source software (FOSS) movement - Computer Scienceram/pubs/Morelli-Linkoping.pdf · source software...

Engaging students in the free and open source softw

are (FO

SS

) movem

ent

Ralph M

orelliT

rinity College, H

artford, CT, U

SA

ralph.morelli@

trincoll.edu

Real-tim

e Systems L

aboratoryL

inköping University -- M

ay 7, 2009

This w

ork is licensed under the Creative C

omm

ons Attribution-N

oncomm

ercial-Share A

like 3.0 United

States License. To view

a copy of this license, visit http://creativecomm

ons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/

Slide: 2

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U

niversity, May 5, 2009

Who is th

is?

“Imagine a w

orld in which every single person

on the planet is given free access to the sum

of all human know

ledge.”

Slide: 3

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Jimm

y (Jimbo) W

ales inven

ted…

Ward

Cunningham

Inventor of Wiki

software

Sharing what w

eknow

for free.

Slide: 4

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


What d

o th

ese pro

gram

s do?

Blue Poison D

art Frog(D

endrobates azureus)

eMule

Ares G

alaxy

1.2 Billion

SourceforgeD

ownloads!!

Slide: 5

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Free and O

pen

Source

Bitto

rrent S

oftw

are

Invented by …

Bram

Cohen

Sharing our bandw

idth and disk space for free.

Slide: 6

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


What is FO

SS?

Slide: 7

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


FOSS is freed

om

to …

•…

run

the p

rogram

.

•…

stud

y h

ow

the p

rogram

works.

•…

share

copies w

ith yo

ur n

eighbor.

•…

imp

rove th

e pro

gram

to b

enefit th

e com

munity.

Free softw

are is a matter o

f liberty,

not p

rice. [It is] free as in fre

e sp

eech

, not as in

free b

eer.

(Rich

ard S

tallman

, The Free

Softw

are Defin

ition)

ww

w.fsf.org

Slide: 8

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Linux ...

•…

is the kern

el of G

NU

/Linux.

•…

built o

n S

tallman

’s GN

U (G

nu is N

ot U

nix) Pro

ject.

•…

started as a h

obby p

roject in

1991.

•…

gen

erated a co

mm

unity o

f 1000s o

f develo

pers.

Hello

everybody o

ut th

ere usin

g m

inix - I'm

doin

g a (free)

operatin

g system

(just a h

obby,

won't b

e big

and p

rofessio

nal

like GN

U) ...

(Linus T

orvald

, Usen

et post,

1991)

Slide: 9

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


FOSS d

evelopm

ent is ...

•…

com

munity b

ased.

•…

non-h

ierarchical.

•…

open

and tran

sparen

t.

•…

a merito

cracy based

on p

eer review.

•…

closely tied

to u

sers (“release early and o

ften”).

Given

enough eyeb

alls all bugs are sh

allow

.

(Eric S

teven R

aymond, T

he

Cath

edral an

d th

e Bazaar)

Slide: 10

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


FOSS licen

ses …

•…

are main

tained

by th

e Free Softw

are Foundatio

n an

d th

e O

pen

Source In

stitute.

•…

num

ber b

etween

60-8

0.

Source: David W

heeler, The F/L

OSS Slide, 2007

Bruce Perens

OSI C

o-founder

Slide: 11

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


How

is FOSS D

oin

g?

Slide: 12

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Grow

th of Open Source Projects

• Sourcefo

rge.n

et -- the larg

est open

source rep

osito

ry.

173,000 + Projects1.8 + M

illion Mem

bers

Source: Morelli unpublished, 2007

So

urce

forg

e U

sers

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

1400000

1600000

1800000

2000000

Jan-0

0Jan-0

1Jan-0

2Jan-0

3Jan-0

4Jan-0

5Jan-0

6Jan-0

7Jan-0

8

Years

Reg

istere

d U

sers

Users

So

urce

forg

e P

roje

cts

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

Jan-0

0Jan-0

1Jan-0

2Jan-0

3Jan-0

4Jan-0

5Jan-0

6Jan-0

7Jan-0

8

Years

Reg

istere

d P

roje

cts

Projects

Slide: 13

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Free vs. Proprietary

Bill

Gates

Blake

Ross

Free and Open

Closed and proprietary

QuickTim

eﾪ and a decom

pressorare needed to see this picture.

