to have post-school quali�cation).



Employment

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Employment status of general population*

65 y

ears

and

abov

e

15–2

4 ye

ars o

ld

40–6

4 ye

ars o

ld

25–3

9 ye

ars o

ld

Employed

Unemployed

Not in labour force or not stated

* Please note the % �gures are relative to each of the age groupings of the population. The categories above are aggregates of the following Australian Bureau of Statistics categories: Employed = Employed full-time; Employed part-time; and Employed away from work. Unemployed = Unemployed looking for full-time work; and Unemployed looking for part-time work. Not in the Labour Force or Not Stated = Not in the Labour Force; and Not Stated. Please note the ‘not applicable’ category has been omitted from the analysis. Not applicable applies to the proportion of the population that is not of working age (e.g. 0–15 year olds and retired). ABS 2011 Census Labour Force data has been utilised for this report, as the national quarterly employment �gures are derived from a relatively small sample of the population.

Employment by industry

Agriculture, forestry and sheries

Manufacturing

Utilities, construction and transport

Health, Social Assistance, Education and training

Public administration and safety

Wholesale and retail trade

Services

Food, accommodation, arts and recreation

Unknown/not stated

73%

7%

8%

4%

1%2%

3%

1%

1%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Employment status of general population*

65 y

ears

and

abov

e

15–2

4 ye

ars o

ld

40–6

4 ye

ars o

ld

25–3

9 ye

ars o

ld

Employed

Unemployed

Not in labour force or not stated

* Please note the % �gures are relative to each of the age groupings of the population. The categories above are aggregates of the following Australian Bureau of Statistics categories: Employed = Employed full-time; Employed part-time; and Employed away from work. Unemployed = Unemployed looking for full-time work; and Unemployed looking for part-time work. Not in the Labour Force or Not Stated = Not in the Labour Force; and Not Stated. Please note the ‘not applicable’ category has been omitted from the analysis. Not applicable applies to the proportion of the population that is not of working age (e.g. 0–15 year olds and retired). ABS 2011 Census Labour Force data has been utilised for this report, as the national quarterly employment �gures are derived from a relatively small sample of the population.


Employment, volunteering and incomes


Volunteering

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Volunteering rates

15–2

4 ye

ars o

ld

25–3

9 ye

ars o

ld

40–6

4 ye

ars o

ld

65 y

ears

an

d ab

ove

Not a volunteer

Volunteer

Not stated or not applicable

Income

Total household income (% of households)*

24.5%

43.9%

10.2%

9.2%

12.2%

Over $104,000

Under $20,800

Not Stated/Partially Stated

$20,800–64,999 $65,000–$103,999

* Please note these �gures have been derived from the ABS Equivalised Total Household Income (HIED)Census 2011 data. ABS data categories have been aggregated for the purposes of this report. For more information see: http://www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/censushome.nsf/home/statementsdwellinghied?opendocument&navpos=430

In the 2011–12 �nancial year, persons who earned $67,500 or less were eligible for Low Income Tax O�set. Human Services applied the following de�nitions of “low income” as eligibility criteria for the Low Income Supplement in the 2012–13 �nancial year: Income below $30,000 for singles, $45,000 combined for couples, or $60,000 combined for couples or singles with a dependent child.



Agricultural commodity values

Value of agricultural commodities^

$0

$50

$100

$150

$200

$250

$300

Oth

er b

road

acre

cro

ps

Nut

s

Frui

t

Oils

eeds

Legu

me

for g

rain

Hay

Cere

als f

or g

rain

Eggs

Woo

l

Beef

Lam

b

Pork

Dai

ry

Vege

tabl

es fo

r see

d

Vege

tabl

es fo

r con

sum

ptio

n

Nur

serie

s and

cut

�ow

ers

Mill

ions

^ Data obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics Value of Agricultural Commodities Produced. The value estimates in this publication are derived by the multiplication of price and quantity estimates of agricultural commodities. Price information is estimated based on the average unit value of a given commodity realised in the market place. For more information please refer to: http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[email protected]/Lookup/7503.0Explanatory%20Notes12010-11?OpenDocument


Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM adviceAustralian farmers manage over 60% of the Australian continent and shoulder much of the burden of responsibility for maintaining and protecting Australia’s natural resource wealth. The information contained in this profile aims to assist the wider community, non-governmental organisations and government agencies to support Australia’s key environmental custodians.

