South Kalimantan East Kalimantan Central Kalimantan

Kapuas and Serawak

Bakumpai and Dayak Bukit

Ngajus, Barito, Benuaqs

Kayan and Kenyah

Ibans, Embaloh (Maloh), Kayan, Kenyah, Penan,

Kelabit, Lun Bawang and Taman

Dayak Tribe

The Dayak or Dyak (pronounced /ˈdaɪ.ək/) are a people who live in Kalimantan (Borneo.) It consists of more than 200 ethnic subgroups. Each ethnic has it’s own dialect, customs, laws, territory and culture. Dayak languages are part of the Austronesian languages in Asia. The Dayak religion is animist; however many has changed to Christianity, and some to Islam.The ancestor of Dayak people were Austronesian migration from Asia. They have lived there for more than 3000 years. Dayak tribes spread in almost all parts of Borneo. Here some of Dayak tribes and the locations where they live in.

LocationBorneo Island divided into 4 provinces, which are•West Borneo (Kalimantan Barat)Capital City: Pontianak•East Borneo (Kalimantan Timur)Capital City: Samarinda•Central Borneo (Kalimantan Tengah)Capital City: Palangkaraya•South Borneo (Kalimantan Selatan)Capital City: Banjarmasin

English Dayak Ngaju

head takulukright (hand) gantaufather apang/bapagood bahalap

Language There are many local languages that used by the people who live in Borneo, such as Malay and Dayak languages. There are many kinds of Dayak languages according to its tribes. These words are some of the Dayak Ngaju language.

This language used in the area of Central Kalimantan (Kahayan, Kapuas, Upper Barito)

TraditionsTattoing

The Dayak's outstanding aesthetic sense is apparent in incridible tatto designs combining snake, bird, and plant motifs. The most intricate tattoing may require months of hard work. Tattos are not just decorative; they denote tribe, family, and social standing. The Kenyah and Kayan Tribes of the northeast have the most attractive and complicated tattoo patterns. Boy get their first tattoos at the age of 12. As they grow to manhood, all journey, skirmishes, and spiritual events are recorded

Wadian / Balian / BelianWadian / Balian / Belian is the ceremonial treatment on Dayak Bawo, Dusun,

Maanyan, Lawangan, Benuaq and Bukit. This allied tribes living around the area neighboring the border in Central Kalimantan, East Kalimantan and South Kalimantan. While the interior of the Malays (ethnic Malays Petalangan / Talang Mamak) called Bulian. Often also used as a designation for those who treat (healer) in traditional healing ceremonies Dayak shaman is called in various dialects such as Bolin (Dayak Pesaguan), boret (Dayak Simpakng), baliat (Jalai Dayak).

Traditional House

Rumah Betang (also called Rumah Panjang) is the typical traditional house of Borneo that are in various parts of Kalimantan, especially in the headwaters area which usually becomes the center of the Dayak tribe settlements, where the river is the main transportation routes for the Dayaks to perform a variety of mobility of everyday life like going to work to the fields where Dayak fields are usually far from human habitation.

More than buildings for dwelling Dayak, actual Rumah Betang is the heart of the social structure of life of the Dayaks. Rumah Betang is a reflection of the culture of togetherness in the daily life of the Dayaks. Inside Rumah Betang, every individual's life in the household and society are systematically arranged by mutual agreement as outlined in the customary law. The main value that stands out in life at home is the value of togetherness (communalism)

Traditional Clothes / Costumes

Sasirangan

Estimated to grow since the 16th century, Sasirangan derived from the word "sirang" meaning "sewing" or "tack", which also explains the technique of making fabric is typical of South Kalimantan. Similar techniques known in Java and part of Sumatra, but certainly each have distinctive styles and motifs.

Traditional Costumes from South of Borneo (Kalimantan Selatan),The men's Banjarnese (the native people of South Kalimantan), wear a Taluk Balanga shirt and long trouser (salawar).They put on headdress that have the form triangle called Laung Tajak Siak. Laung Tajak Siak that made of velvet not only as a head cover but also believed as amulet to resist misfortune.The women wear Kebaya matched with shawl Tapih Bahalel, headdress (Kakamban) added wire flower. Another accessories are Pending (broach), pearl earrings, three pearl necklace (Samban), and Marjan necklace.

