SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes...

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SOUND ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS

Transcript of SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes...

Page 1: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

SOUND

ESSENTIALCONCEPTS

Page 2: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

Whatissoundincinema?

•  Flexible&widerangingtechnique

•  Itshapesourunderstandingofafilm

•  Itdirectsourattention

Page 3: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

•  Isnotsimplyanaccompanimenttotherealbasisofcinema,themovingimages

•  Whethernoticedornot,soundisapowerfulfilmtechnique

•  Itcanactivelyshapehowweperceive&interprettheimage

•  Itgivesanewvaluetosilence

Considerthatsound…

Page 4: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

•  Withtheintroductionofsoundcinema,theinfinityofvisualpossibilitieswasjoinedby theinfinityofacousticevents

•  Ithasasmanycreativepossibilitiesasediting

•  Itisnotenoughtoname&classify.Itisimportanttoexaminehowthetypesofsoundfunctioninthetotalfilm

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Threetypesofsoundinfilm

•  Speech•  Music•  Soundeffects

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Threeaspectsoffilmsound

I.Fundamentalsofsound– Perceptualproperties– Selection,alteration,combination

II.Dimensionsoffilmsound

– Rhythm– Fidelity– Space– Time

III.Functionsoffilmsound

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Fundamentalsoffilmsound

1.Perceptualproperties

•  Severalpropertiesarefamiliarfromeverydayexperience:loudness,pitch,timbre

•  Loudness:resultsfromvibrationsintheair.Filmsoundconstantlymanipulatesvolume.Alsorelatedtoperceiveddistance

•  Pitch:theperceived“highness”or“lowness”ofthesound–e.g.,violinsplayedatextraordinarilyhighpitchintheshowersceneofPsycho–shrilleffect

Page 8: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

1.Perceptualproperties-cont.

•  Timbre:tonequality,or“color”.Itdescribesthe“feel”ofasound–e.g.,anasalvoice,amellowtoneIneverydaylife,therecognitionofafamiliarsoundislargelyamatterofvariousaspectsoftimbre

Loudness,pitch&timbreinteracttodefinethe

overallsonictextureofafilm

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2.Selection,alteration&combination

•  Speech,music&soundeffectsareselected&combinedforspecificfunctionswithinfilms

•  Thesoundtrackdemandsasmuchchoice&controlasdoesthevisualtrack

•  Sometimesthesoundtrackisconceivedbeforetheimagetrack–e.g.studio-animatedcartoons,sothatfiguresmaybesynchronizedwithsound,framebyframe.BugsBunny&DaffyDuckcartoons

Page 10: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

2.Selection,alteration,combination-cont

•  Soundeffectsareusuallycentraltoactionsequences

•  Musiccandominatedancescenes,transitionsequences,oremotion-ladenmomentswithoutdialogue

•  Increatingasoundtrack,thefilmmakermustselectsoundsthatwillfulfillaparticular

•  Likethecameralens,themicrophonedoesnotautomaticallyfilteroutwhatisdistracting

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2.Selection,alteration,combination– cont

•  Filmsoundisnormallyreprocessedtoyieldexactlythequalitiesdesired

•  A“dryrecording”ofthesoundinafairlynonreflectivespacewillbemanipulatedelectronicallytoyieldthedesiredeffect–e.g.,thevoiceofsomeoneonthephoneistreatedwithfilterstomakeitmoretiny&muffled

•  Therhythm,melody,harmony&instrumentationof

themusiccanstronglyaffecttheviewer’semotionalreactions

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II.Dimensionsoffilmsound

Thewayinwhichthesoundsrelatetootherfilmelementsgivesthemseveralotherdimensions:

• Rhythm•  Fidelity•  Space•  Time

Thesecategoriesrevealthatsoundinfilmoffersagreat

manycreativepossibilitiestothefilmmaker

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II.Dimensionsoffilmsound

1.Rhythm

•  Rhythminvolvesabeat,orpulse,apace,ortempo,andapatternofaccents,orstronger&weakerbeats