Number of people employed in agriculture, �shing, forestry and downstream industries

350Agriculture industries

(production)


Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Feral animal control*(% of agricultural holdings)

No

man

agem

ent

of fe

ral a

nim

als

Oth

er (u

nspe

ci�e

d)fe

ral a

nim

al c

ontr

ol

0.0%

0.5%

1.0%

1.5%

2.0%

2.5%

3.0%

3.5%

Native vegetation protection and regeneration*(% of agricultural holdings)

Oth

er

Stop

ping

mec

hani

cal

or c

hem

ical

des

truc

tion

Redu

cing

gra

zing

pre

ssur

e

Man

agin

g w

eeds

Fenc

ing

o�/e

xclu

ding

stoc

k

Sought advice when adopting native vegetation management**

46.36%53.64%

NoYes

Sources of advice**^

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Priv

ate

cons

ulta

nt o

rag

ribus

ines

s age

nt

CMA/

NRM

regi

onem

ploy

ed fa

cilit

ator

Rese

arch

and

Dev

elop

men

t Cor

pora

tion

Gov

ernm

ent

exte

nsio

n o�

cer

Peer

s or n

eigh

bour

s

Farm

er g

roup

Land

care

or f

arm

erpr

oduc

tion

grou

p

** The sample for the Drivers of Practice Change 2012 survey consisted of a random subsample of 1228 broadacre farm managers from the Australian Agricultural and Grazing Industries Survey (AAGIS) frame. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units. For this reason, the figures presented here are indicative only.

^ This chart indicates the sources of advice utilised for native vegetation management from respondents who identified they sought advice.

For more information please refer to http://www.daff.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/forestry/domestic-forestry/prep-for-future/drivers-practice-change.pdf

* Data obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2012 Land Management Practices Survey (LaMPS) 2012. LaMPS collected land practices information from approximately 50,000 farm businesses across Australia. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units and Australian Agricultural Environment units. The % figures presented here are indicative only. For more information on LaMPS please refer to: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/4630.0

http://www.daff.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/forestry/domestic-forestry/prep-for-future/drivers-practice-change.pdf

http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/4630.0


Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas

Land tenure

Crown Land – Private – Leased

Crown Land – Public

Freehold – Unknown

No Data/Unknown

1.19%0.77%

77.15%

20.88%

Land use

Conservation and Natural Environments

Grazing Native Vegetation

Cropping and Horticulture

Grazing Modi�ed Pastures

36%

23%0.2%

41%

Source: Land tenure data based on Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN) categorisation of Public Sector Mapping Authority (PSMA) State Tenure 2012; Land use mapping based on Australian Collaborative Land Use and Management Program (ACLUMP) 2012. For more information on Australian land use and management information and classification please refer to: http://www.daff.gov.au/ABARES/aclump/Pages/Default.aspx

Indigenous Land Councils

Ngaanyatjarra Council: http://www.ngaanyatjarra.org.au

Goldfields Land and Sea Council: http://www.glsc.com.au

Although there have been no Native Title Determinations finalised within this Conservation Management Zone, it continues to represent important Indigenous heritage values and places that are of deep significance to Indigenous persons and their practices, observations, customs, beliefs and history.

Local Government Areas

Shire Of Lake Grace WAShire Of Ravensthorpe WA

Local Government Areas

Shire Of Dundas WAShire Of Esperance WA

http://www.daff.gov.au/ABARES/aclump/Pages/Default.aspx

http://www.ngaanyatjarra.org.au

http://www.glsc.com.au


Zone vegetation characteristics

Major Vegetation Subgroups (MVS) with >1% original distribution within zone

Eucalyptuswoodlands with a

shrubby understorey

Mallee withhummock grass

Mallee with a denseshrubby understorey

Salt lakes andlagoons

Mallee with anopen shrubbyunderstorey

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

Present day percentage of CMZ areaPre 1750 percentage of CMZ area


The National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) framework is a nationally consistent vegetation classification system based on vegetation data collected by states and territories. It provides information on the extent and distribution of vegetation types across the Australian landscape.