Source: net applications (April, 2009)

Slide: 14

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Man

y Large S

uccessfu

l Projects

Supporters

Slide: 15

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Server Market Share A

ll Dom

ains

Source: news.netcraft.com

(April 2009)

Slide: 16

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Market Share - M

illion Busiest Sites

Source: netcraft.com

(March 2009)

FOSS co

sts softw

are vendors $

60

billio

n p

er year. (Stan

dish

Gro

up,

April 2

008)

Slide: 17

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


FOSS in

Govern

men

t

•B

razil ad

opts o

pen

source (B

BC, Ju

ne 2

005).

•Fre

nch

Gen

darm

erie

moved

from

MS to

Ubuntu

saving an

estimated

50

millio

n E

uro

s since 2

004 (O

SO

R-E

U, 2

009).

•V

ietn

am

: By Ju

ly 2009 o

f clients o

f gov't IT

must u

se FOSS, in

cludin

g O

pen

Office an

d M

ozilla. (V

ietnam

Net, Jan

. 2009).

•U

K: G

ov't backs FO

SS to

avoid

“lock in

” (BBC, Feb

. 2009).

•A

mste

rdam

: Gov't m

akes Open

Office an

d Firefox d

efault. (O

SO

R.E

U, A

pril

2009).

•U

S: S

en. Jo

hn D

. Rockefeller p

roposes law

to u

se FOSS an

d o

pen

standard

s fo

r electronic m

edical reco

rds (A

rsTechnia, A

pril 2

009).

(Microsoft Patent Suit A

gainst Tom Tom

)

Slide: 18

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


So...W

e …

•..u

se g

ood q

uality FO

SS every d

ay.

•..lik

e th

e freedom

and o

pen

ness o

f the In

ternet.

•..th

ink th

at Intern

et conten

t should

remain

free.

•..sh

are

stuff w

ith th

eir friends fo

r free.

BU

T

•D

o w

e re

alize

that all (a lo

t) of th

is stuff is

based

on...

FOSS ?

Slide: 19

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Freedom

& O

pen

ness

Everyw

here

Slide: 20

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Today: O

pen

ness E

verywhere

“Softw

are is just th

e beg

innin

g …

open

source is d

oin

g fo

r mass in

novatio

n w

hat th

e assembly lin

e did

for m

ass pro

ductio

n. G

et ready fo

r the era w

hen

collab

oratio

n rep

laces the co

rporatio

n.” -- T

hom

as Goetz, W

ired, 1

1/2

003

Center for A

pplication of Molecular B

iology to International Agriculture

Open source

Agriculture

Public Library of Science

Open source

Publishing

Open source

Literature

http://ww

w.architectureforhum

anity.org/

Slide: 21

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Today: S

harin

g E

verywhere

Open source education

Open standards

Open source genetics

http://wikitravel.org/en/L

inköping

Open

source beer

Slide: 22

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Post 9

/11: O

pen

Source In

telligen

ce

NY

Tim

es Magazine, D

ec. 3, 2006 O

pen Source Spying

“These images represent terrorist attacks and som

e of the actors, weapons

and targets linked to them. The physical relationship of the item

s suggests the level of connection.” -- C

live Thom

pson

Slide: 23

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Com

mon T

hem

e:CBPP

•Com

mons-B

ased Peer Pro

ductio

n.

–Yo

chai B

enkler, H

arvard Law

.

–The W

ealth o

f Netw

orks: H

ow

Social Pro

ductio

n T

ransfo

rms

Markets an

d Freed

om

.

–Availab

le thro

ugh a C

reative Com

mons A

ttributio

n-

Nonco

mm

ercial-Share A

like License.