•  Allthesefeaturesaremostrecognizableinfilmmusic,sincebeat,tempo&accentarebasiccompositionalfeatures

Page 14: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

1.Rhythm-cont

•  Themostcommontendencyisforthefilmmakertomatchvisual&sonicrhythmstoeachother

•  Inthe1930sanimatedfilmsofWaltDisney,thecharactersoftenmoveinexactsynchronizationwiththemusic,evenwhentheyarenotdancing

Page 15: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

1.Rhythm-cont

Someinterestingexampleofrhythminfilm:

TheBandConcert(1935)DisneycartoonAlexanderNevsky(1938)dir.SergeiEisensteinTheLastoftheMohicans(1992)dir.MichaelMannBabyDriver(2017)dir.EdgarWrightIfBealeStreetCouldTalk(2018)dir.BarryJenkins

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II.Dimensionsoffilmsound

2.Fidelity

•  Fidelityreferstotheextenttowhichthesoundisfaithfultothesourceasweconceiveit-e.g.,abarkandadog

•  Whenwebecomeawarethatasoundisunfaithfultoitssource,thatawarenessisusuallyusedforcomiceffect-e.g.thefilmsofFrenchcomedianJacquesTati

Page 17: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

II.Dimensionsofsound

3.Soundinspace•  Soundhasaspatialdimensionbecauseitcomes

fromasource

•  Diegeticsound:itssourceisinthestoryworld–e.g.,soundsmadebyobjectsinthestory,wordsspokenbycharacters,musiccomingfrominstrumentsplayedonscreen,orheardfromdevices(radio,television,computer,etc)

Page 18: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

3.Non-diegeticsound

•  Non-diegeticsound:comesfromasourceoutsidethestoryworld.Musicaddedtoenhancethefilm’sactionisthemostcommontype

•  Non-diegeticmeans“notfromtheworldofthestory”.Forexample,apieceofmusicusedtoenhanceemotionsorsuspense,inthesoundtrack,notaspartofwhatishappeningonthescreen

Page 19: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

3.Soundinspace-cont

•  Diegeticsoundcanbeeitheronscreenoroffscreen,dependingonwhetheritssourceiswithintheframeoroutsidetheframe

•  AmericanGraffiti(1973)playsheavilyonthedistinctionbetweendiegeticandno-ndiegeticmusic

•  Theuseofsoundtoenteracharacter’smindissocommonthatweneedtodistinguishbetweeninternal&externaldiegeticsound

Page 20: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

3.Soundinspace-cont

Twointerestingcases:•  ThesoliloquiesofHamlet,intheLaurenceOlivier

1948version:internaldiegeticsound–we“hear”thethoughtsofHamlet,comingfrom“inside”hismind

•  WingsofDesire(1987):theangelscanaccesstheinternaldiegeticsoundoftheinhabitantsofBerlin

Page 21: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

3.Soundinspace-summary

Soundmaybe diegetic–inthestoryspace non-diegetic–outsidethestoryspace

Ifitisdiegetic,itcanbe onscreen offscreen

And internal(“subjective”)

external(“objective”)

Page 22: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

3.Soundinspace-examples

•  Stagecoach(1939)dir.JohnFord•  TheMagnificentAmbersons(1942)dir.OrsonWelles•  Who’sMindingtheStore?(1963)dir.FrankTashlin•  StarWars(1977)dir.GeorgeLucas•  ApocalypseNow(1979)dir.FrancisCoppola•  Unstoppable(2010)dir.TonyScott•  Dunkirk(2017)dir.ChristopherNolan

Page 23: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

II.Dimensionsofsound

4.Time

•  Soundalsopermitsthefilmmakertorepresenttimeinvariousways

•  Thisisbecausethetimerepresentedonthesoundtrackmayormaynotbethesameasthatrepresentedintheimage

•  Synchronoussound–matchingsoundwithimageinprojection

Page 24: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

4.Soundintime

Withrespecttotheimageonscreen,soundcanbe:

1.Simultaneousinstorywithimage Themostcommontemporalrelationwhich soundhasinfictionfilms.Noise,music,or

speechthatcomesfromthespaceofthe storyoccursatthesametimeastheimage.