Two products are used to provide the Zone Vegetation Characteristics graph. A modelled pre-European vegetation distribution (pre-1750), and extant (current extent) vegetation, which is based on contemporary vegetation mapping. The information presented here relates to Major Vegetation Subgroups (MVSs). There are 85 MVS types across Australia, describing the structure and floristic composition of dominant and secondary vegetation stratums (e.g. canopy and mid-storey species). Major Vegetation Subgroups only reflect the dominant vegetation type occurring in an area from a mix of vegetation types. Less-dominant vegetation groups which may also be present are therefore not represented.

It is important to note that the vegetation information is indicative only, as state and territory mapping in Australia is of variable resolution and scale. However, this data is the best available nationally consistent information on vegetation, and the dataset continues to evolve and increase in accuracy.

Analysing this information at Conservation Management Zone, rather than national level provides greater discrimination for decision makers, as clearance levels of vegetation types are not uniform across Australia. For example, eucalypt woodlands with a tussock grass understory is a vegetation type found across Australia. In the Brigalow Woodlands Conservation Management Zone, eucalypt open woodlands with a tussock grass understory originally covered approximately 36% of the zone, but today it only covers only 14.5 % of the zone (58.7% of this vegetation community has been cleared in the Brigalow). In the Northern Australia Tropical Savannah zone, this vegetation type originally occupied 19.6% of the zone. Today, it occupies approximately 19.4% of the zone (only 2.3% of this vegetation type has been cleared). It should be noted that this data only provides an indication of change in extent, and not vegetation condition.

For more information on the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/science-and-research/databases-and-maps/national-vegetation-information-system

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/science-and-research/databases-and-maps/national-vegetation-information-system


Major National Reserve System properties

Major National Reserve System properties

Name Property type IUCN category Jurisdiction Hectares % of zone

Dundas Nature Reserve IA WA 416,665 12.20

Nuytsland Nature Reserve IA WA 281,409 8.24

Cape Arid National Park II WA 114,941 3.36

Peak Charles National Park II WA 39,953 1.17

Unnamed WA33113 Nature Reserve IA WA 8,860 0.26

Kau Rock Nature Reserve IA WA 8,550 0.25

Beaumont Nature Reserve IA WA 7,083 0.21

Unnamed WA41934 Nature Reserve IA WA 6,760 0.20

Truslove Townsite Nature Reserve IA WA 6,081 0.18

Griffiths Nature Reserve IA WA 5,415 0.16


Burdett South Nature Reserve IA WA 3,768 0.11

Muntz Nature Reserve IA WA 3,498 0.10



Neredup Nature Reserve IA WA 1,709 0.05

Clyde Hill Nature Reserve IA WA 1,670 0.05


Mount Ridley Nature Reserve IA WA 1,417 0.04

Bishops Nature Reserve IA WA 1,403 0.04

The IUCN categories are as follows:

Ia Strict Nature Reserve IUCN protected area management categories classify protected areas according to their management objectives. The categories are recognised by international bodies such as the United Nations and are utilised by many national governments, including the Australian Government, as the global standard for defining and recording protected areas.

Ib Wilderness Area

II National Park

III Natural Monument or Feature

IV Habitat/Species Management Area

V Protected Landscape/ Seascape

VI Protected area with sustainable use of natural resources

Please refer to the IUCN website for further explanation: http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/gpap_home/gpap_quality/gpap_pacategories/

For more information on Australia’s National Reserve System please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/land/national-reserve-system

Source: Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database 2012.

http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/gpap_home/gpap_quality/gpap_pacategories/

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/land/national-reserve-system


EPBC Act (1999) threatened ecological communitiesThreatened ecological communities

Name Listing status % of total distribution* % of zone**

Proteaceae Dominated Kwongkan Shrublands of the Southeast Coastal Floristic Province of Western Australia Endangered 16.22 5.63

* % of the total national distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the Threatened Ecological Community that is found within the zone.

** % of the total zone area describes the proportion of the zone that the Threatened Ecological Community is likely or known to occur in.

It should be noted that the identification of any given Threatened Ecological Community above does not imply that the Threatened Ecological Community (TEC) is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. Rather, the % of the TEC’s total distribution (*) within the zone is an indication of its importance to that zone in terms of conservation efforts. The % of the zone (**) indicates how rare, or difficult the ecological community may be to find within the zone.

