Lori Eberhardt Rahill ~ Residential Custom Interior Artwork Portfolio
Source: Prof. Scott Eberhardt Capsule-0
Transcript of Source: Prof. Scott Eberhardt Capsule-0
AE-714_332M Aircraft Design Capsule-0Source: Prof. Scott Eberhardt
AE-714_332M Aircraft Design Capsule-0
Cost is the Key !
Needs to be established very early in design Paradigm shift in Aircraft Design
‘Performance at any cost’ 1940
‘Design-to-cost’ 1970
‘Design-to-LCC’ 2000
Requirements drive cost Requirements always creep Costs increase
Classic examples: B-2, F 22, F-35, ….
AE-714_332M Aircraft Design Capsule-0
The Conceptual/Preliminary “Design Process”
Design Requirements
(“musts”)&
Objectives (“wants”)
“ A problem properly posed is half solved”
Aerodynamics
Structures
Propulsion
Systems
Controls
Software
Manufacturing
TradeStudies
&Testing
Integration
What would happen if:
• Requirements change• Constraints change• Assumptions change
Resources
Marketing
Otherexternal factors
Meets DR&Os ??
Yes !
No !
Reject ?
or
Proceed
TheDesign
Source: Prof. Scott Eberhardt
Radius of Spiral Suggests Range of Feasible Choices
IncreasingUnderstanding
Analysis Synthesis
Decisions
The Design Spiral
Source: Introduction to Aeronautics: A Design Perspective, Brandt, Stiles, Bertin, Whitford, 2nd ed., AIAA Education Series, 2004
AE-714_332M Aircraft Design Capsule-0
Aircraft Development Process
Mission Requirements
Wind Tunnel Testing ComputationalFlow Simulations
CAD / CAM
ComputationalFlow Simulations
Performance& Cost Goals Conceptual Design
Preliminary Design
Detailed Design & Manufacturing
Flight Testing
Production
AE-714_332M Aircraft Design Capsule-0
Aircraft Conceptual Design ProcessConcepts Technology
General Layout
Initial Sizing & Layout
Aerodynamics
Propulsion
Mass Estimation
Sizing & Performance Optimization
Modified Layout
Cost Estimation
Structures
Landing Gear
Refined Sizing & Performance Optimization
Preliminary Design
Requirements
Source: Aircraft Design, A Conceptual Approach, Dan Raymer, 4th Ed. AIAA Education Series, 2006
AE-714_332M Aircraft Design Capsule-0
Beginning Conceptual Design
Jet engine powered
Or, propeller?
Source: Prof. Scott Eberhardt
AE-714_332M Aircraft Design Capsule-0
Conceptual Design
Land based
Or, amphibian?
Source: Prof. Scott Eberhardt
AE-714_332M Aircraft Design Capsule-0
Conceptual Design
Wing mountedengines
Or, tailmounted?
Source: Prof. Scott Eberhardt
Requirements Capture
Understanding exactly what the Customer wants
Understanding the priorities of Customer’s needs
Identifying the features in the design that will
help in meeting these needs
result in highest customer satisfaction
Comparative analysis of competitor's designs
identifying areas where they are better/superior
identifying areas of superiority & leadership
identifying areas offering scope for improvement
What is Requirements Capture ?
AE-714_332M Aircraft Design Capsule-0
Part of First US Military Airplane Specifications
Source: Prof. Scott Eberhardt
AE-714_332M Aircraft Design Capsule-0
Typical Design Requirements : MJFPARAMETER REQUIREMENT
Combat Mission Radius 400 nm
Weapons Payload 2 AIM-120, 4 x 2000 lb MK-84
600 rounds 20 mm ammunition
Takeoff Distance 2,000 ft
Landing Distance 2,000 ft
Max Mach Number M = 1.8 at optimum altitude at Wmana
Instantaneous Turn Rate 18 deg/sec at M = 0.9, 20,000 ft MSLb at Wman
Ps 800 ft/sec, M = 0.9, 5,000 ft MSL at Wman
Sustained g 4-g at M = 1.2, 20,000 ft MSL at Wman
9-g at M = 0.9, 5,000 ft MSL at Wmana. The maneuver weight (Wman) is the aircraft weight with 50% internal fuel, two AIM-120 AMRAAM
missiles, and full cannon ammunition, but no air-to-ground weapons.
b. The abbreviation MSL signifies altitude above mean sea level, the average elevation of the Earth’s oceans
AE-714_332M Aircraft Design Capsule-0
Typical Mission Profile: MJF
AE-714_332M Aircraft Design Capsule-0
Multirole Jet Fighter Aircraft
AE-714_332M Aircraft Design Capsule-0
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONSDifferent for different types of aircraft