Itcanbeexternal(objective)orinternal (subjective)

2.Earlierinthestorythanimage3.Laterinstorythanimage

Page 25: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

4.Soundintime-Sonicflashback

Itispossibleforthesoundweheartooccurearlierorlaterinthestorythantheeventswhichweseeintheimage.Itisnon-simultaneouswiththeactiononthescreen

ThemostcommonexampleisthesonicflashbackInasonicflashback,weseeacharacteronscreenin

thepresentbuthearanothercharacter’svoicefromanearliersceneThissonicfashbackcanhaveanexternalorinternalsource

Page 26: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

4.Soundintime–Non-diegeticsound

Mostnon-diegeticsoundhasnorelevanttemporal

relationshiptothestoryButoccasionallythefilmmakermayusenon-diegetic

soundthathasadefinedtemporalrelationshiptothestory,e.g.,OrsonWelles’narrationinTheMagnificentAmbersons(1942)speaksoftheactionashavinghappenedinalong-vanishederaofAmericanhistory

Page 27: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

4.Soundintime-cont

Soundbridge–atransitionaldevicebywhichthesoundfromthenextscenetobeginwhiletheimagesofthelastonearestillonthescreen

InM(1931,FritzLang),theinspectorspeaksofthe

pencilinthewindowsillandthefilmcutstothewindowsill.Theburglarspeaksoftheabandonnedfactory,andthefilmcutstothefactory

Page 28: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

II.Dimensionsofsound

•  Bybecomingawareoftherichrangeofpossibilities,wearelesslikelytotakeafilm’ssoundtrckforgranted,&aremorelikelytonoticeunusualsoundmanipulations–e.g.,TheConversation(1974)dir.FrancisCoppola

•  Wequicklylearntodistinguishbetweeninternal&external,diegetic&non-diegetic,simultaneous

&non-simultaneous

Page 29: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

Useofsoundinfilm-examples

TheJazzSinger(1927)dir.AlanCroslandLoveMeTonight(1932)dir.RoubenMamoulianModernTimes(1936)dir.CharlieChaplinWomanoftheYear(1942)dir.GeorgeStevensThePirate(1948)dir.VincenteMinelliFantasia(1940)DisneystudiosSingin’intheRain(1952)dir.StanleyDonenLesvacancesdeM.Hulot(1953)ThreeColors:Blue(1993)TheThinRedLine(1998)dir.TerrenceMalickRoadtoPerdition(2002)dir.SamMendes

Page 30: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

Jobsinsoundforfilms

•  Sounddesigner•  Boomoperator•  Fieldrecordist•  Soundeditor•  Foleyartist•  Filmcomposer•  Soundmixer•  Scoringmixer•  Re-recordingmixer•  Engineer

Page 31: SOUND - csun.edumed61203/Film Art Sound.pdf · 3. Non-diegetic sound • Non-diegetic sound: comes from a source outside the story world. Music added to enhance the film’s action

Source

ThisoutlinefollowstheconceptsoneditingdevelopedbyDavidBordwell&KristinThompsonintheirFilmArt,AnIntroduction(2001)Thelistoffilmexampleshasbeenpreparedby

MaríaElenadelasCarreras


Is it largely diegetic or non-diegetic? - BFI

Is it largely diegetic or non-diegetic? - BFI

SOUND EFFECTS - URLbiblio3.url.edu.gt/Publi/Libros/2013/Cinematic-Storytelling/06.pdf · called non-diegetic. 6 SOUNO EFFECTS For our pJll"poses we can divide sound effects into four

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Toy Story Media Language Analysis of …. Sound In the animated film Toy Story 3 there are many diegetic and non-diegetic noises which create an effect.