The threatened ecological communities above are listed under The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), which is the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation. For more information, please refer to http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/communities

http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/communities


EPBC Act (1999) threatened species

Threatened mammals

Common name Scientific name Status % of total distribution*

% of zone**

Dibbler Parantechinus apicalis Endangered 0.56 0.24

Red-tailed Phascogale Phascogale calura Endangered May be present

May be present

Chuditch, Western Quoll Dasyurus geoffroii Vulnerable May be present

May be present

Australian Sea-lion Neophoca cinerea Vulnerable n/a n/a

Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae Vulnerable n/a n/a

Southern Right Whale Eubalaena australis Endangered n/a n/a

Threatened birds


% of zone**

Cape Barren Goose (south-western), Recherche Cape Barren Goose Cereopsis novaehollandiae grisea Vulnerable 30.25 11.67

Carnaby’s Black-Cockatoo, Short-billed Black-Cockatoo Calyptorhynchus latirostris Endangered 4.6 29.73

Western Ground Parrot, Kyloring Pezoporus flaviventris Critically Endangered 3.02 0.36

Malleefowl Leipoa ocellata Vulnerable 2.43 75.94

Australasian Bittern Botaurus poiciloptilus Endangered 0.31 3.40

Slender-billed Thornbill (western) Acanthiza iredalei iredalei Vulnerable 0.05 0.75

Tristan Albatross Diomedea exulans exulans Endangered n/a n/a

Southern Giant-Petrel Macronectes giganteus Endangered n/a n/a

Northern Royal Albatross Diomedea epomophora sanfordi Endangered n/a n/a

Northern Giant-Petrel Macronectes halli Vulnerable n/a n/a

Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans (sensu lato) Vulnerable n/a n/a

Campbell Albatross Thalassarche melanophris impavida Vulnerable n/a n/a

Antipodean Albatross Diomedea exulans antipodensis Vulnerable n/a n/a

Southern Royal Albatross Diomedea epomophora epomophora Vulnerable n/a n/a

White-capped Albatross Thalassarche cauta steadi Vulnerable n/a n/a

Shy Albatross, Tasmanian Shy Albatross Thalassarche cauta cauta Vulnerable n/a n/a

Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris Vulnerable n/a n/a

* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone.

** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in.

The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone.


Threatened reptiles

Common Name Scientific name Status % of total distribution*

% of zone**

Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta Endangered n/a n/a

Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea Endangered n/a n/a

Green Turtle Chelonia mydas Vulnerable n/a n/a

Other threatened fauna


% of zone**

Grey Nurse Shark (west coast population) Carcharias taurus Vulnerable n/a n/a

Great White Shark Carcharodon carcharias Vulnerable n/a n/a

Southern Bluefin Tuna Thunnus maccoyii Conservation Dependent n/a n/a


Threatened flora

Common Name Scientific name Status % of total distribution*

% of zone**

Milky Emu Bush Eremophila lactea Endangered 100 2.46

Peak Charles Drummondita Drummondita longifolia Vulnerable 100 0.34

Salt Myoporum Myoporum turbinatum Endangered 99.97 1.33

Toolinna Adenanthos Adenanthos eyrei Endangered 99.9 5.30

Goblet Mallee Eucalyptus merrickiae Vulnerable 92.23 15.85

Barrens Wedding Bush Ricinocarpos trichophorus Endangered 38.07 20.20

Cumquat Eremophila Eremophila denticulata subsp. trisulcata Endangered 23.28 13.75

Little Kangaroo Paw, Two-coloured Kangaroo Paw, Small Two-colour Kangaroo Paw

Anigozanthos bicolor subsp. minor Endangered 18.26 14.93

Sedge Conostylis Conostylis lepidospermoides Endangered 11.72 1.43

Lake Varley Grevillea Grevillea involucrata Endangered 3.04 1.75

Northcliffe Kennedia Kennedia glabrata Vulnerable 0.06 0.01Underground Orchid, Western Australian Underground Orchid Rhizanthella gardneri Endangered 0.04 0.04

Saltmat Roycea pycnophylloides Endangered May be present

May be present

Whorled Eremophila Eremophila verticillata Endangered May be present

May be present

Lake King Eremophila Eremophila subteretifolia Endangered May be present

May be present

Hook-leaf Isopogon Isopogon uncinatus Endangered May be present

May be present

Prickly Honeysuckle Lambertia echinata subsp. echinata Endangered May be

presentMay be present

None Centrolepis caespitosa Endangered May be present

May be present

Fitzgerald Eremophila Eremophila denticulata subsp. denticulata Vulnerable May be

presentMay be present

* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone.

** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in. The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone.

The above species are listed under The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation.

Please note that the list of threatened flora species is not comprehensive. The flora listed here have a significant proportion of their total national distribution within the zone. For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species or the Species Profiles and Threats Database http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl

http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species

http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl


EPBC Act (1999) migratory species

Migratory birds

Common name Scientific nameAntipodean Albatross Diomedea antipodensisBar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponicaBlack-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophrisBlack-tailed Godwit Limosa limosaBroad-billed Sandpiper Limicola falcinellusCampbell Albatross Thalassarche impavidaCaspian Tern Sterna caspiaCattle Egret Ardea ibisCommon Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucosCurlew Sandpiper Calidris ferrugineaDouble-banded Plover Charadrius bicinctusEastern Curlew Numenius madagascariensisFlesh-footed Shearwater, Fleshy-footed Shearwater Puffinus carneipes

Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificusGreat Egret, White Egret Ardea alba

Great Knot Calidris tenuirostrisGreater Sand Plover, Large Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii

Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarolaGrey-tailed Tattler Heteroscelus brevipesLesser Sand Plover, Mongolian Plover Charadrius mongolus

Marsh Sandpiper, Little Greenshank Tringa stagnatilis

Migratory birds

Common name Scientific nameNorthern Giant-Petrel Macronectes halliNorthern Royal Albatross Diomedea sanfordi

Oriental Plover, Oriental Dotterel Charadrius veredus

Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulvaRainbow Bee-eater Merops ornatusRed Knot, Knot Calidris canutusRed-necked Stint Calidris ruficollisRuddy Turnstone Arenaria interpresSanderling Calidris albaSharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminataShy Albatross, Tasmanian Shy Albatross

Thalassarche cauta (sensu stricto)

Southern Giant-Petrel Macronectes giganteusSouthern Royal Albatross

Diomedea epomophora (sensu stricto)

Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereusTristan Albatross Diomedea dabbenena

Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans (sensu lato)

White-bellied Sea-Eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster

White-capped Albatross Thalassarche steadi

Other migratory species

Common name Scientific nameBryde’s Whale Balaenoptera edeniDusky Dolphin Lagenorhynchus obscurusGreat White Shark Carcharodon carchariasGreen Turtle Chelonia mydasHumpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliaeKiller Whale, Orca Orcinus orcaLeatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriaceaLoggerhead Turtle Caretta carettaPorbeagle, Mackerel Shark Lamna nasusPygmy Right Whale Caperea marginataSouthern Right Whale Eubalaena australis

For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/migratory-species

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/migratory-species


Threatened endemic species


Taxonomic group Scientific name Reservation status EPBC Act status IUCN status

Plants Eremophila lactea Unreserved Endangered n/a

Plants Adenanthos eyrei Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Drummondita longifolia Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a




Taxonomic group Scientific name Reservation status EPBC Act status IUCN status

Plants Eremophila lactea Unreserved Endangered n/a

Plants Adenanthos eyrei Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Drummondita longifolia Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

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Invasive species

Invasive mammals

Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone**

Rabbit, European Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 0.62 100.00

Red Fox, Fox Vulpes vulpes 0.55 100.00

Cat, House Cat, Domestic Cat Felis catus 0.44 100.00

House Mouse Mus musculus 0.56 58.17

Domestic Dog Canis lupus familiaris 0.26 19.33

Dromedary, Camel Camelus dromedarius 0.18 17.84

Pig Sus scrofa 0.17 17.42

Horse Equus caballus 0.04 1.85

Feral deer species in Australia Feral deer 0.08 0.91

Black Rat, Ship Rat Rattus rattus May be present May be present


Invasive species Other invasive fauna


Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris 0.7 44.10

Rock Pigeon, Rock Dove, Domestic Pigeon Columba livia 0.53 39.29

Laughing Turtle-dove, Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis 1.31 11.88

Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 0.03 0.63

Invasive flora


Ward’s Weed Carrichtera annua 2.87 99.92Bridal Creeper, Bridal Veil Creeper, Smilax, Florist’s Smilax, Smilax Asparagus Asparagus asparagoides 0.77 18.61

Prickly Pears Opuntia spp. 0.11 1.17Athel Pine, Athel Tree, Tamarisk, Athel Tamarisk, Athel Tamarix, Desert Tamarisk, Flowering Cypress, Salt Cedar

Tamarix aphylla 0.04 0.83

* % of the total national distribution of the invasive species found within the zone.