Traditional Costumes from East Borneo (Kalimantan Timur)

Costume are worn by Dayak Modangnese consist of Baju Bisunung (shirt) and Celana Abet (short pants).As an accessories these costume be complemented by shield for combat and Mandau (traditional knife) which are both used as a traditional weapon to oppose the enemy. The other accessories are head covers made of plaited rattan (Beluko), and Uleng.The men usually wear a necklace made of small stone and tiger's teeth.The women wear Sapai (shirt) and Ta'ah (long skirt). Enggang's feather to be created for decoration of Tapung (head tie) that it show's prestige and human dignity. As a jewerly was used very unique necklace and bracelets

Traditional Costumes from West Borneo (Kalimantan Barat)

Traditional costume of Dayak, the native costume of the people of West Kalimantan is called King Baba (men's cloth) and King Bibinge (women's cloth). The costume made of tree bark that processed to be soft.Recently the costume is unpopular and changed by Baju Burai King Burai and Baju Manik King Manik.The latest mode of traditional costume is Baju Manik King Manik for women, with clam shell accessories. Accessories on the head called Tengkulas with Ruai bird feather. The men put on similar costume completed with vest, trosers, and cloth belt.

Traditional Costumes from Central Borneo (Kalimantan Tengah)

Dayaknese men in Middle of Kalimantan wear Sangkarut, kind of vest in Ngaju dialect.Short pants is a loincloth covered by square cloth (Ewah). On the head is perched Salutup Hatue (headdress) combined with bird feather.The women's have Salutup Bawi (kind of Salutup Hatue), vest, and woven skirt. The pattern of clothes dominated by natural symbols particulary for women's costume.

Kancet Papatai Dance / War Dance

It tells about the hero of Dayak Kenyah who fight against the enemies. The movements are energetic, skillful, spiritful and the dancers often yell. The dancers wear the dayak kenyah traditional costumes with Mandau, shield, and war clothes. It is accompanied with the song Sak paku with the musical instrument Sampe.

Kancet Ledo dance / Gong Dance

This dance represents the beauty of a girl like a flower blown by wind. This dance is performed by a girl with the Dayak Kenyah traditional costume and holding bouquets of Enggang feather in both hands. This dance is performed on a gong.

Traditional Dances

Hudoq Kita' Dance This dance is similar to Hudoq dance Dayak Bahau and Modang, the difference is in the mask, costumes, music, and the movements. The dances wear fabric costumes and wear sarong. The mask is human shaped with Dayak Kenyah carving. There are two types of mask in Hudoq Kita', wooden and mask from decorative ornaments.

Terms of use chopsticks or sipet has advantages because it can be used as long-range weapon and not destroy nature because of the natural material it is made. And one of the advantages of chopsticks or has sipet shooting accuracy that can reach about 218 yards or 200 meters.

Traditional WeaponsThe traditional weapons that the Dayak tribes usually use are

Mandau – a kind of saber

Talawang – a kind of shield made of wood with the traditional carving

Sipet – a long stick that used to shoot from the distance

Traditional Songs

•West Borneo : Sungai Kapuas, Cikcik Periuk•East Borneo : Sungai Mahakam, Indung-Indung•South Borneo: Ampar – ampar Pisang,

Saputangan Bapuncu Ampat

Traditional Folklore

•East Borneo : The Legend of Pesut Mahakam, Princess Bungsu and Maniki

•Central Borneo : Jangga Hatuen Bulan, The Salty River •South Borneo : The Dandaung Snake, Dewi Luing

Indung Bunga•West Borneo : The Legend of Ruai Bird, The Greedy

Fisherman

Much of the food in Kalimantan utilizes the abundant fruit that is found in the region. These Durian fruits have a soft and creamy flesh that is quite different from the produce found in the western world. The Durian’s are typically eaten raw, but are also cooked within the primarily Chinese influenced dishes. Stir-fry is one of the most common preparation techniques in the Kalimantan kitchen and the use of coconut milk is widely accepted especially amongst the children.

The belimbing sayur, or sour fruit, which hangs in large clusters, is preserved and then used when preparing chicken or meat dishes. Sour vegetable soup has certainly crossed over from Borneo and is known locally in Indonesia as 'sayur asem rembang', 'ampar tatak' - sweets from Banjarmasin, 'ayam masak habang' - fried chicken with large chillies, and 'soto banjar' - a creamy chicken broth, with mashed boiled eggs.

Traditional Foods

Powerful, expressive Dayak woodcarvings and other art from - cloth, beadwork - have universal appeal. Styles and motifs varied from group to group, and not all Dayaks had a strong artistic tradition.

Art and Craft

Some Dayak tribes still play a curious musical instrument, the kledi, a mouth organ akin to a bagpipe with six or eight narrow strips of bamboo cane protruding from a hollow oval gourd. Another unusual instrument found among some tribes is the sampe, a large flat flute with rattan strings which resonate over a painted wooden box. Also played are goblet-shaped drums made from heavy, hollowed-out tree trunks. Natives of the northern region play magnificent dragon gongs.

Music