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South Africa - a lovely place with a sad history Joburg, South Africa Cape of Good Hope, South Africa Slide 2 Strategic importance of south Africa, esp Capetown Slide 3 APARTHEID questions to think about 1. What ethnic groups live in South Africa? 2. Define APARTHEID 3. What advantages did apartheid give to Whites in South Africa? 4. What rights did Coloreds and Asians have in South Africa? 5. What restrictions were placed on Blacks? Rights, Homelands, Jobs 6. How did Blacks resist Apartheid? 7. Identify how apartheid affected the economy of South Africa. Think about How blacks were treated. International economic sanctions. Slide 4 CONDITIONS UNDER APARTHEID Slide 5 APARTHEID- South Africa 7 of 10 people in South Africa are Black-African From the 1950s to the 1990s South Africa was controlled by whites who were the minority group. (about 10% of the population) Slide 6 1950s 90s > Under white rule in South Africa All races lived and worked separately > This was known as Apartheid apartness for all races. This led to South Africa being isolated from most nations economically for many years. All Blacks were >required to live in townships (apart/segregated) >Had to have a pass that gave permission to be in the cities for their work/business >All persons required to learn Africaans the language of the white settlers. (Only used in South Africa) Slide 7 Whites Only Beach - 1986 Slide 8 White school in 1988 note uniform, architecture Slide 9 Four children going to school in a black township - 1988 Slide 10 One-room house of a Mixed-Race family in a township, 1988 Slide 11 Township of Tskane man with passbook, 1986 Slide 12 1948- gold miners in Johannesburg gold mine living quarters Slide 13 1988 White South Africans at dinner Slide 14 The Bantu Homelands Act. The white government declares that the lands reserved for black Africans are independent nations. In this way, the government strips millions of blacks of their South African citizenship and forces them to become residents of their new "homelands." Black township in South Africa Slide 15 Houses in Soweto, a black township. SOWETO means South West Township Townships are very isolated Townships are very isolated Not many services such as electricity, running water Not many services such as electricity, running water Run down buildings Run down buildings Slide 16 Passbooks required to travel for work in South Africa Blacks were considered foreigners in white-controlled South Africa, and need passports to enter. Blacks only enter to serve whites in menial jobs. A Black South African shows his passbook issued by the Government. Blacks were required to carry passes that determined where they could live and work. Slide 17 Bathroom signs from South Africa Segregated facilities in South Africa Slide 18 Segregated beach in South Africa - 1982 Slide 19 1976-1991 A time of violence Black students and their supporters stopped going to school, they started to fight for equal rights > They have become known as the lost generation b/c they have no education, high unemployment, no job skills > Some students were exiled and sent to other countries (US, UK, NZ) and they were able to be educated now THEY run the government! > This frustrates those who stayed to fight for freedoms in South Africa! Slide 20 Apartheid gained international attention in the 80s Sanctions and Embargos occurred Slide 21 Nelson Mandela -the anti-Apartheid leader is released after 27 years in prison Slide 22 1994 Mandela elected president Considered a hero by most ppl because he helped to bring all South Africans together w/o a civil war. He follows a philosophy of forgiveness much like Gandhi (Gandhi developed his ideas while in South Africa!) Slide 23 Voting in South Africa -1994 Many South Africans voted for the first time in their life. Many waited days in line to exercise their freedom to vote. Slide 24 Voting in South Africa 1994 Slide 25 Nelson Mandela is pictured here. Jailed for life in 1962, Mandelas release became a precondition of any negotiations for a settlement between black and white South Africans. Slide 26 New flag of South Africa The new flag has many colors to represent all the races that live there Slide 27 Results of the end of Apartheid After the years of boycotts and bad press tourists began to return to Cape Town in 1995. Tourism fuelled an unprecedented development of the city, led by the V&A Waterfront area. A theme park, casino and convention centre followed. Numerous hotels opened and shopping centres expanded. More museums and cultural tours and events helped the city to celebrate its rich diversity. Slide 28 Life after Apartheid How has life changed??