Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in...
-
Upload
harriet-bailey -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
0
Transcript of Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in...
![Page 1: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Soul and Motown
![Page 2: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The 1960’sTime of change –
“The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary War.” Charles T. Brown,
The Art of Rock and Roll
![Page 3: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
60’s cont.1950’s were conservative
(Republican)
1960’s were liberal (Democratic)
Politics based on philosophical values
Much tumult and confusion
![Page 4: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Important 60’s personsJohn F. Kennedy
Elected President in 1960 Young, handsome family man Great speaker, held crowds captive Proposed a “New Frontier”
Spread wealth to all America Help in other parts of the world
![Page 5: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Administration compared to “Camelot”
Symbol of hope for the young and oppressed minorities
Was not a W.A.S.P. (White Anglo Saxon Protestant)
Assassinated in 1963
![Page 6: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Important 60’s personsMartin Luther King, Jr.
Civil rights leader, minister Advocated non-violent change Declared “I have a dream” – famous
speech given in Washington D.C.
![Page 8: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Presented optimistic view of social change
View changed with the Watts (part of Los Angeles) riots of 1967
Assassinated in 1968 Changed the face of civil rights movement
![Page 9: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Important 60’s personsLyndon B. Johnson
Kennedy’s Vice-President Responsible for legislating most of
Kennedy’s dreams Peace Corps Civil Rights Act of 1964 Nuclear arms limitations
![Page 11: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Johnson cont.Viet Nam War escalations caused
him to lose credibilityDid not seek a second term
Also remember – Robert F. Kennedy, Malcolm X (assassinated)
![Page 13: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
1960’s trends and thingsHippies / flower power / “goin’ to San
Francisco” Haight-Ashbury district
Drugs / counter-culture / “purple haze” LSD new drug
Black Panthers / violent black powerSDS, Weathermen/ violent white groupsSexual revolution / “if you can’t be with
the one you love, love the one you’re with”
![Page 15: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Student protests / “four dead in Ohio”Focused on moral, philosophical issues
Draft Viet Nam War Civil rights
![Page 16: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Many student protests on college campuses
Some protests became violentKent State University in Ohio
4 students killed by National Guard
![Page 17: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Soul Music1964 – Billboard replaced “R&B” with
“Soul” New description for black music Included gospel and blues Early development centered in Memphis
Southern influences
![Page 18: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Muscle Shoals Southern recording center Often recorded here for a more “hometown
type of production” Muscle Shoals Sound Rhythm Section
Served as backup band for a variety of performers and styles
![Page 19: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Soul style description Blues / shouting / gospel style From Afro-American blues style Call-and-response Emotional and physical (preaching) Harder edge than Motown
![Page 20: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Soul PerformersAretha Franklin – “1st Lady of Soul”
Born in 1942 – Memphis Father was a reverend in Detroit Began as a gospel singer 1st solo @ church age 12
![Page 21: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Followed career path of Sam Cooke - close friend
Large gospel influencesVery polished sound
Could have been Motown?Big hits
“Respect” – #1 1967 voice for Black Power “Think”
“Natural Woman” “Chain of Fools” many others
![Page 22: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Soul performers cont.James Brown – “Godfather of Soul”
Born in Georgia in 1933 Began in gospel choirs Harsh guttural screaming Very physical performer
Gyrating, splits, sweat
![Page 24: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Sounds of early funk Choked guitar Staccato bass Full horn section
“The hardest working man in show business”
![Page 25: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
James Brown Radio1965 bought 1st radio station
WJBE in Knoxville, Tenn.Soul, gospel, jazz formatTraining ground
Advertising, programming, managementTalk shows / editorials
Kids stay in school Parental support
![Page 26: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Otis Redding Born in Georgia in 1941 Father was a part time preacher – Otis
sang regularly in church choirs Inspired by Little Richard, James Brown,
Lena Horne Began as a Little Richard impersonator
![Page 28: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Appeared at Monterey Pop Festival in 1967; introduced to white audiences
“I Can’t Turn You Loose” “Respect” (Aretha Franklin biggie)
“Dock of the Bay” Last album released Considered the
“Dictionary of Soul”
![Page 29: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Established summer camp for underprivileged children
Died in a plane crash 1967 “Dock of the Bay” reached #1 on the pop
charts 3 months later
![Page 30: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Other soul biggiesSam and Dave – from Georgia
“Soul Man”Percy Sledge – from Alabama
“When a Man Loves a Woman”Wilson Pickett – Alabama
“In the Midnight Hour”
![Page 32: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Soul would continue “. . . there is no question that the
soul/blues/shouting/gospel tradition continued in the funk, rap and fusion music of the 1970’s and the 1980’s” Charles T. Brown
The Art of Rock and Roll
![Page 33: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
MotownShort for Motor Town (Detroit)
- 535 singles in 1960’s - 357 made charts
- 67% success rate (10% normal)
Doo Wop roots Background vocal groups of 50’s Non-sense words often sung
![Page 34: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Motown cont.Berry Gordy, Jr.