** % of the total zone area that the invasive species is likely or known to occur in.

It should be noted that the identification of any given invasive species above does not imply that the species is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. The % of the zone area (**) indicates how common or rare the species may be within the zone.

For more information on invasive species please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/invasive-species

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/invasive-species


Vegetation profiles and management recommendationsVegetation extent information and species lists contained in the vegetation profiles are based on analysis from the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS), including analysis of Major Vegetation Subgroups and NVIS Level V descriptions. Please see http://www.environment.gov.au/node/18930 for more information.

The management recommendations have been drawn from EPBC Act Recovery Plans, EPBC Act Ecological Communities Listing Advice and other sources. The recommendations are indicative only. Systematic reviews of management literature, consultation processes and improved Natural Resource Management program monitoring and evaluation will support development of a comprehensive set of management recommendations over time.

http://www.environment.gov.au/node/18930


Eucalyptus woodlands with a shrubby understorey vegetation profile

Protection Sustainable Agricultural Practice

Rehabilitation Fire Management

Wildlife Management

Weed Management

Feral Animal Management

Disease Management

Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land.

Protect from firewood harvesting.

Protect paddock trees in areas adjacent to remnants.

Manage grazing practices and avoid high-intensity set stocking.

Avoid fertiliser drift from adjacent crops and pastures.

Facilitate natural regeneration through fencing and stock management.

Undertake regeneration where recruitment of over and understorey species does not occur. Please see advice from your local Natural Resource Management region and Gondwana Link for advice on rehabilitation activities.

Use mosaic burning techniques. Target mosaic burns at different age classes of vegetation to maintain age diversity between, and within, remnant patches.

Discourage broad-scale burning for agricultural purposes in Malleefowl habitat.

Avoid clearing roadsides for firebreaks.

If fallen timber has been removed from remnants, replace with coarse woody debris (such as untreated railway sleepers) as this provides habitat for wildlife.

Maintain and protect mature trees as it can take 150–180 years for tree hollows to develop. Hollows provide shelter and breeding habitat for mammals and birds.

If few or no hollow-bearing trees are present within remnants, provide nesting boxes. Monitor these regularly for invasive birds and feral honey bees.

Ensure fencing is wildlife friendly – no electric fencing, and no barbed wire.

See http://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/get-involved/wildlife-rehabilitation-and-courses for more information on wildlife rehabilitation.

Monitor and manage weeds in remnants and surrounding agricultural lands.

Undertake fox and rabbit baiting, and feral cat trapping.

Ensure foxes and rabbits are managed simultaneously to avoid foxes switching predation to native species or increases in rabbit populations.

Manage underlying causes of dieback. For example, manage over-population of leaf eating insects (often found in adjacent agricultural lands or weed infested sites).

86.06%Remaining

Change in extent

Pres

ent d

ay

Pre-

1750

41.2%

35.4%

Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus salmonophloia; Eucalyptus flocktoniae; Eucalyptus oleosa; Eucalyptus dundasii; Eucalyptus transcontinentalis; Eucalyptus occidentalis; Eucalyptus torquata; Eucalyptus salubris; Eucalyptus le souefii; Eucalyptus clelandii; Melaleuca uncinata; Melaleuca pauperiflora; Eremophila scoparia; Eremophila glabra; Eremophila oldfieldii; Eremophila calorhabdos; Grevillea oncogyne; Helichrysum adnatum; shrub.

Management recommendations

Vegetation extent information and species lists contained in the vegetation profiles are based on analysis from the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS), including analysis of Major Vegetation Subgroups and NVIS Level V descriptions. Please see http://www.environment.gov.au/node/18930 for more information.

The management recommendations have been drawn from EPBC Act Recovery Plans, EPBC Act Ecological Communities Listing Advice and other sources. The recommendations are indicative only. Systematic reviews of management literature, consultation processes and improved Natural Resource Management program monitoring and evaluation will support development of a comprehensive set of management recommendations over time.

http://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/get-involved/wildlife-rehabilitation-and-courses



http://www.environment.gov.au/node/18930


Mallee with a dense shrubby understorey vegetation profile

79.66%Remaining

Change in extent

Pres

ent d

ay

Pre-

1750

38.7%

30.8%

Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus tetragona; Eucalyptus redunca; Eucalyptus eremophila; Eucalyptus incrassata; Eucalyptus socialis; Eucalyptus leptopoda; Lambertia inermis; Banksia media; Conostephium roei; Melaleuca spathulata; Andersonia parvifolia; Grevillea sp.; Hakea sp.; Calytrix decandra; Daviesia juncea; shrub; forb.



Wildlife Management

Weed Management


Disease Management

Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land. Please refer to http://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au for information on covenanting and private land conservation.

Stabilise and maintain water table levels by retaining and replanting native vegetation.

Close or fence artificial sources of water in conservation reserves.

Protect, and where appropriate, fence important wildlife habitat including for Malleefowl.

Exclude stock from remnants to enable regeneration of over and understorey species.

Create windbreaks with mallee species to reduce the impacts of soil erosion.

Reduce tillage in zones around remnants.

Avoid creating new access tracks and roads through remnants.

Undertake restoration where there are few mature overstorey species.

Choose mallee species that occur on similar soils and slope aspect. Match the relative abundance of different species of intact remnant patches.

Manage and create wildlife corridors between remnant patches with wide strips of native vegetation.

Create buffer zones around remnants by revegetating previously cleared lands with mallee and ground storey species.




Manage native grazing animals.

Erect signs warning drivers that Malleefowl may be on the road.

Actively manage weeds when undertaking restoration activities to ensure weeds do not compete for soil moisture with vulnerable native replantings.

A 1-metre radius weed free buffer should be maintained around native woody plants. Use spot control to maintain this.

Apply herbicides to actively growing weeds and avoid spray drift.

Do not leave areas of bare ground to avoid wind and water erosion of soils. Retain some weed cover and stagger removal and replacement with native grasses.

Control foxes and rabbits simultaneously, to avoid foxes switching to predation on native species or increases in rabbit populations.

All herbivore populations should be closely monitored and excluded from revegetation sites. Livestock, deer, rabbits and kangaroos should be managed to avoid the destruction of young seedlings.


http://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au



Mallee with an open shrubby understorey vegetation profile

55.38%Remaining

Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus eremophila; Eucalyptus oleosa; Eucalyptus gracilis; Eucalyptus forrestiana; Eucalyptus calycogona; Eucalyptus conglobata; Eucalyptus uncinata; Melaleuca pungens; Melaleuca cliffortioides; Melaleuca scabra; Maireana sedifolia; Acacia ancistrophylla; Melaleuca acuminata; Eremophila calorhabdos; Halgania integerrima; Microcybe multiflora; Pimelea imbricata; Triodia sp.; chenopod shrub; hummock grass; tussock grass.

Change in extent

Pres

ent d

ay

Pre-

1750

13.6%

7.5%



Wildlife Management

Weed Management


Disease Management

Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land. Please refer to http://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au for information on covenanting and private land conservation.

Stabilise and maintain water table levels by retaining and replanting native vegetation.

Close or fence artificial sources of water in conservation reserves.

Protect, and where appropriate, fence important wildlife habitat including for Malleefowl.

Exclude stock from remnants to enable regeneration of over and understorey species.

Create windbreaks with mallee species to reduce the impacts of soil erosion.

Reduce tillage in zones around remnants.

Avoid creating new access tracks and roads through remnants.

Undertake restoration where there are few mature overstorey species.

Choose mallee species that occur on similar soils and slope aspect. Match the relative abundance of different species of intact remnant patches.

Manage and create wildlife corridors between remnant patches with wide strips of native vegetation.

Create buffer zones around remnants by revegetating previously cleared lands with mallee and ground storey species.




Manage native grazing animals.

Erect signs where needed to warn drivers that Malleefowl may be on the road.

Control aggressive perennial grass species.

Actively manage weeds when undertaking restoration activities to ensure weeds do not compete for soil moisture with vulnerable native replantings.

Apply herbicides to actively growing weeds and avoid spray drift.

Avoid wind and water erosion of soils. Retain some weed cover and stagger removal and replacement with native grasses.

Control foxes and rabbits simultaneously, to avoid foxes switching to predation on native species or increases in rabbit populations.

All herbivore populations should be closely monitored and excluded from revegetation sites. Livestock, deer, rabbits and kangaroos should be managed to avoid the destruction of young seedlings.




ALC

100.

0915

South Western Australia Mallee Woodlands

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Transcript of South Western Australia Mallee Woodlands