–“I th

ink realistically w

e can see a larg

e improvem

ent in

the

num

ber o

f peo

ple w

ho can

effectively particip

ate in th

e pro

ductio

n o

f info

rmatio

n, kn

ow

ledge, an

d cu

lture.”

–G

reat 18 m

inute vid

eo o

n O

pen

Source E

conom

ics.

Slide: 24

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Eco

nom

ic Implicatio

ns: O

pen

v. Clo

sed

Center for A

pplication of Molecular B

iology to International Agriculture

Public Library of Science

Slide: 25

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Political Im

plicatio

ns: Freed

om

v. Contro

l

New

ssources

Net

neutrality

Digital

Rights

Managem

ent

Slide: 26

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


The H

um

anitarian

FOSS

Project

Slide: 27

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


•M

otivatio

n–

Let’s help

our n

eighbors!

–Let’s jo

in th

e open

source m

ovemen

t!

–Cred

it: David

Patterson, fo

rmer A

CM

Presiden

t

•N

SF G

rant (2

007-2

009)

–Can

these in

itiatives help

r evitalize

underg

raduate co

mputin

g ed

ucatio

n?

Slide: 28

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


NSF/C

PATH

Gran

t

•G

oal: G

etting u

nderg

raduates en

gag

ed in

build

ing H

-FOSS.

•Trin

ity Colleg

e, Connecticu

t Colleg

e, Wesleyan

University.

•H

um

anitarian

-FOSS Pro

jects–

Sah

ana, O

pen

MRS

–G

NO

ME, M

ozilla, In

STED

D (n

ew)

–H

artford

Public Lib

rary

•Courses

–FO

SS S

oftw

are engin

eering.

–FO

SS 1

01.

–FO

SS ap

plicatio

n p

rogram

min

g.

•Sum

mer 2

008/2

009: 1

0 w

eek H-FO

SS in

ternsh

ips.

•M

arch 2

009: A

nnual sym

posiu

m (@

SIG

CSE) o

n C

S cu

rriculu

m.

Slide: 29

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Com

munity B

uild

ing

Com

putingD

epartments

• Teach computing

• Build FO

SS• G

ain skills and opportunities

IT C

orporations

• Host interns

• Fund and advertise• V

olunteer expertise • R

ecruit students

Hum

anitarianC

omm

unity

• Acquire softw

are.• H

ost interns• Teach volunteerism

The H

umanitarian

FO

SSP

roject

Slide: 30

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Hum

anitarian

FOSS

Courses an

d Pro

jects

Slide: 31

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Sahana - Disaster M

anagement

•Started by Sri Lanka volunteers during 2004 A

sian Tsunami.

•W

eb-based information system

.•

Deploym

ents (supported by IBM

): ●

Sri Lanka Tsunam

i (2005)●

Pakistan earthquake (2005)●

Philippine mudslide (2006)

●Indonesia earthquake (2006)

●Peru earthquake (2007)

●M

yanmar cyclone (2008)

●C

hina earthquake (2008)

•Free Softw

are Aw

ard for Social Benefit (2007).

•38,000+ Sourceforge dow

nloads since 2005.

Sahana means relief in Sinhalese

Slide: 32

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Cam

p Registry

Slide: 33

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Missing Person R

egistry

Slide: 34

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Sahana - Our C

ontribution•

Volunteer M

anagement (V

M) m

odule (2006-2009)

•M

anages volunteers during a recovery effort.

•T

rinity College, W

esleyan University and C

onnecticut College students.

•A

ccepted into Sahana in 2007.

•D

eployments:

●N

YC

, Office of E

mergency M

anagement, disaster preparedness.

●G

alveston TX

, disaster preparedness.●

VM

OSS (Standalone V

M) over 600 dow

nloads in 1 year.●

Used as a teaching tool in undergraduate courses.

Sahana means relief in

Sinhalese

Slide: 35

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Volunteer M

anagement M

odule

•M

ay 2008, China D

eployment

•C

hengdu, Colom

bo, NY

C, H

artford

collaboration.

•B

log: http://blog.hfoss.org/

Slide: 36

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Portab

le Open

Search I

den

tification T

ool

•Crisis R

ecovery Tool: V

ictim S

earch an

d D

iscovery

•G

oogle A

ndro

id FO

SS

•O

pen

Han

dset A

lliance

•Ph

one, G

PS, C

amera, W

iFi, Com

pass

•co

de.g

oogle.co

m/p

/posit-an

dro

id

•Prasan

na G

autam

(Trinity, 2

011)

Slide: 37

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Open M

edical Record System

•E

lectronic Medical R

ecord System started in 2004.

•D

eveloped by Partners in Health and R

egenstrief Institute.

•G

oal: Self-sustaining health IT for developing w

orld.

•Im

plementations: R

wanda, K

enya, South Africa, L

esotho,

Zim

babwe, M

ozambique, U

ganda, Tanzania, Haiti.

•Supporters: W

HO

, CD

C, R

ockefeller Foundation, Google

Summ

er of Code.

Slide: 38

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Open M


Rw

inkwavu

Hospital,

Rw

anda, Oct. ‘07

Slide: 39

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Open M


Slide: 40

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


OpenM

RS – O

ur Contribution

•H

-FOSS Sum

mer Institute 2007, 2008, 2009

•Touchscreen Toolkit (G

iovanni Capalbo, T

rinity, '08)

●Sourceforge: A

utoTouch, 70+ dow

nloads

•Im

age capture and upload (Rachel Foecking, T

rinity '11)

•N

on-numeric data representation (V

. Agraw

al, Trinity '10)

•U

sed as teaching/development platform

in software

engineering courses.

Slide: 41

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Touch

screen M

odule

Slide: 42

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Exam

ple: FO

SS 1

01

•CS0 g

eneral ed

ucatio

n co

urse.

•N

o p

rerequisites.

•M

ath d

istributio

n cred

it.•

Goals:

•In

troduce p

rogram

min

g in

a FOSS co

ntext.

•Engag

e studen

ts in d

iscussio

n o

f the FO

SS

impact o

n so

ciety.•

Get stu

den

ts to see th

e relevance o

f CS to

their

lives.

Slide: 43

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Exam

ple: FO

SS 3

01

•Softw

are engin

eering o

r develo

pm

ent co

urse.

•CS1 an

d/o

r CS2 p

rerequisites.

•Engag

e in a real FO

SS p

roject.

•Sah

ana

•O

pen

MRS

•M

ozilla

•N

eeded

: Men

tors fro

m th

e FOSS co

mm

unity.

•Sharin

g an

d co

llaborative in

-class cultu

re.

•W

orkin

g in

teams (co

mm

unities).

Slide: 44

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Classro

om

cultu

re: Sharin

g an

d C

ollab

oratio

n

•Com

putatio

nal assig

nm

ents are d

isplayed

, discu

ssed o

pen

ly.•

Stu

den

ts are enco

urag

ed to

help

each o

ther an

d sh

are their so

lutio

ns an

d in

sights.

•Stu

den

ts work in

teams o

n p

rogram

min

g an

d w

riting assig

nm

ents (d

ocu

men

tation, b

logs, w

ikis).•

Stu

den

ts play a ro

le in g

radin

g (p

eer-to-p

eer).•

Professo

rs learn stu

ff from

studen

ts.

Slide: 45

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Conclusions

•FO

SS m

ethodolo

gy is a sig

nifican

t develo

pm

ent

in so

ftware en

gin

eering.

●Softw

are engin

eering an

d so

ftware d

evelopm

ent

courses.

●Learn

by jo

inin

g FO

SS co

mm

unities.

•The FO

SS p

hilo

sophy an

d m

ovemen

t are im

portan

t for so

ciety at large.

●G

eneral ed

ucatio

n co

urses in

com

puter scien

ce.●

Acro

ss the cu

rriculu

m: eco

nom

ics (micro

finan

ce), politics

(grass ro

ots m

ovemen

ts), med

ia …

Slide: 46

The H

umanitarian-F

OS

S P

roject Linköping U


Than

k You!

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