Founded and created Motown Born 1929 in Detroit Had vision to create new black music Understood what would sell Maniacal drive to succeed
![Page 35: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Opened Motown records in 1960- other black labels folded
- “where it was happening in black music”
Trained his performers in showmanship, musicianship, etiquette, speech, behavior – succeed in white world
![Page 36: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Motown styleNot hard edge of soulSmooth and light textureEasily understandable lyricsFew blues tunes used
Chord progressions based on white forms
![Page 37: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
(style con’t.)Technically precise music
Gordie influence Only the best were released Car radio speaker used to sound test
the song Where most music was heard If it sounded good here, it was ready
![Page 38: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Holland-Dozier-Holland“one of the greatest songwriting teams of all time.” Rolling Stone
28 Top 20 hits in a three year span Wrote for many Motown groups (others)
“Heat Wave” “How Sweet It Is to be Loved by You” “Reach Out, I’ll Be There” “You Keep Me Hangin’ On” Many, many others
![Page 39: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Motown PerformersSupremes (Diana Ross)
Biggest success of Motown 10 #1 hits from 1964 to 1970
“Where Did Our Love Go” “Love Child”
![Page 40: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Marvin Gaye Signed with Motown in 1961 as drummer –
singer in 1962 Early hits
“How Sweet It Is to Be Loved By You” “Ain’t No Mountain High Enough” “Can I Get a Witness” more
![Page 42: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Style changed in 1971 Gained autonomy over his music
Left Motown in 1982 Began writing his own songs “What’s Goin’ On”
Biggest selling album 1st concept album Dealt with racism, war, ecology, etc.
“What’s Goin’ On” “Mercy, Mercy Me (The Ecology Song)” “Inner City Blues”
![Page 43: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Personal problems in later life – drugs, alcohol, marital
Died April 1, 1984 Shot by father during violent argument Father later acquitted (self defense)
![Page 44: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Stevie Wonder Started as Little Stevie Wonder Began as Ray Charles impersonator Very popular teen star
(the Rolling Stones were his opening act in 1964 – movie cameos)
“Finger Tips (Part 2)” – 1st hit “Signed, Sealed, Delivered I’m Yours”
![Page 46: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
1971 - Gained autonomy over his music 1st Motown artist to do this
“He broke out of the Motown mold to compose and produce a new kind of black music” Rolling Stone
Played most instruments on his recordings
“Superstition” – 1st #1 hit “Livin’ for the City” “You Are the Sunshine of My Life” “Sir Duke”
![Page 47: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Other Motown Biggies
The Temptations-”My Girl”, “Get Ready”
![Page 49: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Smokey Robinson, Jackson 5, The Four Tops, Gladys Knight and the Pips, etc.
![Page 50: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: Soul and Motown. The 1960’s Time of change – “The 1960’s reflected more intense change in the United States than any other time since the Revolutionary.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649cf95503460f949c9c4b/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Soul and Motown “Immortals”James Brown #7Aretha Franklin #9Stevie Wonder #15Marvin Gaye #18Otis Redding #21Smokey Robinson #32Michael Jackson #35