Toy Story Media Language Analysis of …. Sound In the animated film Toy Story 3 there are many diegetic and non-diegetic noises which create an effect.

Waves and Sound - LANDOSlandos.stri.kmutnb.ac.th/.../uploads/2014/11/L9-Waves-and-Sound.pdf · Waves and Sound . Outline ... provided the end of the slinky is moved in simple harmonic

Waves and Sound - LANDOSlandos.stri.kmutnb.ac.th/.../uploads/2014/11/L9-Waves-and-Sound.pdf · Waves and Sound . Outline ... provided the end of the slinky is moved in simple harmonic

Diegetic vs. Non Diegetic Audio

Diegetic vs. Non Diegetic Audio

Diegetic Videogame-Music

Diegetic Videogame-Music

Game Sound Technology and Player Interaction · Diegetic Music differences to non-diegetic music regarding inner-musical properties, its functional use, and its staging and implementation.

Game Sound Technology and Player Interaction · Diegetic Music differences to non-diegetic music regarding inner-musical properties, its functional use, and its staging and implementation.

Learning Outcomes€¦ · can be classified as being either diegetic or non-diegetic. •This relates to the way sound is used within the narrative; diegesis translates to ‘narrator’

Learning Outcomes€¦ · can be classified as being either diegetic or non-diegetic. •This relates to the way sound is used within the narrative; diegesis translates to ‘narrator’

Chapter3 Experiment1: Sound - Northwestern Universitygroups.physics.northwestern.edu/lab/third/sound.pdf · The speed of sound is noticeably slower than the speed of light over distances

Chapter3 Experiment1: Sound - Northwestern Universitygroups.physics.northwestern.edu/lab/third/sound.pdf · The speed of sound is noticeably slower than the speed of light over distances

Candidate evidence - Understanding Standards...where you can explain the sound (diegetic I non-diegetic) that will be heard during these storyboards. National 5 Media Assignment 2017

Candidate evidence - Understanding Standards...where you can explain the sound (diegetic I non-diegetic) that will be heard during these storyboards. National 5 Media Assignment 2017

Non diegetic music

Non diegetic music

Building Cultural Bridgesferrislibrary.weebly.com/uploads/2/1/0/0/21004212/10_springboard_… · diegetic sound non-diegetic sound logos pathos ethos tone storyboard ACADEMIC VOCABULARY

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Sound in Computer Games - University of Edinburgh · • Diegetic - “Sneaking as a concept would in fact be impossible without an understanding of whether a sound can be heard by

Sound in Computer Games - University of Edinburgh · • Diegetic - “Sneaking as a concept would in fact be impossible without an understanding of whether a sound can be heard by

ARTIKEL JURNAL PENERAPAN INTERNAL DIEGETIC ...digilib.isi.ac.id/6176/6/JURNAL_1510081432.pdfpenerapan Internal Diegetic Sound, penonton mampu mendengar suara yang sama seperti apa

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Adding non-diegetic music

Adding non-diegetic music

msflanaganhscenglish.weebly.commsflanaganhscenglish.weebly.com/uploads/1/1/4/3/11430589/... · Web viewSound – diegetic sound of wind whistling Effect: establishing the scene and

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Contruction - Adding non diegetic sound

Contruction - Adding non diegetic sound

182 - The Tempest How does Music Affect a Scene · 2018. 6. 12. · • The difference between diegetic and non-diegetic sounds. • Using sound to provoke a particular reaction with

182 - The Tempest How does Music Affect a Scene · 2018. 6. 12. · • The difference between diegetic and non-diegetic sounds. • Using sound to provoke a particular reaction with

Diegetic to non-diegetic

Diegetic to non-diegetic

Media Studies - Web viewThe dark wizard Gellert Grindelwald is terrorizing the magical ... and sound effects like the screeches in the shower scene in Psycho. Diegetic Sound:

Media Studies - Web viewThe dark wizard Gellert Grindelwald is terrorizing the magical ... and sound effects like the screeches in the shower scene in Psycho. Diegetic Sound: