SOTECH 10-3 (May 2012)

Capability Builder

Maj. Gen. Ken TovoCommanderSpecial Operations Command Central

Portable Power O Robotics O 2012 Tactical Vehicle ReviewHandguns O SOCOM Acquisition Executive’s Views

May 2012 Volume 10, Issue 3

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World’s Largest Distributed Special Ops Magazine

EXCLUSIVE DUAL-LANGUAGE ARABIC-ENGLISH ISSUE

Exclusive Interview with:

Brig. gen.Khalid Bani Yaseen Jordan armed forcescommander Joint special operations

Middle East Special Operations

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SOFIC BOOTH # 1334May 2012 VoluMe 10 • Issue 3specIal operatIons technology

Features coVer / Q&a

DepartMents

InDustry InterVIew

2

3

22

36

Editor’s Perspective

Whispers/People

Black Watch

Calendar, Directory

Jerry Ageechairman, ceo and president

mBda

25

19

SOCOM ProcurementJames cluck, the top socom procurement executive, tells defense contractors what he expects from them, and what they can expect from him—including more emphasis on best value, and less stress on cost.By dave ahearn

Major General Ken Tovocommander

special operations command central

We provide a compendium of wheeled vehicles available for use by special operators, featuring the very latest in mobility technology from a score of vehicle providers.By dave ahearn

2012 Special OperatiOnS Tactical Vehicle Review

6

Portable Powertoday’s warfighter uses myriad systems requiring electrical power. We examine juice providers ranging from vehicles to solar generators.By henry canaday

15

Robotics While war will always involve casualties, the toll of tragedy has been cut decisively by hardy robots. We examine these mechanical warriors that allow warfighters to avoid being placed in harm’s way.By christian Bourge

28Handguns the military has some tried and true favorites in sidearms. But what are the chances the military may obtain an entirely new pistol?By henry canaday

34

A1

ARABIC-LANGUAGE INTERVIEWS

Brigadier general Khalid Bani YaseenJordan armed forcescommander-Joint special operations

major general Ken tovocommanderspecial operations command central

A4

4

Exclusive Interview with:Brigadier general Khalid Bani YaseenJordan armed forcescommander Joint special operations

37

For those who give all, it is only right to give, to help their loved ones in a time of suffering and loss.

While it is, unfortunately, not rare for a special operator to make the ulti-mate sacrifice in theater, he shouldn’t have to lay down his life in his own home.

But that is just what happened when Chief Warrant Officer Edward Cantrell found his home ablaze, and his two daughters—ages 6 and 4—trapped inside.

Without a thought for his own safety, Cantrell dashed into the house in Hope Mills, N.C., near Fort Bragg. But he perished in the flames as he tried to save the girls, leaving only his wife alive. This is typical of the character of special operators.

According to the Army Special Forces Command, Cantrell was born in Dyersburg, Tenn., joining the Army in 1994 as a military policeman. He earned his Green Beret in 2004 at Fort Bragg, buying his family home in Hope Mills.

A charity is collecting donations through the Army Special Operations Command’s Facebook page, providing an opportunity for others to help a family suffering such an immense loss.

About this issue: We’re proud to present this issue for your enjoyment. For the first time, Special Operations Technology is publishing an Arabic-English issue, which will be distributed at SOFEX, the Special Operations Forces Exhibition & Conference in Amman, Jordan; the Middle East Special Operations Commanders Conference; and the Warrior Competition of the King Abdullah II Special Operations Training Center.

We interviewed Brigadier General Khalid Bani Yaseen, Jordan Armed Forces, commander-joint Special Operations, and have presented the conversation in both Arabic and English.

We are fortunate to headline our Q&A Interview with Major General Ken Tovo, commander, Special Operations Command Central. His interview is also presented in both Arabic and English.

We also offer a special annual report, the 2012 Tactical Vehicles Review, a compendium of the enormously varied vehicles that can be used by special operators.

And we have detailed feature stories on James Cluck, the top SOCOM procurement executive, in a frank airing of views with hundreds of defense contractors, portable power on the battlefield that can lessen the weighty burden of batteries carried by warfighters, on robotics taking on dangerous duties to remove humans from harm’s way, and more.

We hope you find this issue of interest and value.

Dave AhearnEditor

World’s Largest Distributed Special Ops Magazine

eDItorIal

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Air Force Colonel Scott A. Howell, who has been selected for the rank of brigadier general, special assistant to the commander, U.S. Special Operations Command, MacDill Air Force Base, Fla., has been named deputy director of operations, J3, U.S. Special Operations Command, MacDill Air Force Base, Fla.

Brigadier General Paul J. LaCamera, who has been selected for the rank

of major general, deputy commanding general, 25th Infantry Division, Schofield Barracks, Hawaii, has been named deputy commanding general, U.S. Army Special Operations Command, Fort Bragg, N.C.

Colonel Timothy P. McGuire, who has been selected for the rank of brigadier general, deputy chief, legislative liaison, Office of the Secretary of the Army, Washington, D.C., has been named

deputy commander, 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), Fort Campbell, Ky.

Brigadier General Michael X. Garrett, chief of staff, 18th Airborne Corps, Fort Bragg, N.C., has been named commanding general, U.S. Army Alaska/deputy commander, U.S. Alaskan Command, Fort Richardson, Alaska.

Brigadier General Stephen A. Clark,

director, plans, programs, requirements, and assessments, Headquarters Air Force Special Operations Command, Hurlburt Field, Fla., has been assigned to deputy commander, Joint Special Operations Command, Special Operations Command, Fort Bragg, N.C.

Brigadier General Marshall B. Webb, assistant commander, support, Joint Special Operations Command,

Special Operations Command, Fort Bragg, N.C., has been assigned to director, plans, programs, requirements, and assessments, Headquarters Air Force Special Operations Command, Hurlburt Field, Fla.

Streamlight appointed Kevin Hayes regional manager of the military and federal government sales team, a new position. He is an Army veteran.

SOCOM Requests Information for New Contract

Special Operations Command requested information from vendors for a new, $97.8 million requirements anal-ysis, prototyping, training, operations and rehearsal III (RAPTOR III) contract.

The old April 2009 RAPTOR II engi-neering and program management contract is nearing the $48.9 million ceiling on its expenditure of funds, so SOCOM wishes to replace and expand it with a new RAPTOR III contract.

Seeking information toward the new contract is the Army Program Executive Office for Simulation, Training and Instrumentation (PEO STRI), Product Manager for Special Operations Forces (SOF) Training Systems.

Mission preparedness, rehearsal and training include primarily SOF tasks and include the joint community that SOCOM operates and interfaces with such as the NATO special forces partners and other government agencies.

The RAPTOR III program will be executed as a small business set-aside competition to result in a single-award indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity (IDIQ) contract. The estimated ceiling of this IDIQ is $97.8 million.

Further information is available on Fed Biz Opps, at solicitation number W900KK-12-R-0022.

The new contract is to be managed by the PEO STRI Acquisition Center.

SOCOM Selects Firms for Land Navigation Training

SystemsSOCOM selected SAIC, Riptide and Raveon to field the land

navigation training system for special forces.This system will ensure soldiers’ safety while they perform

night and day operations. Riptide’s Excon software will track the soldiers, provide automated alerts when soldiers ingress/egress geographical boundaries, and allow emergency response personnel to locate and assist soldiers in distress.

This system combines exercise command and control and after action review capabilities with the Raveon radio and SAIC’s communication infrastructure and integration.

This opportunity came from their work on the HITS contract that created a very low cost, easy-to-use system for the Army.

The proposal effort included two demonstrations that proved the system was easy to set up, easy to operate, and provided special operations personnel with everything they needed to conduct a land navigation exercise successfully.

Team Set to Provide Software Aid to SOCOM Cybrix Group was selected by SRA International

to join in providing IT assistance to SOCOM.Cybrix will identify how these applications can

be tailored or customized to better meet SOCOM’s needs and requirements.

Skip Durbin, Cybrix Group contracts manage-ment officer said, “We have a long history with [SOCOM], which contributes to our effectiveness.

SRA International can leverage this relationship to quickly make an impact.”

The project will require Cybrix Group to assist SOCOM with applications management, and will include a review and evaluation of all SOCOM software, much of which is similar to the applications used by many of the world’s largest corporations.

Cybrix will identify how these applications can be tailored or customized to better meet unique SOCOM needs and requirements so that they are truly enterprisewide solutions. The project will also require Cybrix Group to look for opportunities to develop automated processes to further streamline these applications, increase efficiencies and opti-mize the user experience.

Compiled by KMi Media Group staffWHISPERS

Compiled by KMi Media Group staffPEOPLE

www.SOTECH-kmi.com SOTECH 10.3 | 3

Q: Can you give me a little background on the organization, size and structure of Jordanian Special Operations Command?

A: Since their establishment in 1963, the Jordanian special opera-tions forces were meant to be flexible and dynamic, in order to successfully face the ever-changing threats to our national secu-rity. Their organizational structure has evolved significantly over the past half-century, as internal and external threats changed. In a nutshell, our special operations forces evolved from a multi-task company-size parachute unit in the early 1960s to brigade-size in the early 1980s, with more specialized units, including a parachute unit, special forces unit and a small counter-terrorism unit.

With the beginning of this century and the emergence of new threats to national security, Jordan established paramili-tary troops—the Gendarmerie. The new military force was, and remains, tasked with countering homeland security threats, thus allowing the Special Operations Forces to focus on homeland defense threats. Therefore, the concept changed accordingly, from special operations to joint special operations. The new organiza-tion of the Royal Joint Special Operations consists mainly of three main brigades with all standard support and service units that facilitate operations and training.

The Special Forces Brigade consists of a special forces group, a counter-terrorism battalion and a combat search-and-rescue bat-talion. This brigade is mainly equipped and trained to successfully fight unconventional threats, with a good capability to also face conventional ones.

The Rangers Brigade is more geared towards fighting conven-tional threats, with good capabilities to support internal security operations.

The Special Operations Aviation Brigade provides the joint task forces with mobility, timely response capabilities and insertion platforms, especially for the counter-terrorism teams.

Q: Jordan has a world-class training facility at the King Abdullah Special Operations Training Center. How has this facility helped foster close relations with your regional allies and how has train-ing and working with your fellow special operators enhanced your capabilities?

A: The King Abdullah II Special Operations Training Center [KASOTC] is indeed a one-of-a-kind facility in the region. It was conceived to be a training hub for elite forces, law enforcement and counter-terrorism operators not only in the region, but world-

wide. KASOTC offers trainees a unique opportunity to gain experi-ence and knowledge, and to interact with similar forces from other countries, which will create a pool of highly qualified professionals who can meet the challenges of cross-borders threats.

The center’s instructors come from all over the world and were carefully selected in light of their very strong qualifications and solid experience, which is a tremendous asset to all those who participate in training at KASOTC.

Q: In today’s global environment, do you encourage your special forces to work with and get to know the special operations forces of countries outside the region?

A: In his speech after 9/11, His Majesty King Abdullah pointed out how, while the enemies of peace and security are united and are working together internationally, the friends of peace and security are still not coordinating and cooperating enough. To achieve His Majesty’s vision for greater international coordina-tion and cooperation in the interest of international peace and security, the special operations forces are spearheading the Jor-dan armed forces’ efforts to enhance coordination with our coun-terparts regionally and globally, through more training exchange

Brigadier General Khalid Bani YaseenJordan Armed Forces

Commander Joint Special Operations

Special Forces LeaderCommander Sees Training, Global Links, C4ISR, Air Mobility as Critical

Q&AQ&A

www.SOTECH-kmi.com4 | SOTECH 10.3

opportunities, experience exchanges and even by carrying out real-life operations with other nations, such as those con-ducted in Afghanistan and elsewhere with our allies’ forces. And, as I mentioned previously, KASOTC was created as a focal point for the exchange of experiences and expertise regionally and internationally, to foster such vision.

Q: What technologies are you most inter-ested in acquiring for your special forces? Do you need to increase their lethality, mobility, communications, protection or other key areas?

A: Investing in our human capital is one of our top priorities in the process of develop-ing the capabilities of SOCOM. Hence, we never overlook the real needs for techno-logical tools that foster our capabilities. Presently, at the Joint Special Operations, we focus on utilizing and developing the concept of C4ISR. The Special Operations’ Aviation Brigade is crucial to the mobility of our units, so providing it with the necessary tools is also one of our priorities. Lastly, we shall keep providing our elite units with all they need to efficiently and effectively fight symmetric and asymmetric threats, including modern and efficient weaponry systems, and protective tools and materials.

Q: How important are your special forces to Jordan’s foreign policy of peacekeeping and humanitarian assistance? Do your forces have a role in such missions?

A: Jordan contributes one of the largest contingents to United Nations humanitarian operations and peace-keeping missions in various hot zones, such as Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ivory Coast and many other places. The number of Jordanians deployed in such operations exceeds 14,000 in over 13 countries. Most of these countries established military cooperation with Jordan as a result of the professionalism demonstrated by Jordanian soldiers in general, and special operations personnel in particular.

In 2004, His Majesty launched an unprecedented initiative to fight extremism and counter its radical narrations by hosting in Amman Muslim scholars from all around the world to invalidate extremist ideologies threatening international peace and secu-rity. This initiative produced the Amman Message, which seeks to spread the values of true Islam, which forbids wanton aggression and terrorism, upholds the values of human dignity, freedom, peace and justice. The Amman Message has been translated into actions on the ground in Afghanistan by the Jordanian special operators through a Military Information and Support Opera-tions program, to deny popular sympathy to the insurgents and lessen public hostility towards ISAF.

Q: What do you look for in recruits before accepting them into the Jordanian special forces? Can you describe your selection process?

A: Enrollment in the Jordan armed forces is on a voluntary basis, and this is obviously also true for the special operations. The first requirement for those willing to join their brothers in arms in the special operations is that they should successfully pass physical and mental fitness tests. From a psychological point of view, applicants are evaluated by a military psychologist in order to assess their personal and leadership traits. Then, applicants undergo a medical screening and an initial PT test. Those who make it through this preliminary selection phase are admitted to an endurance camp [boot camp] for a month of extensive train-ing. The camp is designed to test trainees’ ability to work under physical and mental stress. Upon completing the camp, recruits take ranger and parachute courses. After this second phase, they are sent to specialized courses to complete their military profes-sional training.

Q: What is your commander’s guidance and vision for the com-mand over the next 12 months?

A: We believe that manpower is the main component of special operations. We are very well aware of our soldiers’ capabilities and limitations. Therefore, it’s amongst my top priorities to enhance the quality of life of our soldiers and reach out to their families, especially those who lost their breadwinners. To this purpose, a family support team was established in our organization. We also seek to increase the capabilities of our NCOs and their role in the military decision-making process.

Secondly, we need to ensure that our training curricula and programs are up to the level of both our ambitions and the secu-rity threats we have to face. We need to focus more on training that fosters the joint task forces concept.

Thirdly, we need to pay attention to the development and evo-lution of technology, as we believe in providing our operators all they need to accomplish their mission. O

U.S. and Jordanian military leaders have formed close bonds. [Photo courtesy of DoD]


By Dave ahearn

SOTeCh eDiTOr

For special operators, and for combatants throughout the armed forces, no single vehicle can serve all of their transport requirements in the 21st-century battlefield.

Because a one-size-fits-all approach is infeasible, warriors require an array of rides, where some vehicles may provide exceptional speed and agility, others may accommodate many troops, and still others may offer a comprehensive cocoon of protection against enemy weapon blasts. This is why special operators can choose from more than 30 vehicles, a choice influenced by the mission: its length, the number of warfighters involved, the expected enemy threat level and more.

What is clear is that new threats looming in the current combat construct suggest strongly that new and better vehicles can save fuel—and lives. But some very good vehicles designed specifically to operate in the new conflict environment are barely into development, and already these transports are imperiled by something other than the enemy: the threat of deep defense spending cuts now being considered by Congress.

For example, the HMMWV Modernized Expanded Capac-ity Vehicle (MECV) would be built using some parts of exist-ing HMMWVs, and thus would be available quickly to provide improved protection for warfighters against IEDs. But the HMMWV program appears to be dead, although it has some backers in Congress. Another move to provide better transpor-tation to warfighters would be the Joint Light Tactical Vehicle

(JLTV). While the JLTV was dead for a while after a Senate move to kill its funding, it appears to be alive and moving forward.

It is clear there is keen competition among vehicle vendors to build the JLTV. While only up to three engineering, manufac-turing and development contracts will be awarded, six firms are vying for the prize: AM General, BAE Systems (with Ford Motor), General Tactical Vehicles (a venture of AM General and General Dynamics), Lockheed Martin, Navistar and Oshkosh.

There also is the Ground Mobility Vehicle 1.1 program to acquire a new special operations-specific vehicle, and that has attracted interest, with General Dynamics and AM General offer-ing the Advanced Ground Mobility Vehicle (AGMV), competing against a rival offering from Navistar Defense LLC, Indigen Armor and SAIC, even as the Oshkosh GMV proposal enters the fight.

But those moves to cut defense spending by $487 billion to $1 trillion over 10 years have, at different times, brought forth proposals to kill each of the vehicle programs. It is unclear what finally will emerge from the fray as Congress considers the fiscal 2013 defense budget, with each future vehicle having its avid defenders among senators and representatives.

We examine the many types of vehicles that can reliably move combatants in war zones where there are no front lines, only an omnipresent threat that already has taken more than 6,000 lives of U.S. men and women in uniform.

Aerco

Special operators often are few in number as they execute missions, so the element of surprise is a vital tactic to use against the enemy. And the Phobos light strike vehicle helps the elite warriors to do just that, in a set of wheels powered by a Ford Puma 2.4 liter diesel and a powertrain featuring a four-speed ZF automatic transmission.

With a 1,000 km range, the buggy can take on long special ops missions without refueling. it carries two to four personnel cross-terrain at up to 37 mph, even when the terrain is rough, thanks to an enormous 16 inches of wheel travel. the vehicle weighs only 3,748 pounds, while some combat vehicles tip off at 10 times that or more.

Phobos is designed for that kind of driv-ing, being a military version of an extreme sports dune buggy known as FilthyBoy. the vehicle has a 4x4 transfer case with locking

differential, and winches in case the going gets really messy.

Aside from special ops missions and recon patrols, the Phobos also can be used for casu-alty extraction.

AM General

AM General built tens of thousands of HMMWVs, so it is no surprise that the company would wish to build the replacement for those transports. While AM General is proposing two possible new vehicles (the AM General Hard-wire and the AM General Plasan), competing contractors also have differing versions of the new HMMWV MECV to propose. the new ride clearly would have vastly improved protection against iEd and rPG blasts, better performance, upgraded suspensions for smoother off-road travel and much more. But budgetary uncertain-ties have thrown the HMMWV recapitalization program into limbo.

ArmorWorks

When special operators head toward an objective, they want to fly like the wind, and they can do just that in the Hyena, which can

HMMWV


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streak along at more than 80 mph, thanks to a turbodiesel under the hood. Aside from moving fast so it is tough for the enemy to spot, it also is less visible to the foe thanks to a 3-d camo on the body, and a possibility of having 3-d camo fabric over the extendable mast.

development work already is complete, funded by ArmorWorks.

ATV Corp.

the Prowler is what special operators are all about: agile, fast and able to go over rough terrain.

AtV Corp. imbued the Prowler with 24VdC auxiliary power, Skydex impact absorbing crew suspension seating, and turbo-Charged diesel/JP8 engine power or a gasoline-fueled power plant. range is 200 to 250 miles with optional spare tank. three individual Prowler platforms share the same basic range of configuration alternatives. A basic design is common to them, having 28 to 55 hp, speeds of 40 to 60 mph, and a light weight of 1,400 to 1,650 pounds. Payload is 1,550 to 1,800 pounds. Ground clearance is 12.5 inches.

Various crew capacities and seating con-figurations are possible, including four person-nel facing forward, or two forward and two aft. it also has litter mounts, and modular removable armor. it can be carried internally on a CV-22 osprey or other aircraft, and can be air dropped or sling carried.

Prowler

BAE Systems

the mine resistant ambush protected (MrAP) vehicle is designed for the brutalities of asymmetric warfare, such as enemy iEds and rPGs. there are multiple versions of the MrAP, such as one supplied by BAE Systems and another by Force Protection, now part of General dynamics.

in the BAE version, there is a muscular 370 horsepower engine that—despite the hefty vehicle weight of 60,740 pounds—can move it at 77 mph. the 21.9-inch ground clearance is good when rolling off road and when an iEd detonates underneath the MrAP. it also deflects those blasts with a V hull and shock mitigating seats. A fire-smothering extinguishing system also protects occupants.

thanks to its formidable size, the BAE MrAP can carry a crew of two and eight combatants.

BAE also provides the rG35 rPU, with capacity for a single crewmember and nine combatants inside an armored capsule. its 340 horsepower pushes it along at a brisk 56 mph, despite its 26,680 to 46,300 pounds.

Even more impressive is the rG33 AUV, with a whopping 600 horsepower engine, that can reach 62 mph. this has the bulk to take an iEd hit, tipping off at 53,363 pounds, bolstered by a 19.5-inch ground clearance. things become even more weighty: its payload can mount to 20,600 pounds and it can tow 64,000 more. that’s a combined 138,000 pounds roaring down the road.

BCDS Inc.

Now we come to the question of whether a vehicle belongs in the military or on a NAS-CAr track. the SM-trV by Anvil rock can tear down the road at 90 mph—or at 120 mph with optional overdrive. this lightweight rocket (3,600 to 4,200 pounds) can be equipped with a 300 hp diesel or 350 hp gasoline engine.

the two to four occupants can hit the enemy before he even knows they’re there.

Chenowth

Another vehicle serving combatants with a need for speed is the Scorpion dPV, which can take three warriors as much as 210 to 1,000 miles at speeds of more than 60 mph. the vehicle weighs just 1,499 to 2,110 pounds, half the heft of some family cars, so the 130 to 200 horsepower engine makes the Scorpion move fast. it has a generous 16-inch ground clearance, and can tote 1,500 pounds of payload.

General Dynamics Land Systems-Force Protection

JAMMA (Joint All-terrain Modular Mobility Asset) is a tough vehicle that still is compact enough to fit inside the CH-47 or the V-22 osprey. it has flexible crew seating space, and something unusual: a suspension that after transport in a helo can be widened to confer greater lateral stability on the JAMMA. it also has a long vehicle wheel travel to smooth the rough bumps. And the JAMMA has a digital electronics CANBUS comms system that is open to many C4i systems, including newly developing technology. it can offer hybrid drive to generate 21 kW continuous export power.

then there is the ocelot, with a six-cylinder turbodiesel engine that drives the 16,535-17,637-pound vehicle at 68 mph, while still being able to get up to 373 miles

MRAP


on a tankful. As for payload, it can carry 4,409 pounds, in a design created in cooperation with ricardo PLC.

For personnel protection against iEds, there is a V-hull crew pod, safety harnesses and ballistic survivability seats.

Able to rocket down the road at 85 mph, the Flyer comes with a 150 hp engine that moves its 4,000 to 5,500-pound bulk with ease, while providing 450 miles between fill-ups.

there is armor to protect against enemy weapons, and the moxie to carry 3,500 to 5,000 pounds of cargo on roads or over rough spaces.

General dynamics offers the Flyer along with Flyer defense. the vehicle can be trans-ported internally by the CH-53 and CH-47 helos and the V-22 osprey, or sling-carried

on the UH-60L helo. this set of wheels offers C4iSr capabilities.

JAMMA

Indigen Armor

the Non-Standard tactical truck is well named, since it can roll down the road at speeds exceeding 100 mph, thanks to a 325 hp diesel that can run on JP8 fuel. An NStt can be carried by CH-47 or MH-47. Up to four personnel ride in an armored cell that combats the blast of an iEd detonation.

According to John d. Choate, CEo of defense Venture Group Ltd., “the NStt is the optimal platform for special operations, defense, paramilitary and security organizations that require a reliable multi-purpose vehicle in all environments.”

the NStt is designed to meet the transport needs of special operators, he explained, adding, “it is a purpose-built, designed, engineered and

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manufactured armored vehicle that is internally transportable in an MH-47 helicopter.”

it can carry warfighters and their gear in safety over roads or rough ground, while protect-ing them from enemy weapon blasts. “With a GVW of 12,000 pounds, the chassis, suspension, powertrain and armored occupant safety cell are engineered specifically to carry large payloads across varied terrains,” he observed. “An ideal, lightweight alternative to heavier legacy vehicles, the NStt comfortably accommodates four 95th-percentile operators with their personal gear and communications equipment.”

Just as special operators don’t call atten-tion to themselves, the same is true of the NStt. “Made to resemble oEM vehicles found throughout the world, the NStt enables special operations personnel to blend in with local envi-ronments while possessing greater comfort and enhanced mobility in urban, desert, wood-land, jungle and mountainous terrains,” Choate noted. “it can accommodate a variety of low-profile or overt tactical body styles allowing the end user to change the vehicle’s profile at the depot level.”

While it may not be a spectacular vehicle in appearance, it certainly is spectacular in per-formance. “the NStt provides optimum power and performance for any mission,” Choate con-tinued. “its Navistar V8 turbo diesel engine offers 325 hp and 570 pounds-foot of torque allowing the NStt to go from 0-30 mph in 3.9 seconds and to reach a top speed of over 100 mph. its independent front and rear suspension provides 12 inches of travel, offering optimal performance for both on and off road mission sets.”

Further, the NStt is a proven performer, not something experimental or untried. “the NStt has accumulated over 7,000 rugged, off-road miles at a third party testing facility,” Choate concluded. “A proven platform, the NStt is also the base design for Navistar defense’s GMV 1.1.”

Jankel and Jeep

Special operators need vehicles that can survive in austere and hostile environments, and Jankel tactical Systems LLC, a U.S. com-pany, and Jankel Armouring Ltd., a U.K. com-pany, produce a wide range of agile and

adaptable vehicles currently in worldwide use for both overt and clandestine missions.

AL-Thalab

Jankel Armouring began developing the Al-thalab vehicle in 2005, using decades of U.K. special forces operational experience. this experience was matched to a base platform that would give the vehicle the maximum cus-tomer appeal—the toyota LandCruiser pick-up.

the genius of toyota, compared to more complex and modern vehicles, is its simplicity to maintain and repair. Additionally the global reach of spare parts logistics by toyota is unmatched, thereby eliminating unique and costly parts bridges to secluded locations from specialty manufacturers.

Further adding to the discretion and pro-tection of the vehicles is the development of hot-formed armor. instead of welding multiple pieces of armor to an existing part, hot formed armor creates the entire part, such as a door, from a single mold. this increases protec-tion while reducing weight and vulnerability. this technique reduces the number of armor components by 80 percent and reduces overall weight nearly 20 percent.

the benefits are a more inconspicuous look and increased protection.

Since 2006 Al-thalab has constantly evolved to become a highly competent, mis-sion flexible and capable vehicle offering key mission drivers of four crew, 2,646 pounds payload, and air-transportable capability. A modular armor system has been developed for

the vehicle, as has a CH-47 internal and under-sling solution.

the Al-thalab, or Fox, is a versatile vehicle used by Jordanian armed forces. Made by a team of Jankel Armouring Ltd. of Surrey, England, and King Abdullah ii design and development Bureau of Jordan, the Al-thalab boasts low maintenance and reliability, coupled with long range capability for operations in austere locations.

the Al-thalab patrol vehicle is based on a toyota Landcruiser 79 chassis, but it clearly is an all-military vehicle. Weighing 3,750 pounds, it can take advantage of the worldwide toyota parts system, so it can easily be repaired in the field.

it can carry weapons, fuel, supplies and water sufficient for a 10-day mission. the Al-thalab also can go 932 miles without refueling, a strong point in countries with large desert areas.

it can fill various roles such as recon or border patrols, and it carries a combat ladder to provide assault troops with access to an upper story of an enemy building. it can also be fit-ted with machine guns to make it an effective weapons platform.

the Al-thalab also can be used for casualty evacuation by mounting two stretchers on the rear of the vehicle.

Jankel Armouring also produces a line of overt light vehicles. the Jankel Ford Guardian multi-role armored vehicle was instrumental in helping quell the London riots of this past Sep-tember. Built on a commercially available Ford F450 or F-550 Super duty Chassis Cab truck, it is a flexible and survivable platform able to be configured in a variety of operational roles: firearms support, counter-terrorist/dynamic entry, hostage negotiation, observation post, overt sniper position, emergency evacuation, ambulance and prisoner conveyance.

Jankel tactical Systems designs and pro-duces vehicles for the North American market as well as systems to increase the survivability of vehicle crew.

the Blastech Seat attenuates the initial shock from an undercarriage explosion. it then reduces the secondary shock as the passenger travels back to earth with the vehicle, com-monly known as the slam-down.

this multi-role armored truck has ample room for personnel, including the driver and


commander, plus six combatants, who can use sniper-observation ports on all sides.

While many military vehicles have limited power, especially considering their ponderous weight thanks to armor, the Guardian has hefty horsepower and torque. one option is a giant 6.8-liter triton V-10 powerplant with a torqshift 5-speed transmission, where the driver com-mands 310 hp. An alternative, however, is a 6-liter diesel PowerStroke V8 turbo engine crank-ing out 325 horses.

While that may sound like a lot of muscle, it’s needed to move the Guardian, which weighs 15,540 pounds (curb weight 13,400 pounds), with a payload of 2,138 pounds.

Finally, Jankel offers the Jeep J8, a relatively new vehicle with a name echoing through mili-tary history. during World War ii, the Jeep was the iconic transport vehicle that served soldiers from

operation Berlin to okinawa, and the Battle of the Bulge to the Battle of Midway. Now there comes a blast from the past in the Jeep J8, a 194 hp transport that can reach 87 mph, considerably faster than the 55 mph or so of the original Jeep.

the new Jeep is a heftier, solid piece of machinery, weighing up to 8,515 pounds, with a 2,787-pounds payload potentially pushing it to more than 11,000 pounds total. to move that mass, the J8 has a 2.8 liter diesel engine with enough economy that the vehicle can get 391 to 578 miles on a tankful.

Going off-road is easy, thanks to a 9-inch ground clearance. And yet its dimensions are small enough that the Jeep can be carried by the MH-47 and CH-53 helicopters. While it can be carried by those aircraft, the Jeep itself can carry an impressive load: two to eight personnel, or it can carry casualties.

Unlike the original Jeep, the J8 comes with sophisticated safety systems, including an auto-matic braking system and front passenger airbags. Also, the new Jeep packs a punch: it can be fitted with an overhead weapon system bristling with a 7.62 mm machine gun, a .50 caliber machine gun or a 40 mm automatic grenade launcher.

the Jeep J8 has many variants, including a three-door, five-door (with or without heavy duty hard top), armored version, ambulance and more.

John Deere

the M-Gator A2 isn’t covered with tons of armor but it may not need any, because this ride isn’t restricted to roads, able to zip over rugged terrain where iEd-burying terrorists

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can’t anticipate its movements. that off-road capability is thanks to an 8-inch travel on the front suspension, a 9-inch travel on the rear, and an 11-inch ground clearance.

Because this isn’t a huge vehicle (only 62 inches wide), it can slip through narrow spaces, such as between trees.

driven by a 25 hp engine that can guzzle JP8 fuel, it can move at 32 mph, which is fast in fields and forests. it tips off at just 1,640 pounds, and yet it can move more than that in additional weight: 1,000 pounds of payload in the vehicle, while towing 1,500 pounds, and 150 pounds on a rack on the hood. it has 13 tie-down points, and the rear cargo box has sides that fold down to accommodate bulky loads.

it has a heavy duty bumper and brush guard, front and rear CV guards, and fender guards. to make off-road travel easy, it is equipped with underbody skid plates. A 3,000-pound winch is a handy option if the going gets sloppy.

M-Gator A2

Granite Tactical Vehicles-Textron

textron Marine & Land Systems and Granite tactical Vehicles joined to develop an affordable, light weight crew survivability solution for light tactical vehicles. the survivable combat tactical vehicle approach is integrated into the HMMWV.

the Armored Security Vehicle by textron is paired with the expertise of Granite to

create a safe vehicle for warfighters in an iEd-filled combat zone. With an armored V-hull, the vehicle also protects occupants by placing them in special seats with a harness system.

Millen Works

Here we have two vehicles: the Helo trans-portable tactical Vehicle, or HttV, pumps out 200 hp from a diesel power plant to move a set of wheels weighing 4,900 to 7,350 pounds. it has four-wheel drive with locking differentials. in addi-tion to riding on larger aircraft such as the CH-47 or CH-53, it also can by transported by the V-22.

the HttV is adept at performing strike, recon and utility missions, even where extreme off-road capability is required. But it also performs well on the road. it handles both assignments well thanks to a cockpit adjustment that changes the road clearance. it can have a generous 16-inch wheel travel.

When special operators need to hit an objec-tive quickly, or escape from bad guys in a hot extract, this set of wheels delivers a sizzling 95 mph-plus speed, moving from zero to 60 mph in less than 13 seconds.

Separately, Millen Works offers the EttV ver-sion with hybrid electric drive that gives it a 150 mile range.

Oshkosh

the mine resistant ambush protected–all terrain vehicle, or M-AtV, by oshkosh defense is designed to protect occupants if an iEd deto-nates beneath the hulking transport.

the MrAP All-terrain Vehicle (M-AtV) Spe-cial Forces Vehicle (SFV) can move at speeds up to 65 mph. it can run 320 miles on a tankful. it has a 13-inch ground clearance, a V-hull and armor, all helpful in protecting personnel from iEd blasts. the M-AtV seats up to four and a gunner.

oshkosh defense worked closely with Spe-cial operations Command (SoCoM) to develop the M-AtV SFV to meet highly specialized mis-sion requirements.

the oshkosh M-AtV is the lightest, most mobile MrAP vehicle operated in the U.S. armed

forces today. designed to keep special opera-tions on the move in even the most challenging terrain, the M-AtV SFV variant uses the osh-kosh tAK-4 independent suspension system to deliver a 70 percent off-road profile capability. the M-AtV SFV has an advanced crew protec-tion system including a modular armor design and other survivability features to protect occu-pants from iEds and other threats.

SandCat

M-ATV

the M-AtV base variant was tailored for the special forces to include a modified cargo deck, which allows the vehicle to accept specialized equipment, and larger front wind-screens for increased visibility and situational awareness.

the M-AtV SFV variant uses a 370-horse-power diesel engine and has seating capacity

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for five passengers. the vehicle has a curb weight of less than 27,500 pounds and can transport payloads of up to 4,000 pounds. osh-kosh has delivered more than 8,700 M-AtVs to date, including 460 M-AtV SFVs.

oshkosh also makes the SandCat special operations vehicle (SoV). the SandCat can be carried to the fight by the CH-53, CH-47 or MH-47.

this is a protected, highly maneuver-able vehicle designed for unique and highly demanding special operations around the world.

the SandCat SoV provides an open plat-form for quick crew egress, easy weapons mounting and optimal situational awareness. the vehicle’s compact design allows special forces and rapid-response units to operate with agility in restrictive urban environments as well as rugged rural landscapes.

the SandCat SoV’s blast-management system includes a V-shaped belly deflector, impact-absorbing seats, advanced suppression systems and composite materials to absorb and deflect blasts. And as with other oshkosh Sand-Cat vehicles, the SoV’s survivability features can be adjusted to meet the payload needs and threat levels of specific missions.

the SandCat SoV uses a 325-horsepower V8 diesel engine and moves at up to 75 mph. the vehicle weighs 11,000 pounds, has a payload capacity of 5,000 pounds, and can carry up to five passengers. the vehicle also is built around commercial off-the-shelf (CotS) components to provide ease of maintenance globally.

Polaris

With an 800 cc high output twin fourstroke gasoline (87-89 octane) engine, the ranger rZr-SW can move two combatants at up to 68 mph. it can carry up to 1,000 pounds payload, and tow another 1,500 pounds.

it offers four-wheel independent suspen-sion with a foot of wheel travel, in a vehicle that weighs just 1,112 pounds. it has a 13-inch ground clearance. transportable in a Chinook, it has on-demand all wheel drive. it can carry two personnel.

RP Advanced Mobile Systems

the Strikerazor is a four-person side-by-side configured LtV/UtV that can have five or six passengers if the rear-facing seat option is installed. the vehicle is designed as a multi-role tactical support platform equipped with a unique protective front cargo system, innovative rear utility flatbed and lateral team standoff nerf rock-slider platforms.

Specialized equipage includes such assets as FLir, telescopic spotlight, LCS commo, area lighting, tracker lighting, blackout capability, enhanced rP Black Series MSi suspension, articulating CV-22 osprey-compatible roll cage and the only available military exclusive 12-ply rated lightweight run-flat tires. All this makes Strikerazor a formidable system for special operations.

Supacat

it weighs 3,800 pounds, with a payload of up to 3,200 pounds (and able to tow 4,800 pounds), yet it can float on water. it’s the Supa-cat 6x6 MKiii all-terrain mobility vehicle, with a 78 hp engine that can move it at 40 mph.

the vehicle can carry a crew of two plus up to eight personnel, and it has an 8.5-inch ground clearance. Supacat also makes other military vehicles

.

Supacat

TMV

then there is the tMV, a special forces/reconnaissance 6x6 military vehicle made by tMV.

it has twin V-hull construction for superior protection against an iEd blast, with a vehicle shape that helps to dissipate the blast at the point of impact and also at the base of the pas-senger cell. Armor is both steel and composite materials, with smart strike face material from Plasan.

the vehicle also doesn’t pound the ground as much as some military rides, so there can be less chance of sufficiently heavy pressure to trigger roadside mines. And when an iEd does detonate, the driver and commander seats are well aft of the front wheels, limiting the amount of blast force transmitted to them. the vehicle can be set for a lower ground clearance for high-speed driving (up to 85 mph), or for a high clearance in an area where iEds are expected.

the vehicle is available in several variants, including armored personnel carrier, ambu-lance, utility vehicle and more. While it may be seen often in a six-wheel configuration, it also is available as a four-wheel or eight-wheel asset. it has all-wheel steering.

Power comes from a mid-mounted Cum-mins iSBe5 in-line four cylinder, 4,500 cc tur-bocharged, water-cooled diesel engine putting out 200 hp. But other engines can be ordered, if that would fit better with a military organiza-tion’s logistics chain. Power then flows through an Allison six-speed transmission. the range is 700 miles.

And this vehicle has something more com-monly associated with muscle cars: Brembo ventilated disc brakes with twin-piston calipers.

Empty, the tMV weighs 7,716 pounds. it can carry more than its weight with 8,819 pounds payload onboard, and it can tow 11,023 pounds.

For fording, it can move through water 700 to 800 mm deep.

the tMV can be air transported on a Hercules C-130, a Boeing C-17 or an A400M. O

For more information, contact SOTECH Editor Dave Ahearn at [email protected]

or search our online archives for related stories at www.sotech-kmi.com.


The Marine Corps is focusing on lightening loads for power needs, according to Michael Gallagher, program manager for expeditionary power systems at Marine Corps Systems Command. For individual Marines, this means reducing unique batteries, using a central energy source rather than distributed energy sources, harvesting energy on the move and using rechargeable batteries.

Future Marine equipment will require both energy and weight reduction. Solar panels have been fielded to recharge batteries and power radios and computers on long-duration missions and in observation positions. The Marines have standardized and deployed a family of vehicle-mounted and suitcase-portable bat-tery chargers that can charge all batteries for equipment with rechargeable batteries.

Power requirements for individual Marines have increased due to more communication, situational awareness and war fighting capabilities. So the Corps is focusing on bat-tery weight. Rechargeable batteries and solar-powered bat-tery chargers have reduced weight for long-duration missions. Collaborative research with the Navy and Army focuses on lightening loads with advanced batteries and centralized bat-teries with wearable power distribution. The Marine Corps War- fighting Laboratory recently experimented with a small, high-efficiency solar panel worn on the back of body armor and charg-ing batteries on the move.

Private firms look at the challenge very similarly and are working on all fronts.

Phil Robinson, vice president Defense Power Systems of Protonex Technology, said, “A typical special operator carries a flashlight with CR-123 batteries, night vision goggles with AA batteries, squad radio with proprietary battery, SatCom radio with BA-5590 battery, small computer with a proprietary battery and smart-phone with proprietary battery.” Add in an unmanned aer-ial system ground station with BA-5590, unmanned vehicles with proprietary batteries and protective sensors with AA batteries, and Robinson estimates each soldier carries 45 pounds of batteries. “Reducing the variety of battery types is critical,” he emphasized.

Robinson argues that intelligent power management can “universalize” energy and recharge batteries mid-mission from any alternative or conventional power source. And three power sources can also reduce weight: solar power, new-chemistry bat-teries and fuel cells.

Special Operations Command and Army airborne units are now deploying intelligent power managers like Protonex’s SPM-612 (Squad Power Manager).

The SPM-612 weighs less than a pound and takes energy from many sources, including solar, vehicle, fuel cells and scavenged energy. It automatically converts energy into whatever is needed, charging AA, CR-123, BB-2590 or proprietary batteries—or pow-ering lights, radios, computers and phones.

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The SPM-612 can shuttle energy between devices, powering any piece of gear from any battery, and charge any rechargeable battery from any other battery. With six bidirectional ports, the SPM-612 can power or charge five devices or batteries from one source simultaneously.

The SPM-612 is part of a power management kit (PMK), cus-tomized for each type of user. Tested in 2009, a couple hundred PMKs have been deployed in theater.

Robinson said SPM-612 works well with the Army’s Soldier Worn Integrated Power Equipment System (SWIPES), which distributes power but does not harvest energy. Protonex’s Vest Power Manager is a cross between SPM and SWIPES, automati-cally sensing and supplying power needs.

New-chemistry batteries typically increase energy density by 30 to 50 percent at a time. The newest battery, BA-5390, can replace the BA-5590. But Robinson said only a small portion of gear is powered by the -5590.

The Army’s Program Executive Office Soldier recently fielded fuel cells based on methanol and propane, including the Pro-tonex M300. Weighing 36 pounds, the M300 uses four-hour methanol fuel cartridges, each of which has the energy of six BA-5590 batteries but weighs and costs a third as much.

The M300 is still in early development. It can be integrated with SOCOM river craft to power communications, sensors and weapons with main engines off, reducing fuel consumption and thermal and audible signatures.

The Army is a major customer of Arotech, which makes high-density zinc-air batteries, lithium-based batteries and chargers as well as the Army’s SWIPES, Ronen Badichi, manager of Aro-tech’s Battery Division, noted.

“We make a large range of batteries: under-vehicle batter-ies of 150kW weighing two tons, cellular batteries, batteries for long-endurance UAVs [unmanned aerial vehicles], batteries for communications, laser designators and night vision goggles, and batteries for Army electric vehicles,” Badichi said.

Arotech has developed a very safe high-energy battery for underwater vehicles with remote electric controls on each bat-tery cell and a unique light oil to prevent fire. Another new Aro-tech development is a battery to start up tanks with a 3,000-amp spike. “Tanks need a very brief but high spike to start,” Badichi explained. “In the last war, we could not move eight big batter-ies to start a tank. Now we have one that can be carried by one soldier. It can work up to 30 times on tanks.”

Arotech is working on a very inexpensive lithium-air battery for vehicles.

The Brunton Group makes solar panels and battery packs that can power iPods, personal devices or laptop PCs. “We cus-tomize them to needs, depending on what has to be powered, how often it will be used and how often it will be charged,” said Senior Product Manager Chris Currah. For example, Brunton’s large Impel2 panel supplies 95 watts and 19 volts for laptops.

Brunton’s solar panels are light and flexible, made of thin but durable film. Copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) construc-tion enables panels to collect power efficiently in both high- and low-light conditions.

Solar arrays turn sunlight into low-cost, non-polluting power. [Photo courtesy of Earl Energy]

Marines use a power management kit that includes a solar-array blanket to power EOD equipment. [Photo courtesy of DoD]


Brunton uses lithium polymer batteries that pose fewer fire risks than lithium ion batteries and have a higher energy-to-weight density. Small units power iPods and cell phones, medium-sized batteries power digital cameras, and larger ones handle laptops.

Brunton does not supply military markets yet, but seeks to do that. “We have the experience and can match the solution to the need,” Currah stressed.

Saft makes battery and energy storage “from thumb-sized for night vision goggles to those for tanks,” Jim Hess, director of defense sales, explained.

HMMWVs now use two 6T batteries, each weighing almost 90 pounds, to produce 24 volts. Saft’s Improved Battery System (IBS) weighs 50 pounds and can in many cases do the work of two 6Ts. The lithium ion IBS has just been delivered to the Marines for field tests.

IBS can also handle many more cycles of running down bat-teries with engines off before re-starting engines. “Lead acid bat-teries can do that 80 times,” Hess noted. “We can do that 800 or 1,600 times.” IBS is best suited for HMMWVs and other vehicles that frequently have engines shut down while sensors and other gear still run.

Saft has also produced an enhanced 6T that sends data on battery state to the driver so he can take action if power is low. Tank-automotive and Armaments Command (TACOM) is inter-ested in this version.

Saft has developed a new power package for scout missions. Hess said the military now uses parts not optimized for seeing at night. “We have the advanced lithium power source that can use AC or DC power, or solar if you have it,” he continued. Saft is eager to demonstrate the advantage of the system, which can store 2.5 kWh.

WorldWater & Solar Technologies’ mobile infrastructure division combines solar with water pumping on-site to deliver power, water and water purification anywhere, said Melissa Burns, vice president for business development.

The largest unit, Mobile MaxPure, can provide up to 3 kW of power, 30,000 gallons per day of pure potable water from fresh water or 3,000 to 4,000 gallons from saline water. It is suitable for forward operating bases (FOBs). Under the Prepositioned Expeditionary Assistance Kit program, similar units provide 2 kW of power and up to 1,500 daily gallons of purified water.

The much smaller Solar Hybrid Expeditionary Power and Purification System (SHEPS) comes in two rolling suitcases. SHEPS can run off solar, vehicle or other power sources and yield 100 to 450 gallons of water a day. “It is good for special operations; they can be self-sufficient in water,” Burns said. “It minimizes logistics burden for power and water.”

WorldWater is now working on a prototype of SHEPS after getting feedback from SOCOM. The firm is also working to equip expeditionary vehicles with the same sort of power and water capabilities.

BAE Systems makes the Integrated Power Source (IPS) that includes a variable-frequency, high-efficiency diesel generator, the same type that is used on BAE’s hybrid busses in commer-cial markets. Director of Product Technology Michael Mekhiche said this generator is 2 to 5 percent more fuel-efficient than the towed, fixed-frequency tactical generators now used by the U.S. military and weighs only 25 to 30 percent as much.

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IPS also interfaces with grids and solar panels and has an advanced power management system that taps the most efficient power source and shuts down less-critical equipment when power is limited. “It’s perfect for FOBs and can pull power from different sources and prioritize load,” Mekhiche noted. IPS also can charge batteries for individual soldiers.

BAE has developed a small generator that can add power to M109A6 Paladin artillery for air conditioning, communication or other power demands. Like IPS, it can export power to recharge batteries of individual soldiers. An onboard management system optimizes engine operation. IPS is being demonstrated and BAE is looking for a customer. The Paladin generator has finished qualification and the next step is production.

“The path forward is to take commercial systems and embed them on military vehicles to reduce fuel and add power,” Mekh-iche argued. “It is much better to have power embedded on vehicles than on towed generators.”

DHS Technologies makes the Deployable Rapid Assembly Shelter (DRASH) that comes with trailer-mounted generators, explained spokesman Ken Sincerbox. It has developed intelli-gent power technology (IPT) that links up with local microgrids to minimize fuel use for these shelters.

The Army’s Standard Integrated Command Post System uses DHS’s Trailer Mounted Support System (TMSS) along

with Northrop Grumman’s Command Post Platform for rapidly deployable command and control. TMSS has been fielded to all combat bri-gades in Afghanistan and Iraq.

The DRASH tents are so flexible they have also been used for hospitals, UAV main-tenance facilities and a host of other applications. IPT has been deployed with high-altitude air defense systems and is used with Northrop’s long endurance multi intelligence vehicle.

Earl Energy is part of Earl Industries, a major naval construc-tion contractor. Earl Energy CEO Josh Prueher said his company has thorough experience in field power requirements for the military and specializes in getting products quickly to the field.

Earl makes a series of very rugged hybridized diesel genera-tors with lithium ion batteries and electric controls that save fuel and reduce maintenance costs. Earl’s FlexGen systems retrofit on existing generators to avoid purchase of new generators. The equipment varies in size from 240 kW suitable for company-level bases to 3 kW man-portable units. The generators can also charge batteries for individual soldiers.

Demonstrations report fuel reductions of 60 to 70 percent. Most of that gain comes from hybridizing power with battery storage. A much smaller portion comes from tapping solar and other renewable sources. Earl is working with the Rapid Equipping Force (REF) and SOCOM on evaluating FlexGen in Afghanistan.

Solar Stik makes 1 kW to 5 kW solar and multi-fuel systems. Chief Executive Officer Albert Zaccor said Solar Stik equipment is small enough to be carried by two men, and a new model will be man-portable.

Solar Stik works with solar, wind, fuel cells and traditional grids. The company makes all components of these systems and can mix components to match needs. Commercial off-the-shelf technologies are used, so Solar Stik products can be used with other original equipment manufacturer’s systems.

The company has produced a new 3 kW hybrid system for the Army that runs off batteries until batteries are low, when gen-erators recharge batteries. In tests, the system runs generators one-third of the day, saving two-thirds of fuel consumption. The REF is doing a pilot test in Afghanistan

Solar Stik is partnering with Qinetiq on a 1 kW generator that can use jet fuel. It is also working on a shift away from lead-acid batteries toward iron-phosphate batteries. O

For more information, contact SOTECH Editor Dave Ahearn at [email protected] or search our online archives

for related stories at www.sotech-kmi.com.

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The top SOCOM procurement professional took an hour to explain to roughly 300 defense contractors what he expects from them, and what they should expect from SOCOM.

James W. Cluck, acquisition executive with Special Opera-tions Command, spoke at a breakfast organized by the National Defense Industrial Association special operations/low intensity conflict division.

These were some of his key points:

• After a decade of wars on land, SOCOM needs to focus on obtaining a platform to move SEALs undersea, to and from their objectives.

• Cost is not the be-all decider of what SOCOM buys. Rather, SOCOM procurement professionals will make contract award decisions increasingly on what provides best value to special operators.

• Further, cost to purchase a system is just one factor; SOCOM is going to look very closely at what it costs to operate and maintain a system over many years, in deciding whether a given product is affordable.

• SOCOM is seen as the cutting edge in obtaining pioneering military hardware systems before the big services—but it becomes increasingly difficult for SOCOM to do that when its R&D budget is withering. The R&D budget needs to be increased.

• In a way, during the dearth of funds for SOCOM to research and develop systems, it is good that industry is spending its own money to develop hardware. But the problem is, industry may develop something that special operators can’t use—creating a high risk situation for both companies and SOCOM.

• A contractor has every right to protest a contract award to a competitor company or team if SOCOM procurement officials have performed improperly. But some protests involving only complaints about a cost basis (where the protester has underbid a competitor) aren’t valid, and only serve to waste 100 days while the Government Accountability Office (GAO), the referee agency, rules on the protest—delaying SOCOM in getting vitally needed systems into special operators’ hands.

Seal Delivery SySTem

One major new area of emphasis for SOCOM after a decade of wars on land in Afghanistan and Iraq will be a focus on obtaining undersea capabilities for SEALs, Cluck announced.

“We spent the last 10 years without the sea in SEALs,” he said. “We have got to get back to” a mari-time special ops capability, and that means a renewed focus on undersea systems.

He recalled that a catastrophic fire struck an earlier undersea transport platform, the Northrop Grumman advanced seal delivery system, in December 2008.

“We lost our capability,” he recalled, so the focus now must shift to the joint multi-mission submersible, a program that has continued for more than three years.

For lack of money, SOCOM dropped plans for a dry combat submersible-light plus a dry combat submersible-medium, and settled for just the medium undersea SEAL transport.

Working with the Naval Sea Systems Command, “our intent would be to build a prototype,” Cluck said.

COST JuST One faCTOr

In procurement, what’s critical is not only the price to buy a system, but also the cost of operating it over time. “Clearly we’ve bought some things in the past 10 years that we can’t sus-tain” because they are so costly to operate and maintain, Cluck recalled.

That means that in future acquisition decisions at SOCOM, “Clearly, life cycle sustainment [expense] is going to be a critical issue,” he explained.

When it comes time to award a contact, “We won’t sign off on the acquisition side” without first seeing what the cost will be to operate and maintain the system, he cautioned the contractors. “I

CluCk SeeS neeD fOr unDerSea plaTfOrm, mOre r&D funDS; he CauTiOnS On prOTeSTS.

By Dave ahearn

SOTeCh eDiTOr

James W. Cluck


pass that on to you for you to consider,” he added. SOCOM doesn’t wish to buy what it can’t afford, he said.

More generally, Cluck said SOCOM must concentrate on buy-ing what provides best value for warfighters, rather than focusing on the price while ignoring what the government is getting for its money.

He pointed to the “expertise of government teams doing the evaluations,” adding that “we have to get back to a best value environment.”

inDuSTry vS. SOCOm DevelOpmenT

Cluck issued a clear call for increased funding for SOCOM research and development programs, while saying that industry developing new platforms is a risky business—risky both for the company involved and for SOCOM.

In a candid comment, Cluck told the contractors that “you’re going to sell me what you make, even if it isn’t what we asked for. You think what you make is great,” which is fine, but the system must work for warfighters.

When Special Operations Technology asked Cluck after the breakfast about industry developing systems on its own dime, and whether that can be helpful, he replied, “Oh, yeah.” However, he added, “It’s just very stressful for them. You [in industry] don’t know what we’re going to buy. That’s the problem.” A company may spend a substantial sum developing something that SOCOM doesn’t need.

To lessen that risk, it is beneficial for a company to work with SOCOM on how to meet special operators’ needs, he said.

“There’s ways for them to get a better idea, cooperative research and development agreements and like that, or tools that they can use to figure out what we might like,” he said. Even then, there are no guarantees that SOCOM will procure the resultant system. “It’s stressful,” he observed. “That’s why I have a concern” about companies doing their own R&D.

SOCOM needs increased R&D funding so that it can continue to provide special operators with cutting-edge systems, he noted. “But it’s hard to do that when your R&D [funding] is shrinking.”

He recalled that about 13 percent of one armed service’s fiscal 2013 budget request he examined went to R&D, while SOCOM is earmarking only about 5 percent of its budget request for R&D to develop the new, cutting-edge systems that combatants require in the fight. “That to me is one of the biggest concerns I have,” he said. It is imperative “to get our RDT&E [research, development, testing and evaluation] budget back up.”

prOTeSTS Only if valiD

Cluck also told the contractors that protesting when they lose a competition to gain a contract is reasonable if there is a valid basis for the complaint to the GAO.

But otherwise, he stressed, an invalid protest only means SOCOM loses 100 days in getting sometimes vitally needed hard-ware or other items to special operators around the world, includ-ing those in combat zones.

“If we have to have a system in the field … I can’t wait 100 days” for the GAO to rule on a protest, he argued.

A protest, he observed, “not only slows us down, it slows you down” in moving forward from a contract award decision.

To be sure, he said, a protest can be valid and proper “if the company was injured” by some improper action by procurement officials, such as if “data was manipulated” in deciding which rival firm or team of companies should receive the contract.

For his part, Cluck said when a contract is about to be awarded, he wants the SOCOM acquisition team to come to him and tell him why choosing a specific product provides best value to SOCOM and special operators.

Open, Clear prOCuremenT

Cluck promised the contractors that SOCOM is working to simplify key performance parameters and other procurement requirements, calling on acquisition personnel to write tight requests for information or proposals. Some RFPs can run on for hundreds of pages. And he said the documents also will be improved to give contractors a clear sense of priorities—which requirements are of paramount performance, which are necessary and which are of lesser import.

Often, he told the vendors, “you don’t know which ones are more important than others,” a situation Cluck wishes to remedy.

And within individual requirements, “we’ve got to come up with a specific” ordering of “what objectives and thresholds are within each one of those.”

In a proper procurement process, “hopefully we’ve told you what’s important” among the many requirements in a massive document, he told the contractors.

Cluck also invited contractors to meet with him at his office in Tampa, Fla. He is available to speak to industry representatives every Wednesday—not for them to sell him things, but for them to describe what they see on their side of the acquisition process, he explained. O



SEALs prepare to launch a SEAL Delivery Vehicle from the USS Philadelphia. James Cluck, acquisition executive with SOCOM, aims to emphasize SEAL undersea systems. [Photo courtesy of U.S. Navy]


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BLACK WATCH What’s Hot in Special Operations Gear

Intel System Mounted on UAS

AeroVironment Inc. unveiled a new miniature gimbaled sensor payload on the battle-proven RQ-11B Raven small unmanned aircraft system at the Army Aviation Association of America Annual Professional Forum and Exposition.

The modular payload includes a high-resolution color and an infrared thermal video sensor, as well as a laser illuminator integrated into a multi-axis sphere capable of continuous pan. The new payload will become a standard component of future Raven systems and will be sold as an upgrade for previously fielded units. Upgrading existing digital Raven systems to accommodate the new payload requires only a software update to each air vehicle and ground control station.

The new payload is one of four products offered in AeroVironment’s “Mantis” suite of gimbaled sensor payloads now available for commercial applications including unmanned aircraft systems, manned aircraft, ground vehi-cles and watercraft.

A gimbaled sensor payload enhances the Raven system’s capabilities by allowing a higher level of visual fidelity and continuous observation of an item of interest regardless of the air vehicle’s flight direction. The new payload also replaces two separate Raven system payloads previously required for day and night operation, one containing a stationary electro-optical sensor, the other a stationary infrared sensor.

Flight algorithms allow the air vehicle to manage its own flight path based on what the user wants to see, rather than requiring the user to control both the air vehicle and the sensor separately.

Tom Herring, AeroVironment senior vice president and general manager of its Unmanned Aircraft Systems business segment, said, “Operators rely on the portable Raven system to provide critical, live aerial video that gives troops situ-ational awareness, whenever and wherever they need it. Our new mini-gimbal payload significantly increases the Raven system’s capability and can be quickly and easily integrated into the thousands of digitally enabled air vehicles already deployed. The net result is a more capable solution for protecting and serving the warfighter for a fraction of the cost of a new system.”

Integrating the new gimbaled sensor payload marks the fourth upgrade to the Raven system since its intro-duction in 2003 and follows the successful introduction of AeroVironment’s digital data link to replace the Raven system’s original analog communication modules.

“By continuously working with customers to under-stand their needs and desires and improving the Raven system to address them, AeroVironment continues to deliver cost-effective solutions that help them succeed,” said Herring.

New Lithium Ion Battery Introduced for Military Vehicles

A123 Systems introduced the Military 6T Battery, a robust battery system engineered specifically to meet the demanding requirements of military vehicle applications. The firm’s new solution is designed as a direct replacement for 6T lead acid batteries currently deployed in mili-tary vehicles, delivering a longer-lasting, lighter-weight system for engine start and enabling longer-duration silent watch functionality.

“There are nearly 800,000 6T batteries currently deployed in U.S. military vehicles, and in 2010 alone, the military purchased about 300,000 6T batteries,” said Les Alexander, general manager for the Government Solutions Group at A123. “Virtually all of these are lead acid, so we believe this creates a significant opportunity for our lighter-weight, longer-lasting, higher-performance lithium iron phosphate Military 6T Battery.”

He said the new battery has been demonstrated in a HMMWV.“We have begun delivering 6T systems to a number of defense contractors so they

can evaluate its performance as a first step toward potential high-volume production,” he said. “We believe we can leverage our expertise in developing industry-leading products for commercial markets as well as our vertically integrated manufacturing capabilities to deliver systems that will complement the DoD’s strategy for deploying more energy-efficient technologies.”

The Military 6T Battery is offered in both a 12V and 24V model to accommodate specific vehicle requirements. Standard features and benefits of each of A123’s 6T battery models include:

• Longer Cycle and Calendar Life: A123’s Military 6T Battery systems are designed to perform significantly more depth of discharge cycles compared to other battery technologies. A123’s lithium iron phosphate military batteries also deliver superior calendar life, lasting significantly longer than the most advanced lead acid batteries. This reduces battery replacement costs, enables vehicles to operate for longer periods of time and reduces life cycle cost.

• Greater Charge Acceptance Rate: A123’s lithium ion technology is capable of rapid charging, and it also delivers more power when the engine is off to facilitate longer-duration silent watch capabilities.

• Reduced Weight: A123’s Military 6T Battery is about 50 percent lighter than lead acid battery systems, offering significant weight savings for transport to the battlefield. This improves fuel economy and packing efficiency of the transport vehicle, which allows for fewer trips into hostile areas.

• Intelligent Battery Management System: In addition to lithium iron phosphate cells, A123’s Military 6T Batteries are equipped with robust battery management electronics that help balance and safeguard the cells, in addition to providing built-in system level safety features for under/over voltage cutoff, overcharge and over-temperature protection. The battery management system also communicates diagnostics, state-of-charge information and current and voltage measurements during silent watch, maximizing the performance of the Military 6T Battery when operating communications, surveillance and other equipment while the vehicle’s engine is not running.


Compiled by KMi Media Group staff

Cameras Can Spot Pirate Vessels on

Crowded Seas

New smart cameras will be able to aid SEALs by picking out pirate boats on crowded seas, according to the Office of Naval Research. ONR explained that the system, mounted on a Fire Scout unmanned heli-copter, begins tests this summer.

Called the Multi-Mode Sensor Seeker (MMSS), the sensor is a mix of high-definition cameras, mid-wave infrared sensors and laser-radar (LADAR) technology. Carrying advanced automatic target recognition software, the sensor prototype will allow Fire Scout to autonomously identify small boats on the water, reducing the workload of sailors operating the robotic vertical lift aircraft from control stations aboard Navy ships.

“Sailors who control robotic systems can become overloaded with data, often sifting through hours of streaming video searching for a single ship,” said Ken Heeke, program officer in ONR’s Naval Air Warfare and Weapons Department. “The automatic target recogni-tion software gives Fire Scout the ability to distinguish target boats in congested coastal waters using LADAR, and it sends that information to human operators, who can then analyze those vessels in a 3-D picture.”

When pirates on a boat are spotted, a mission can be launched to neutralize them.

Navy-developed target recognition algorithms aboard Fire Scout will exploit the 3-D data collected by the LADAR, utilizing a long-range, high-res, eye-safe laser. The software compares the 3-D imagery to vessel templates or schematics stored in the system’s memory.

“The 3-D data gives you a leg up on target identi-fication,” said Dean Cook, principal investigator for the MMSS program at Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division (NAWCWD). “Infrared and visible cameras produce 2-D pictures, and objects in them can be difficult to automatically identify. With LADAR data, each pixel corresponds to a 3-D point in space, so the automatic target recognition algorithm can calculate the dimensions of an object and compare them to those in a database.”

The algorithms have been successfully tested in shore-based systems against vessels at sea. The soft-ware is being integrated into a BRITE Star II turret by a team from NAWCWD, Raytheon, FLIR Systems, BAE Systems and Utah State University for airborne testing aboard a manned test helicopter. The flight assessment will be conducted against groups of approximately seven small boats in a military sea range off the California coast later this summer.

SUAS Wins Border Security Prize

Aurora Flight Science’s Skate small unmanned air vehicle system (SUAS) was awarded first place in the 2012 Border Security Technology/Product Challenge at the 2012 Border Security Expo in Phoenix, Ariz., the company announced. The top prize is awarded to a technology or product that best demonstrates innovation in the border security arena.

“Aurora is very proud to have won this prestigious award,” said Carl Schaefer, director of small UAS products at Aurora. “The Skate SUAS is an ideal platform for gathering secure, real-time intelligence and surveillance data to assist the Department of Homeland Security in accomplishing its mission of securing our borders and stem-ming the flow of contraband.”

The Skate SUAS is an electric-powered, lightweight, portable system that easily fits in a small rucksack. Its modular design enables assembly and launch in less than two minutes. Its unique VTOL capabilities allow it to be launched and recovered from urban areas, confined spaces and vehi-cles, with no dedicated launch or recovery equipment. With an endurance of over one hour, speeds from hover to over 50 knots,

and a total air vehicle weight of only two pounds, Skate can carry a variety of avail-able payloads to areas of interest up to five kilometers away.

Available payloads include full-motion color video payload pods; electro optical/infrared (IR) payload pods with long wave IR cameras with resolutions up to 640 lines; and high-definition video payload pods capable of recording video at 1080p and taking still photographs with 5 mega-pixel resolution. Payload pods are swap-pable in less than one minute, allowing the operator to tailor the Skate system to rapidly changing mission needs.

The Skate system uses a digital data link to securely transmit both video and data up to 5 km from the ground control station (GCS). AES128/AES256 key encryption and a variety of operational frequencies are available.

Skate’s GCS supports fully autonomous waypoint navigation as well as stabilized, “fly-the-camera” manual flight control. The hand controller included with the system uses a high-resolution, daylight viewable, on-screen display that does not require a hood to view video in bright daylight.


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G53173_SpecialOperTech_May12.indd 1 4/9/12 12:49 PM

Learn more at esri.com/sot

Mission Informed, Mission ControlledFuse sensor data with geography to deliver ISR to

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G53173_SpecialOperTech_May12.indd 1 4/9/12 12:49 PM

Major General Ken TovoCommander

Special Operations Command Central

SOCCENT Poised for Missions in Theater, While Forging Ties with Partners

Capability Builder Q&AQ&A

Major General Ken Tovo was commissioned from the United States Military Academy into the Infantry in 1983. After serving his initial tour with the 82nd Airborne Division, Tovo completed the Special Forces Qualification Course and transferred to the Special Forces. He served as a Special Forces Detachment, Company, Battalion and Group commander in the 10th Special Forces Group (Airborne). Additional assignments include serving as a plans and operations officer with 1st SFOD-Delta, the United States Special Operations Command, and Joint Headquarters Center (NATO), as well as the aide-de-camp to the commander, SFOR, in Bosnia; chief of staff, U.S. Army Special Operations Command; deputy commanding general, Special Operations Command Europe (SOCEUR); deputy commanding general, 1st Armored Division in Wiesbaden, Germany, and U.S. Division-Center, Iraq. He is currently the commanding general of Special Operations Command Central.

Tovo participated in Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm, refugee relief operations in Northern Iraq, noncombatant evacu-ation operations from Sierra Leone, peacekeeping operations in Bosnia on two occasions, and five tours in Iraq for Operation Iraqi Freedom/New Dawn.

His awards and decorations include the Defense Superior Service Medal, the Legion of Merit, the Bronze Star, the Combat Infantryman’s Badge, the Master Parachutist Badge, and the Special Forces and Ranger Tabs. He holds master’s degrees from the U.S. Army War College and the Army Command and General Staff College.

Q: As you settle into your new command after your service as an assistant division commander in Germany, what new initiatives are you pursuing in SOCCENT?

A: I was fortunate to inherit a solid campaign plan and robust operational footprint from my predecessor, which included several distributed command and control nodes [SOC Forwards] across the CENTCOM theater. SOC Forwards provide daily oversight of SOF operations, actions and activities, ensuring they contribute to the lines of effort and are nested within the chief of mission’s country action plan. While we’ve refined some aspects of the plan, we’ve concentrated most of our efforts on planning future activi-ties that will contribute to achieving our operational objectives, as well as developing a variety of contingency plans to meet potential emerging requirements.

As Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta stated, “We are no longer in the Cold War. This is more like the Blizzard War—a blizzard of challenges that draw speed and intensity from terrorism, from

rapidly developing technologies, and the rising number of powers on the world stage.” As many of the current blizzard of challenges emanate from the CENTCOM AOR, we’re spending a large portion of our staff effort against contingency planning. We’ve also put major effort into improving the SOC’s ability to perform duties as a joint task force/CFSOCC headquarters for major contingency operations. We’ve embarked on a significant training, education and exercise program to focus on these mission requirements. The program will culminate with CENTCOM’s Eager Lion exercise, in which SOCCENT will serve as the Joint Task Force headquarters.

Q: What adjustments has SOCCENT made after the drawdown of forces in Iraq?

A: We remain committed to supporting the Iraqi SOF units that were developed over the course of Operation Iraqi Freedom. I envi-sion that in the near future we will commence traditional theater engagement activities in Iraq with our partners. Until that time, we will seek opportunities to work with them outside of Iraq, during regional exercises, such as the upcoming Eager Lion exercise, con-ferences and other forums. Of course, the elimination of the large commitment of U.S. SOF in Iraq has allowed us to more actively engage with other key regional partners, such as the United Arab Emirates [UAE], other Gulf state SOF, Jordan and Lebanon, while still providing a lower demand signal on the force providers.


Q: What adjustments do you expect SOC-CENT will make as forces draw down in Afghanistan? Will departure of regular forces mean an even faster operational tempo for special operators in Operation Enduring Freedom?

A: We remain committed to security and stability in Afghanistan. Over the period of the drawdown, our special operators will continue to develop Afghan commandos. Additionally, the Village Stability Program is a key line of effort in the current cam-paign plan. I expect we will see continued focus on developing the Afghan local police that support this effort to establish local security, development and linkages to the district government. Overall, I expect the commitment of SOF to remain at or near the current levels; however, as conventional forces draw down, proportionally SOF will become a significantly larger component of the force. It is too soon to predict the exact nature or scope of our efforts past 2013, as it depends on the outcome of national deci-sions. I expect we will continue to support the Afghan SOF in some manner, just as we do other regional partners.

Q: Admiral Eric Olson and Admiral Bill McRaven, the former and current SOCOM commanders, have expressed concerns that after a decade of war, special operators may not remain in special operations units. What steps are you taking to assist spe-cial operators, such as ensuring sufficient dwell time between deployments?

A: I certainly share their concerns; the operational requirements for special operations forces remain high. Our nation faces irregu-lar threats around the globe and SOF are uniquely suited to this kind of warfare. It is no secret that a significant portion of the demand on the force is from the CENTCOM theater. While the drawdown in Iraq has helped diminish that demand, Afghanistan remains a significant commitment. Additionally, the environment throughout the Middle East is uncertain. I personally believe that in the long run, the Arab Spring will have a positive impact on the lives of the region’s population and result in a move toward greater freedom. In the short term, we are seeing the turbulence and uncertainty that follows the collapse of authoritarian regimes; we saw some of the same dynamics in the Balkans and Eastern Europe with the collapse of communism. Extremist groups and unfriendly nations see an opportunity in this uncertain environ-ment to achieve their goals. It is in our nation’s interest to commit resources in support of partner nations to help them manage this transition. Often that requires SOF to work with partner nation forces to develop or improve their capability to provide security for their population.

My responsibility to the force providers is to ensure that this command rigorously examines each force requirement to ensure it is appropriately scoped, both in size and duration. My commitment to our SOF warriors and their families is that I will continually evaluate our deployed force structure to ensure no

one is deployed one day longer than they need to be to complete the mission.

Q: What role does SOCCENT play in training special operations forces of other nations, such as the Jordanian special operations personnel?

A: Whether it is characterized as foreign internal defense [FID] or building partner capacity, training partner nation forces is a core special operations task for theater SOF. SOCCENT has a long-standing relationship with Jordanian SOF that has benefited both of our forces. They have been a very capable partner in Afghani-stan, and bring a knowledge of the religion and culture that is a force multiplier. Similarly, we have a growing relationship with ground and aviation UAE SOF that are filling a significant role in Afghanistan. Probably the most dramatic example of SOCCENT’s role in developing partner forces is the continued effectiveness of the Iraqi Special Operations Forces, the Emergency Response Brigade, and special weapons and tactics, or SWAT, units across the country. All of these units were essentially created from scratch by SOF elements, then trained, advised and mentored over a period of years. Today, they are competent, professional forces, providing security to their country, with minimal U.S. assistance.

Q: Exercise Eager Lion, a joint exercise of the United States and the Kingdom of Jordan, will be held in Jordan this May. Can you describe what sort of personnel this will involve?

A: Exercise Eager Lion 12 includes more than 15 countries from five different continents and more than 10,000 participants. The focus of Eager Lion is to strengthen military-to-military relation-ships of participating partner nations through a joint, whole-of-government, multinational approach. The exercise scenario is designed to portray realistic, modern-day security challenges, primarily in an irregular warfare environment. The exercise promotes cooperation and interoperability among participating forces, builds functional capacity, practices crisis management and

U.S. special forces train Afghan warriors. [Photo courtesy of DoD]


enhances readiness. Exercises such as this develop strong relation-ships with partners and allies, yielding significant dividends in a crisis.

Q: What types of ground vehicles, aircraft and maritime assets will be included?

A: Eager Lion will include a wide variety of air, land and sea assets coordinated by the Combined Joint Task Force, integrating full spectrum operations into a combined arms exercise. This year, more than five vessels and personnel from six countries will par-ticipate in maritime operations based out of the Royal Jordanian Naval Base at Aqaba. Maritime forces will be present to exercise Visit, Board, Search and Seizure and counter-piracy operations and will work closely with partner nations throughout the Gulf of Aqaba. Additionally, the land component will be comprised of a mixture of special operations forces and Marines from the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit, or MEU. Throughout multiple train-ing areas in Jordan, these forces will exercise armor, artillery, engineer and mechanized assets for the duration of the exercise in order to help promote interoperability among similar systems. In addition, ground forces will be supported by an array of fixed and rotary wing aircraft both as close air support platforms as well as transit and delivery systems. More than 80 attack heli-copters, fixed wing fighter aircraft and various transport systems [collectively] will ensure forces on the ground receive maximum support during daylight missions and during periods of limited visibility. Each of these systems contributes to the overall operat-ing environment, providing a unique capability on the modern battlefield, and each system is crucial to overall success during times of conflict.

Q: Will this include participation by non-military agencies, such as diplomatic entities?

A: This year the Jordanian National Center for Security and Crisis Management, located in Amman, will host a consequence manage-ment scenario that will require the participation and coordination among interagency, military, diplomatic and civilian organiza-tions. The importance of this event is to challenge each agency’s systems in order to determine their level of interoperability during an actual crisis, but more importantly, it will emphasize emer-gency response and integration of resources. It will also exercise the U.S. role in providing assistance to host nation governments during emergencies through crisis action planning and coordina-tion.

During the exercise, civil affairs planners will conduct a multi-day, humanitarian assist-themed scenario designed to draw on interagency coordination and planning in response to internally displaced persons. Overall execution of this scenario will highlight population and resource control while facilitating interagency and military cooperation in conjunction with non-governmental organizations and the international aid community.

Q: How many days will the exercise run? And what will be the goal of the exercise?

A: The exercise in Jordan occurs for approximately three weeks in May and takes advantage of multiple training locations around the

country. The overarching goal is to strengthen military-to-military relationships of participating partner nations.

Q: What benefits do you see in having SOCCENT special opera-tors train with your foreign counterparts?

A: As noted earlier, FID is a core task of theater SOF. Training events such as Eager Lion provide our forces with an opportunity to practice their language skills, immerse them in the culture, learn different tactics-techniques-procedures, equipment, etc. Many of the partners we work with in these regional exercises are skilled, experienced operators who can provide valuable lessons-learned to our SOF warriors. Of course, the most significant benefits we derive are the relationships we develop with members of partner nation militaries—relationships that often will endure over the course of one’s career and may prove beneficial on some future battlefield.

Q: There is extensive discussion in Washington of major defense spending cuts, totaling $489 billion to $1 trillion from military budgets over the next 10 years. At the operational level, what steps have you taken that can be cost-effective?

A: The value of special operations was clearly recognized in the revised defense strategy, and the U.S. Special Operations Com-mand budget levels reflect this importance. Although special operations forces compose only about 1.6 percent of the overall defense budget, they provide a high return on investment for the Department of Defense and our nation. Still, all DoD ele-ments must find ways to save. At SOCCENT, we have decreased the amount of travel [especially overseas trave] to mission-required events, reduced the numbers of personnel at events, and increased our use of resident communication systems such as video teleconferencing and voice over internet protocol to accomplish tasks that might previously have been done in per-son. We have also leveraged our Knowledge Management branch to develop our collaboration portal in order to make information available at a more rapid pace. The result of recent fiscal con-straints include: losing one-third of our fiscal year 2012 overseas contingency operations, or OCO, funds from CENTCOM, and 10 percent of the augmentee positions supporting our headquarters. Currently, just over 60 percent of personnel working for SOC-CENT are augmentees provided from the services; we continue to examine our headquarters manning requirements with an eye to reducing our demand for active and reserve component augmentees.

Q: Finally, do you have any closing thoughts on the men and women of your command and the work that they perform?

A: I have told the staff on a number of occasions that the value of one’s position is not measured by proximity to the sound of gunfire. The SOCCENT staff develops, resources and supports the campaign plans that our SOF operators execute—operations, actions and activities that are designed to help our partners develop the capabilities necessary to provide for their own secu-rity and stability. The staff takes their mission to support those in the field extremely seriously; their dedication and commitment is a testament to their professionalism. O


Since the U.S. invasion of Afghan-istan in 2001, use of unmanned aerial vehicles by the U.S. military and intelligence agencies has received a great deal of attention. Less noticed is the rapid increase in the use of unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) for tasks ranging from bomb detec-tion and explosive ordinance disposal (EOD) to reconnaissance.

Arguably, the importance of UGVs in fighting the counterinsurgen-cies in Iraq and Afghanistan can’t be overstated in terms of preserving human life. According to the Army and Marine Robotic Systems Joint Project Office (RS JPO), the number

of ground robots destroyed in combat since October 2005 is equal to 761 lives saved.

William J. Cohen, principal, technology development with Menlo Park, Calif.-based engineering and scientific consulting firm Exponent, told Special Operations Technology that the development of the tele-operated, improvised explosive device (IED) detecting Multi-Function Agile Remote Control Robot (MARCbot) and Large Vehicle Undercarriage Sur-veillance System (LVUSS) for use in Iraq came about out of necessity.

“It’s amazing, but back in those days, your sort of regular patrol

ugv CapaBiliTieS are aDvanCing anD Saving warriOrS’ liveS. iS full auTOnOmy nexT?

By ChriSTian BOurge



soldiers didn’t have robotic assets to look at threats,” said Cohen, who holds a Ph.D. and commands expertise in engineering.

He was a leading proponent for the design, testing and deploy-ment of the MARCbot, a user-run remote observation platform developed as part of an immediate need solicitation in 2004 from the U.S. Army Rapid Equipping Force (REF) to give everyday sol-diers in Iraq the ability to detect the rising number of IEDs.

The realization that dedicated EOD units faced an expand-ing challenge from a growing insurgency also led to the later deployment of the firm’s LVUSS, as the need to inspect vehicles lined up to enter U.S. bases became a more significant issue.

Nearly eight years and production of over 1,000 MARCbots later—mostly for Army use—the LVUSS is, according to Cohen, being “transitioned to the next thing” as they are phased out of military use in favor of the latest designs.

Military UGV design and technologies have matured greatly in those eight years, as usage and the number of companies pro-ducing robotic platforms grew. But as special operations and the conventional forces request greater capabilities, military experts and robotic design companies are looking to take robotic ground platforms to even higher levels.

Lieutenant Colonel David C. Thompson, project manager of RS JPO, said that new and coming developments in UGVs stem from a response similar to that which led to their mass deployment in Iraq and Afghanistan: soldier needs.

“We are listening to the warfighter and reacting to their need,” Thompson told SOTECH. “We are doing everything we can to sup-ply them with the newest technologies.”

TOSSaBle, man-pOrTaBle BOTS

With the greater use of UGVs, the need for a relatively inex-pensive, smaller, durable platform that can be carried and used by any soldier for reconnaissance is at the forefront of the latest in UGV design.

Tim Trainer, interim general manager of the Government and Industrial Robots division of Bedford, Mass.-based iRobot, told SOTECH that the company became aware of the Army’s need for lower weight systems about a year ago from dismounted soldiers burdened with heavy loads. He said that the joint services special operations groups “are very interested” in lightweight models that can help provide situational awareness inside buildings.

The company recently shipped 105 of just such a model, its 110 FirstLook, for Army infantry and special operations evaluation in Afghanistan. Trainer said that hopefully will lead to a production contract late this summer.

The self-righting, 5-pound video reconnaissance UGV can withstand a 15-foot drop and film with four separate cameras mounted on all of the robot’s sides. It also incorporates infrared light for low to no light video capture.

With integrated two-way audio capabilities and a digital mesh network, multiple robots can be used to relay information over longer distances providing for increased line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight functionality.

Its advertised battery life is over six hours in typical use and as long as 10 hours if stationary. It can climb steps as high as 8 inches using continuous rubber tracks to maneuver at speeds of up to 3.4 mph and is waterproof to 3 feet.

The FirstLook can also provide many of the capacities of iRo-bot’s much larger Packbot with the addition of thermal imagers, chemical-biological-radiation sensors and disruptive payloads of up to half a pound.

RS JPO’s Thompson said outside of the iRobot 110, the agency is focused on three other competing remote-controlled lightweight tossable platforms for a Joint Urgent Operational Need request for improved man-transportable robotic capa-bilities. These include Macro USA’s Armadillo, QinetiQ’s Dragon Runner 10 and Recon Robotics’ Recon Scout XT, which he added is “getting the most favor.” Both the Dragon Runner and Arma-dillo are also undergoing Afghanistan testing.

McClellan, Calif.-based Macro USA’s Armadillo V2 weighs 5.5 pounds and is designed to withstand 8.2-foot drops and 26-foot horizontal throws. It’s packed with two front, one rear, and two side day or night use, infrared enhanced color cameras. It can also be fitted with a 180-degree turret-mounted rotating ther-mal camera, and will capture audio. An EOD/IED disrupter is also available.

With a payload capacity of 6.6 pounds, it is designed to climb 45-degree slopes with its rubber wheels. An optional climbing kit for stairs is also available, as well as a track kit. It provides an advertised run time of between 1.5 to 2 hours using three speed modes, for 12 hours at standby.

In January, Pittsburgh, Pa.-based robotics engineering firm R2 announced it was providing over 100 of their DS1-MA robotic arms

WHEN IT’S CRITICAL, IT’S QINETIQ.

Small and light enough for your rucksack, the new throwable Dragon Runner 10 (DR-10) robot is a mobile, multi -mission platf orm developed for supporti ng dismounted operati ons. DR-10’s day and night cameras provide early warning and advance knowledge while its quick-att ach arm allows the unit to take acti on against threats.

See where innovati on lives at www.Qineti Q-NA.com

RECONNAISSANCEIN YOUR RUCKSACK


for testing with the platform in Afghanistan. The camera-equipped lightweight manipulator provides a lift capacity of 10 pounds.

McLean, Va.-based QinetiQ North America’s Dragon Runner weighs 11 pounds. Developed initially for the Marine Corps, the modular design allows for fitting a number of cameras and sen-sors per mission need. It features a modular design that allows it to be fitted with sensors as well as a manipulator arm with rotat-ing wrist, shoulder and gripper. Among the other add-ons are a pan/zoom/tilt camera, audio capturing and motion detectors.

“When the history books are written of technological advances that impacted the current wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, and saved war-fighters’ lives, the ground robot’s contribution to locating and defeating the enemy’s premium weapon, the IED, will be significant,” said Charles E. Dean, director of business development with the QinetiQ North America unmanned sys-tems group.

As an example, TALON robots fielded with all branches of the U.S. military and all coalition allies have been used on more than 200,000 combat missions since being the first robots introduced into the war, Dean said, and TALONs have been used by their operators to defeat over 13,000 IEDs. Ground robots have greatly reduced the effects of the enemy’s primary weapon, he added.

“As an ever increasing number of applications are being found for using ground robots in combat, more varied types of units are using these remote platforms for enhancing their situ-ational awareness and safety,” according to Dean. “While QinetiQ has many thousands of TALONs deployed, platforms in combat today range widely from the 11-pound throwable Dragon Run-ner 10, to the 20-pound Dragon Runner 20, to the 120-pound TALON Robot, to the 3,800-pound Raider Engineer mineroller robot, to the 7,200 pound Minotaur mineroller robot.”

Dean said that the expanding need for unmanned ground vehicles is sparking a robotic technology revolution: Unmanned ground robots are extending the sensory perceptions of

warfighters. With these robotic platforms, ears, eyes and hands can now be extended many thousands of meters ahead of the ground forces to provide early warning, discover threats, and defeat enemy weapons without exposing U.S. fighters to enemy action at a time of the enemy’s choosing.

“QinetiQ’s ground robots have been used on more combat missions in a wider variety of sizes and capabilities than any other company in the world today,” Dean said.

He added that “QinetiQ is intently focused on meeting the evolving needs of our expanding customer base. As such, advances in autonomy, manipulation, mobility, modularity, power and more are taking place. While we have over half a century of history in developing technology solutions for a var-ied customer base, we also team with the best companies who couple their capabilities with ours to provide exceptional solu-tions. Examples of this teaming have resulted in QinetiQ and its partners winning separate awards at two autonomous robot competitions internationally and within the United States over the last year and a half.”

plug anD play fuTure

While there are competing companies, platforms and under-lying system technologies, a significant focus for UGV devel-opment centers on the integration of standardized software interoperability protocols and a common connection interface for the plug and play of any accessories or capabilities from any manufacturer on any robotic platform.

While Cohen indicated Exponent is currently not focused on developing new robotic platforms, he said that such com-mon architecture represents the future of UGVs, comparing it to USB or Ethernet computer communication systems. He added that plug and play capabilities across company platforms have particular advantages for the special operations user, as it would

ReconRobotics U.S. Military 2012 Fire Team_8.375 x 10.875_Special Operations Technology_4/12/12

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A QinetiQ robot can preform an EOD misson. [Photo courtesy of QinetiQ]


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allow small tactical units to use a single robot with interchangeable capabilities for a variety of mission needs.

“Clearly everything right now is so complicated,” said Cohen. “What is needed … is to be able to work toward a com-mon architecture. It heightens value, but it’s not particularly high cost.”

RS JPO Deputy Project Manager Jeffrey Jaczkowski con-curred, telling SOTECH that the underlying dual concepts of payload modularity along with common platform design allows for responsiveness to the soldier as well as the American tax-payer, since the need for single purpose built systems each time there is innovation could be avoided.

“That actually embodies our vision statement for robotic sys-tems,” Jaczkowski said. “Our end state by 2020 is an integrated family of modular ground robotic systems, a family of common platforms that are then tailorable to specific warfighter mis-sions.”

The Naval Explosive Ordnance Disposal Technology Division of the Indian Head, Md.-based Naval Surface Warfare Center (NAVEODTECHDIV) believes it is on track to bringing a system to the fore whose open architecture design could prove to be the base design for cross-platform plug and play.

The Advanced Explosive Ordnance Disposal Robotic System (AEODRS) is a $34 million family of open architecture robotic systems in development for EOD support in coordination with the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. In October, NAVEODTECHDIV received a 2011 DoD Systems Engi-neering Top 5 Program Award for the system.

Byron Brezina, AEODRS project manager, said various modules for the system are currently in development along with prototypes. The first, a small dismounted back-packable platform, recently passed critical design review. After over two years of development, it is scheduled to move to an award phase for a prime system integrator to produce a production system to government spec for fielding.

In August, RE2 won a competitive contract to develop the manipulator arm, end-effector interface and the master capabil-ity module for the dismounted class of AEODRS robots.

Development is slated to begin in fiscal year 2013 on a larger tactical system designed for mounted-mission use, along with an even larger base/infrastructure system designed for vehicle or trailer transport, with award for fielding expected around FY16.

rOBOTiC hunTing DOg

Along with the poten-tial of weaponization of UAVs as a potential model for UGVs, RS JPO’s Thomp-son and Jaczkowski said that moving UGVs away from the simple telephony linked opera-tor control to autonomous function is a development wanted by the war-fighter.

Jaczkowski noted that such a move could help ease the moni-toring burden of operators, a level of functionality he compared to that of a hunting dog to the hunter.

“As an analogy, the bird dog or the hunting dog,’’ said Jacz-kowski. “I’ve heard [that request] from both the soldier side and [others].”

NAVEODTECHDIV’s Brezina said that the AEODRS require-ments call for the ability of robots to go from one point to another without operational input as well as retroverse functions that ensure a robot can retrace its mission path either to reestab-lish communication or return fully.

“That can be handled easily,” he said “The [overall] process of adopting autonomy—I think that it is a slow process and it is sort of baby steps. As far as I know, this is the first program of record [for tactical robotics] that is at this point in the develop-ment cycle that has autonomy in the requirement.”

Such capabilities have been in the planning stages for years. For example, iRobot’s Trainer noted that the firm upgraded a significant portion of the Army and Navy’s Packbot models in 2010 with the software basis for autonomy and future plug and play capability. This allows for upgrading the company’s main-stay model (with over 4,500 deployed) for a variety of upgraded camera options, as well as what Trainer described as the first step in “productionized autonomy,” retroverse drive.

With semi-autonomy in the foreseeable future, progression to fully autonomous UGVs remains the ideal, although there is disagreement if this is even really possible.

“The collective opinion is that we’re probably still 30 years away from autonomy like you see in the movies, full autonomy where the robot is actually thinking to that degree,” said Brezina. “Thirty years from now, you would want to be able to send down a robot that can make decisions and you want to be able to tell it to go take care of this problem. That is a Holy Grail. But getting there, I think, is going to be baby steps, getting used to it and different levels of autonomy.”

Exponent’s Cohen dismissed the possibility for full auton-omy, while acknowledging the value of semi-autonomic design for navigational needs.

The Scout XT Robot. [Photo courtesy of Recon Robotics]


“We’re not going to see ground robots with auton-omy that do anything you really need it to do,” said Cohen. “But I think semi-autonomy is a good thing to

pursue.”Nevertheless, in some ways ground robotics is already

moving in the direction of full programmed autonomy. Vir-ginia Tech, provider of the self-driving Ground Unmanned Support Sur-rogate (GUSS), underwent its fourth limited technical assessment in February at the Fort Pickett Army National Guard Maneuver Train-ing Center. Blacksburg, Va.-based TORC Robotics is a subcontractor to Virginia Tech.

Part of the Marine Corps Warfighting Lab’s unmanned ground vehicle program—developed in coordination with Naval Surface Warfare Center with Virginia Tech—the modified perception sen-sor laden Polaris MVRS700 6x6 vehicle is enhanced with TORC’s integrated ByWire drive-by-wire platform, Autonomous Vehicle Kits and Tele-op systems. In development since 2009, it provides for both autonomous driving as well as dismounted driving by opera-tors using the firm’s handheld Waysight or FalconView mapping software-based computer.

“The GUSS system’s primary operation is lightening the load, like carrying generators,” said Andrew Culhane, business develop-ment manager for TORC Robotics. “However, it can be used for point-to-point resupply or augmenting resupply. The technology is maturing very rapidly, especially as operational use cases are better defined.”

Culhane said that a parallel project in development would allow for autonomy in a GPS-degraded or -denied environment for several kilometers.

Additionally, development of the system for other niche operational applications, such as scouting for IEDs, is moving forward with potential uses ranging from surveying to mine rolling and even weapons-based application. IED defeat capabilities can already be found on QinetiQ North America’s Raider 1 Engineer IED defeat and detection vehicle, which was developed with TORC and is deployed in Afghanistan.

The company is also working with the Air Force Research Labs’ rapid reaction team on a light tactical all-terrain vehicle that takes advantage of its robotic technologies for SOCOM use as well as other projects.

Pointing to their robotic mine applique kit program for the Husky ground vehicle, RS JPO’s Thompson said he sees signifi-cant proliferation of robotic applique systems modifying multiple vehicle platforms “very soon.”

“I think you will see a lot more of that in the future, either with drive augmentation or complete automation,” he said. O




Military pistols are not replaced casually. Consider that the M1911 served for nearly a century and Beretta’s M9 has been used for a quarter of a century. Add in budget pressures and it’s easy to see why a mass replacement of side-arms may be unlikely or long-delayed.

Yet there are reasons and indications that some replacements are desirable. An aborted effort to consider alternatives to the M9 and seek more than a half-million new pistols was made in the past decade. And as war has changed, so too have requirements. In the conventional wars the U.S. was preparing for in the 1980s, officers would need chiefly a defensive firearm while they directed the real offensive firepower of their units. But in the small-unit tactics of the unconventional wars that now are more common, officers and others may want more personal offensive firepower.

That need for different weapons has shown up in procurement by elite forces of at least small numbers of new pistols. These small procurements could continue and might be a precursor to the Big Army eventually looking harder at pistol choices. Gun manufacturers are interested and well prepared, if that hap-pens.

“We are the incumbent, and there are pros and cons to that,” said Gabriele de Plano, vice president of tactical marketing for Beretta

USA. The M9 has been the standard side arm for U.S. armed forces since 1985. Nevertheless, “there has been on-and-off talk about a new pistol and a new requirement,” de Plano noted.

Beretta actually has supplied two pistols, the M9 for the Army and the M9A1, with an accessory rail, for the Marines. The Air Force and the Navy obtain the M9 through the Army program.

More than half a million guns from the M9 family have been delivered. The pistol has been issued well beyond the officer corps. It also goes to support troops and may be a back-up for carbine-carrying infantry. “It is not just a defensive gun, but may be used as an offen-sive weapon in tight quarters like a cave or a house,” de Plano explained. That is one reason the military might want an alternative to the M9, designed in the 1970s and 1980s.

Another reason for replacement talk is that refurbishment of the M9 at Army depots may cost more than acquisition of new guns. He said Beretta could refurbish them at con-siderably less expense than their new cost of “probably under $500,” but the Army appar-ently cannot. “That is very frustrating for us,” he said.

If an alternative is sought, Beretta would like to pursue two paths.

The first would be product improvement of the M9, using developments built into

Beretta’s 92 series and 90-TWO. These weap-ons have many enhancements, including removable front sights, internal recoil buffers, more durable components, modular grips, night sights, a compact version and a .40-cali-ber option. Yet operation is identical to that of the M9, so retraining would be minimal, and commonality of 80 to 90 percent of parts would minimize logistics burdens. Unloaded weight of the 92 series is 32.5 to 34.4 ounces. Barrel length is 4.9 inches and magazines carry from 12 to 17 rounds.

For an entirely new weapon, Beretta could offer its Px4 Storm series, which comes in three sizes, 9 mm, .40 and .45 caliber. Polymer frames make these lightweight, barrel lock-up increases accuracy and service life, and modu-lar grips enhance ease of use. The Px4 family also has increased magazine capacity.

Beretta’s Px4 SD [Special Duty] was devel-oped for special operations in the aborted Joint Combat Pistol program. It had to pass a severe 10-day salt-spray test and is thus made of tougher and more expensive materials. A longer .45 barrel enables mounting of a flash suppressor.

“In summary, we would like to pursue both paths if we have the opportunity,” de Plano said.

“My personal opinion is that with the eco-nomic situation and administration policies,

iS a new SiDearm in The wOrkS fOr warfighTerS?By henry CanaDay



iS a new SiDearm in The wOrkS fOr warfighTerS?

there will not be a new Army pistol for the next two, three or four years,” summarized Bud Fini, vice president of marketing at Sig Sauer. “The reason is that it would costs bil-lions of dollars for the pistol, holsters, train-ing, depots, repairs and services.”

Fini noted that the Army’s current Beretta M9 pistol has performed “decently.” But he believes that, ideally, the Army needs more power than is available in the 9 mm Beretta. “I think they need a .45 caliber or another cali-ber and that they should change the caliber with the gun. But you would have to retrain so many servicemen with the new gun.”

Sig currently provides its P226 to the Navy and Britain’s Special Air Service (SAS). The P226 is available in 9 mm, or .357 or .40 caliber. It has a 10-pound trigger pull in double-action and 4.4 pounds in single-action. The 4.4-inch barrel sits on a weapon 7.7 inches long. The P226 weighs 34 ounces with empty magazine. Magazines can hold 10 to 15 rounds, depending on ammunition type. Night sights are available and the pistol costs about $1,000 retail. The U.S. Air Force uses a slightly different, shorter Sig pistol, the P229.

“We sell to most U.S. elite forces,” Fini said. Sig thinks of itself as the Mercedes of gun manufacturers. Fini acknowledged that Sig’s all-metal guns are more expensive than the polymer models made by most suppli-ers, but its products are stronger and longer lasting than the polymer pistols that sell for about half as much. “Polymer is lighter and cheaper, but you are known by the company you keep. We supply SAS, SEALS and federal air marshals.”

“We have heard a lot about pistol replace-ments in past years,” said Steve Galloway, director of creative services for Heckler & Koch. Galloway recalled the plan for a joint combat pistol (JCP) in 2006 that was transformed into a combat pistol for Special Operations Command and then suspended indefinitely. “Then the Air Force also looked into a new pistol,” he remembered.

H&K, along with most other major pistol-makers, offered .45 caliber pistols for the JCP. Galloway recalled that the JCP sought a flat dark-earth color, so “if you see a commercial pistol in tan color, it was probably developed for the JCP.”

H&K developed improved versions of its Universal Self-Firing Pistol (USP), the HK45, HK45 Compact and HK45 Compact Tactical, for the JCP. The HK45 Compact Tactical was eventually adopted by a spe-cial operations unit. “We have a good track record with special ops,” Galloway said. The

company supplied .45-caliber Mark 23s to Special Operations Command in the 1990s. “It was a large pistol for offensive use. It has seen service in Afghanistan, but not that much. They wanted something lighter.” The HK45 family was developed and improved from the Mark 23.

Galloway acknowledged that Beretta’s M9 is “tried and true,” but thinks something more powerful than a 9 mm pistol is needed.

If a new .40-caliber or 9 mm weapon is sought, H&K would submit its P30 pistol. This is a police and security pistol with ergo-nomic features, including a special frame with interchangeable back-straps and lateral grip panels, allowing the pistol to be customized for any soldier. The P30 has multiple trig-ger modes including enhanced double-action only and conventional double-action or single action. A serrated de-cocking button is located on the rear of the frame. The P30 is avail-able with a light trigger pull of 4.5 pounds. A Picatinny rail makes mounting lights and accessories easy.

If the military wants a .45-caliber pistol, H&K would submit an HK45 model. For example, the HK45 Compact Tactical comes with a threaded barrel, 10-round magazine and replaceable grip panels to customize feel for individual hands and shooting preferences. A proprietary recoil system reduces recoil by up to 30 percent. An O-ring barrel improves slide-barrel lockup and accuracy.

This model uses all HK45 magazines, from 8 to 10 rounds, and like the P30 has a Picatinny rail for accessory mounting. It is available with decock-only control lever or with a decock and manual safety control lever. It can be converted to other trigger-firing modes. The HK45 Compact Tactical weighs 1.8 pounds with an empty magazine. Trigger pull is 4.5 pounds for single-action and 11.46 pounds for double-action.

Galloway said the HK45 series resolves issues with the USP and has added some addi-tional features, such as adjustable back-straps, ergonomic grips and O-rings on barrels.

“We are famous for our barrels,” Galloway noted. “They can go through thousands and thousands of rounds.” He also emphasized the nine different trigger functions available on the HK45 series.

Submissions for the JCP six years ago were all .45-caliber pistols and may give some indication of what other manufacturers would submit, or at least start with, if the military seeks pistols of this caliber.

The Ruger P345 has a polymer grip, weighs 29 ounces and has a 4.5-inch barrel

and 8-round magazine. It retails for about $600.

Smith & Wesson’s M&P45 has a four-inch barrel and weighs 27.7 ounces with a polymer frame. It uses a 10-round magazine and retails for a little over $600.

Glock’s 21 weighs 26.28 ounces unloaded and has a magazine capacity of 13 rounds. The 21 has a 5.5-pound trigger pull and a 4.6-inch barrel.

The Taurus PT 24/7 OSS has a 5.2-inch barrel and carries 12 rounds in its magazine. It weighs 31 ounces with a polymer grip and has an ambidextrous firing pin de-cocker, cocking indicator and loaded-chamber indica-tor.

“FNH USA has been tracking the progress of various pistol programs within the ser-vices,” said FNH USA Executive Vice President Mark Cherpes. “We welcome the opportunity to compete in a program that would provide America’s service men and women with the most innovative and reliable weapons.”

“FN produces both striker-fired and hammer-fired pistol lines, either of which could serve as the basis for building our offer depending on service requirements,” said Cherpes. “FN has a long history of serv-ing the U.S. military and will ensure our products provide the warfighter with a distinct advantage.”

Fabrique Nationale’s FNP45-USG features both double- and single-action operation with a manual thumb safety. The 4.5-inch barrel is cold hammer-forged stainless steel. Empty, the FNP45 weighs 32.4 ounces. The magazine can carry 10 to 15 rounds. This pistol has two interchangeable back-strap inserts with lanyard holes and an integrated accessory rail for mounting lights or lasers. The FNP45 also has ambidextrous de-cocking and safety levers, magazine release buttons and slide release levers.

The Para-Ordnance LDA [Light Double Action] has a seven-round magazine and 3.5-inch barrel, weighs 32 ounces and retails for about $1,000.

The HS 45 (Springfield XD45) weighs about 25 ounces with a polymer frame. It has cocking and loaded-chamber indicators and an ambidextrous magazine release. Trigger pull is from 5.6 to 6.7 pounds. The HS 45 comes with barrels of 3.8, 4.5 or 5.25 inches and all have a 13-round magazine. O

For more information, contact SOTECH Editor Dave Ahearn at [email protected]

or search our online archives for related stories at www.sotech-kmi.com.


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June 2012Volume 10, Issue 4Next ISSUE

Cover and In-Depth Interview with:

Adm. William H. McRavenCommanderSpecial Operations Command

Insertion Order Deadline: April 30, 2012 • Ad Materials Deadline: May 7, 2012

FeAturesSniper Rifles and AccessoriesWe examine some of the best rifles on the planet, which are paired with some of the best snipers for unparalleled accuracy and lethality.

Breaching SystemsWhether breaking down doors, shattering windows or smashing through walls, these systems permit special operators to track enemies into their lairs. And grappling gear and ladders make quick work of surmounting walls and obstacles.

Combat Casualty CareThe devices that medics carry on the battlefield often spell the difference between life and death for wounded special operators. Here are the latest advances showing up in medics’ bags.

Handheld It DevicesWarfighter awareness increasingly depends upon electronic systems that confer an intel edge, systems that provide voice, data, blue force tracking and more.

Special SectionSOCOM Program Management UpdatesIn this authoritative annual overview, James W. Cluck, the SOCOM acquisition executive and senior procurement executive, provides a detailed status report on each SOCOM acquisition program.

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calenDar

May 1-2, 2012AUSA Braxton Bragg SymposiumFort Bragg, N.C.www.suggsgroup.com

May 7-10, 2012SOFEXAmman, Jordanwww.sofexjordan.com

May 22-24, 2012SOFICTampa, Fla.www.ndia.org/meetings/1890

June 4-8, 2012GEOINT Community WeekWashington, D.C. areawww.usgif.org

July 11-12, 2012Military Vehicles Exhibition and ConferenceDetroit, Mich.www.militaryvehiclesexpo.com

July 12-13, 2012Warrior Expo East 2011Virginia Beach, Va.www.adsinc.com/warriorexpo

July 23-25, 2012Night Vision Systems SummitWashington, D.C. areawww.nightvisionevent.com

Aug. 6-9, 2012Soldier Equipment &Technology Expo & ConferenceFort Bragg, N.C.www.soldierequipmentexpo.com

Aug. 6-9, 2012AUVSI Unmanned SystemsNorth AmericaWashington, D.C.www.symposium.auvsi.org/

Sept. 17-19, 2012Air & Space ConferenceNational Harbor, Md.www.afa.org

SOTECH CALENDAR & DIRECTORY


Jerry Agee Chairman, CEO and President

MBDA Incorporated

INDUSTRY INTERVIEW Special Operations Technology

The MBDA Inc. Board of Directors on June 2, 2009, elected Jerry Agee to the posi-tions of chairman, chief executive officer and president of MBDA. The company has a Washington corporate office and operations in Westlake Village, Calif., and Huntsville, Ala.

Q: Can you explain briefly what MBDA Inc. is and what missile systems you are produc-ing for the special operations community?

A: We are a U.S. missile company owned by a very large European-based missile company. Internationally, we sell over 35 different mis-sile systems to over 90 nations worldwide. In the U.S., we are producing and delivering the Viper Strike munition that is part of the SOPGM [Standoff Precision Guided Muni-tion] Program. We have a hand-launched, weaponized UAS called TiGER [Tactical Gre-nade Extended Range] and a small 13 pound precision glide weapon called SABER [Small Air Bomb Extended Range] that we have dropped off of mid-sized UASs. We are also marketing our Dual Mode Brimstone missile that was highly successful in Libya operations for any special operations aircraft that fires Hellfire missiles.

Q: In an era of growing sensitivity concern-ing collateral damage and civilian casualties, how does the Viper Strike stand-off precision attack guided munition help to ensure that only targeted assets are struck?

A: Viper Strike has an integrated, high qual-ity GPS and an extremely precise semi active laser seeker that offers dual redundancy and demonstrated pinpoint accuracy against both stationary and moving targets. It also has a

unique top down flight path that allows it to strike silently from the near vertical to hit targets in urban canyons. The weapon also has a low collateral damage warhead that has proven effective against a wide target set.

Q: How easily transported is the TiGER tactical grenade extended range weapon, and what do special operators have to do to launch it?

A: TiGER folds up into a relatively small con-tainer about the size of two loaves of bread end-to-end. One person can open it, inflate the wing, fire up the small flight computer, acquire satellites and be airborne in two minutes.

Q: What sort of targets can TiGER neutral-ize?

A: TiGER has an internal 40 mm grenade that can be armed and safed in flight, and deto-nates on impact, The 40 mm grenade is very effective against combatants in the open and lightly skinned vehicles and structures. The weapon can attack targets beyond the line of sight using a data link and two onboard high resolution video cameras with a contrast tracker. The weapon can lock on to the target and can fly hands off from point to point. Ultimately, it will perform a kamikaze dive on either a stationary or moving target.

Q: Can you explain the dual mode aspect of the Brimstone missile?

A: Dual Mode Brimstone uses a milli-meter wave [MMW] Radar and an integrated semi active laser [SAL] seeker to provide very

precise hits against high speed maneuvering targets. The MMW seeker locks onto, let’s say, a very fast car moving down a twisting road, and locks on to the center of mass of the vehicle, eliminating laser designation inaccuracies and the near misses seen very often by SAL-only weapons. It really showed its capabilities in Libya last year with the U.K. We’re pleased to be able to offer it in the United States for any platform that currently uses Hellfire missiles. They are almost identi-cal in size.

Q: What are your plans for your 13 pound SABER UAS glide weapon?

A: We are continuing to fly SABER off of the Arcturus T-20 UAS and look forward to competing for programs to weaponize UAS systems. SABER has both a SAL seeker and integrated GPS and will provide a low cost armed deterrence option for UAS platforms. Its unique wing, a derivative of the wing we make for the small diameter bomb, allows it to have a long range, 360 degree attack win-dow, which is optimal for UASs that are hold-ing in an orbit. It’s a great weapon that will fill a much needed role in the United States and potentially internationally.

Q: What are your concluding thoughts about MBDA and its role in serving those in uni-form?

A: We’re excited about the opportunity to offer a family of missile systems to our special operators. We have great technical solutions and are motivated to bring high-quality and low cost systems to the special operations community. O


الجويدد والدحريدد التددي والكددددال الدريدد : عددا يددو نددوع الكر دددال 7س ست ون عشكول ؟

الدريد األصدولعجكولد عتنولد عدن األسد الكتأيدب : سوج تشكل 7جوالجوي والدحري التي يت تنسيق ا عواسط فريدق لكدل عشدترق وعوحدد

فدي . واألسد ح في تد يب عوحد ل دى اع تكثل عنظوع يدعج لك يال فددي عددن سددت دول وأفددرادعددن خكددس سددرن أ ثددر سيشددا قيددذا الدددام

فددي األ دنيدد الك يدد الدحريدد عددن القالددد انطالقددا الدك يددال الدحريدد ال يدا لك يال الدقد . وسوج ت ون القوال الدحري عوجود لككا س

عش لن ثبوع افح القرصن وسوج تدكل واإلن ال والدحث واالقتياد الدر ون كل الفنن ،ذلك إلى وعاإلضاف الدول الشري لدر خ يج الدقد .

عددن عدد يج عددن قددوال الدك يددال الخاصدد وعددا ين عددن وحددد سدديتألفعيددادين التددد يب أنحدداءاالسددتطالع الدحددر الراعددد والدشددرين. ولدددر

عد لد وعدفديد أصدوالت دك القدوال تسدتغلسدوج األ دنالكتددد في اول عد التد يدال وذلك ل كسالد ل ى وتج ي ال عي اني ي ويندسي

القدوال ذلدك فدنن إلدى وعاإلضاف عكاث . أنظك قاع ي التشغيل الديني عين الثاعتد األجنحد عواسدط عنظوعد عدن ادائرال الدري سوج يدت دلك دا

نقددل وتوصدديل. أنظكدد أوريددب والدددوا سددواء كنصددال دلدد جددو ق وأنظكد ثاعت أجنح عروحي يجوم واائرال عقات ذال 01عن وأ ثر

األ بتت قددى القددوال ل ددى أننقددل عتنولدد )جكاليددا( سددوج تضددكن يسداي فترال الرؤي الكحدود . و وأثناءالك ام الن ا ي أثناءدل أقصى

عكددا يددوفر قددد إجكدداالعيئدد الدك يددال فددي األنظكدد ددل واحددد عددن ت ددك أثنداءالحاسد ل نجدا الددام األعدر عتردرد فدي سداح القتدال الحديثد ويدو

فتر الصراع.

غيددر لسدد ري عثددل ال يانددال ييئددال: يددل سيشددكل يددذا عشددا 0س الدع وعاسي ؟

وإدا لألعدددنالدددواني األ دندددي: يدددذا الددددام سيستضددديف الكر ددد 0جالددذ سددوج يتط ددب التددداليال إدا وعقددره لكددان سددينا يو األزعددال

عددددين الكنظكددددال وال يئددددال الكدنيدددد والدع وعاسددددي اعشددددا وتنسدددديق دل ييئد لتحديدد أنظكد يذا الحدث في تحدد أيكي والدس ري . وت كن

ندف سدوج أ األيد رد يد ل دن الزعد األ أثنداءعستوى قاع ي التشغيل الديندي نف سدوج يقدوم أيضدا أ كا وت اعل الكوا د. الطوا يشدد ل ى استجاع

فدي تدوفير الكسدالد الستضداف ح وعدال الددول األعري يعترديل الدو الكرجدو اإلجدراءالوذلك عدن خدالل تخطدي وتنسديق الطوا ،خالل .األزع تجاه

ل دى إنسدانيا الشدؤون الكدنيد سدينا يو وعخططد سدينرذوأثناء التدد يدال لالسددتراد عدن التنسدديق عصدك حددول عوضدولال عحدددد عددا لددد أيدام

ل دى ين داخ يدا. الكدرح لألشدخا اسدتجاع ال يئدالوالتخطي فيكا عين سدددوج يددددرز الدددتح فدددي السددد ان ل دددذا السدددينا يو اإلجكددداليالتنريدددذ أن

التدداون فيكدا عدين ال يئدال يدؤد إلدى تسد يلوالكوا د وفي نرس الوقدت عاالشتراق عدش عنظكدال غيدر ح وعيد وعجكولدال الدس ري وال يانال

الكسالدال الدولي .

ستغرق ا التد يدال؟ وعاذا سي ون يدف ا؟تس األيام: عن 9س

فددي أسداعيشلكدا يقددرب عدن ثالثدد األ دنيددذه التدد يدال فددي تسدتكر: 9جأيا يعايو وتستريد عن عواقش التد يب الكتدددد حدول الدولد وأعدا ال ددج

تقوي الدالقال الدس ري عين الدول الشري الكشا .الرئيسي ف و

: عددا يددي الكنددافش التددي ترايددا فددي جدددل لناصددر خاصدد عالقيدداد 11س الكر ي ل دك يال الخاص تتد ب عش نظراء أجانب؟

فدي أصدي يو ع كد "الدفاع الداخ ي األجندي" كا ذ رنا آنرا فنن :11جفالرداليددال التد يديدد عثددل .األحددداثقددوال الدك يددال الخاصدد عكسددر

إنكددا تدد ود قواتنددا عررصدد عكا سدد ع ددا ات ال غويدد األسددد الكتأيددب وت يدد ع دا ال وت تي دال وتقنيدال عخت رد د الثقافد وتد ك وتدكق فدي . وال ثيددر عددن الشددر اء الددذين ندكددل عالكددددال... إلددى غيددر ذلددك خدددرت

وعتكرسددون عددايرونيدد لناصددر اإلق يكيدد عد دد فددي يددذه التددد يدال قيك عستراد لكقات ينا في قدوال الدك يدال استخال د وسيستطيدون وعالطدش فنن أي فائد نستقي ا يي الدالقال التدي او نايدا عدش الخاص .والدالقدال التدي غالددا عدا سدوج تسدتكر جيوش الدول الكشدا ألضاء

عددض سداحال نافد في أن االك ني و عكا تثدت الرردل ى عدى عشوا الحرب الكستقد ي .

الدددفالي اإلنردداق: ثكدد نقدداش عوسددش فددي واشددنطن لددن تخريضددال 11ستري يدددون دوال عدددن إلدددىع يدددا 409 عدددنجكاليدددف إال ديدددر عكدددا يصدددل

الكوازنال الدس ري ل ى عددا السدنوال الدشدر التاليد . ل دى الكسدتوى تسدالد ل دى أنالدك ياتي عا يي الخطوال التي اتخدذتكويا والتدي يك دن

؟خرض الت اليف

عدددن الواضدددح أندددف قدددد تددد إد اق قيكددد الدك يدددال الخاصددد فدددي :11جسدديكا وعسددتويال عوازندد قيدداد الدك يددال ال اسددتراتيجي الدددفاع الكددلدد

قدددوال الدك يدددال أن. و غددد األيكيددد تد دددس يدددذه األعري يددد الخاصددد أن ددا إال% عددن إجكددالي عوازندد الدددفاع 1.6 حددواليالخاصدد تشدد ل فقدد

دل أن. غيدر توفر عدردودا لاليدا عدن االسدتثكا لدوزا الددفاع ولددولتناتدحث لن سدل ل تدوفير. وعالنسدد ل قيداد أنلناصر وزا الدفاع يجب

الكر ي ل دك يال الخاصد فدنن لددينا قدد ا عخرضدا عدن السدرر )خاصد أقددل عددن الك كدد ولدددينا لدددد إلي دداالخددا ج( لرداليددال تحتدداج إلددىالسددرر استخداعنا عت ايد ألنظك اتصاالل الكقيكين كا أن في الرداليال األفراد

عثددل تقنيدد الريددديو ددونررنس واالتصددال صددوتيا لدددر االنترنددت إلنجدداز . وقدد اسدتثكرنا فدي األشخا لدر الك ام التي عكا انت تت في الساعق

تطددوير عواعدد تددداون عيننددا وذلددك لجدددل عددن أجددل فرلنددا إلدا الكدرفدد

التدداون فيكدا عدين ال يئدال يدؤد إلدى تسد يلوالكوا د وفي نرس الوقدت عاالشتراق عدش عنظكدال غيدر ح وعيد وعجكولدال الدس ري وال يانال

الكسالدال الدولي .

ستغرق ا التد يدال؟ وعاذا سي ون يدف ا؟تس األيام: عن 9س

فددي أسداعيشلكدا يقددرب عدن ثالثدد األ دنيددذه التدد يدال فددي تسدتكر: 9جأيا يعايو وتستريد عن عواقش التد يب الكتدددد حدول الدولد وأعدا ال ددج

تقوي الدالقال الدس ري عين الدول الشري الكشا .الرئيسي ف و

: عددا يددي الكنددافش التددي ترايددا فددي جدددل لناصددر خاصدد عالقيدداد 11س الكر ي ل دك يال الخاص تتد ب عش نظراء أجانب؟

فدي أصدي يو ع كد "الدفاع الداخ ي األجندي" كا ذ رنا آنرا فنن :11جفالرداليددال التد يديدد عثددل .األحددداثقددوال الدك يددال الخاصدد عكسددر

إنكددا تدد ود قواتنددا عررصدد عكا سدد ع ددا ات ال غويدد األسددد الكتأيددب وت يدد ع دا ال وت تي دال وتقنيدال عخت رد د الثقافد وتد ك وتدكق فدي . وال ثيددر عددن الشددر اء الددذين ندكددل عالكددددال... إلددى غيددر ذلددك خدددرت

وعتكرسددون عددايرونيدد لناصددر اإلق يكيدد عد دد فددي يددذه التددد يدال قيك عستراد لكقات ينا في قدوال الدك يدال استخال د وسيستطيدون وعالطدش فنن أي فائد نستقي ا يي الدالقال التدي او نايدا عدش الخاص .والدالقدال التدي غالددا عدا سدوج تسدتكر جيوش الدول الكشدا ألضاء

عددض سداحال نافد في أن االك ني و عكا تثدت الرردل ى عدى عشوا الحرب الكستقد ي .

الدددفالي اإلنردداق: ثكدد نقدداش عوسددش فددي واشددنطن لددن تخريضددال 11ستري يدددون دوال عدددن إلدددىع يدددا 409 عدددنجكاليدددف إال ديدددر عكدددا يصدددل

الكوازنال الدس ري ل ى عددا السدنوال الدشدر التاليد . ل دى الكسدتوى تسدالد ل دى أنالدك ياتي عا يي الخطوال التي اتخدذتكويا والتدي يك دن

؟خرض الت اليف

عدددن الواضدددح أندددف قدددد تددد إد اق قيكددد الدك يدددال الخاصددد فدددي :11جسدديكا وعسددتويال عوازندد قيدداد الدك يددال ال اسددتراتيجي الدددفاع الكددلدد

قدددوال الدك يدددال أن. و غددد األيكيددد تد دددس يدددذه األعري يددد الخاصددد أن ددا إال% عددن إجكددالي عوازندد الدددفاع 1.6 حددواليالخاصدد تشدد ل فقدد

دل أن. غيدر توفر عدردودا لاليدا عدن االسدتثكا لدوزا الددفاع ولددولتناتدحث لن سدل ل تدوفير. وعالنسدد ل قيداد أنلناصر وزا الدفاع يجب

الكر ي ل دك يال الخاصد فدنن لددينا قدد ا عخرضدا عدن السدرر )خاصد أقددل عددن الك كدد ولدددينا لدددد إلي دداالخددا ج( لرداليددال تحتدداج إلددىالسددرر استخداعنا عت ايد ألنظك اتصاالل الكقيكين كا أن في الرداليال األفراد

عثددل تقنيدد الريددديو ددونررنس واالتصددال صددوتيا لدددر االنترنددت إلنجدداز . وقدد اسدتثكرنا فدي األشخا لدر الك ام التي عكا انت تت في الساعق

تطددوير عواعدد تددداون عيننددا وذلددك لجدددل عددن أجددل فرلنددا إلدا الكدرفدد

الكد وعال عتاح ل ى نحو أسرع. وتشكل نتيجد القيدود الكاليد األخيدر عدن 2112الخا جي ل دام الكدالي الطوا فقدان ث ث تكويالل لك يال

% عددن الكواقددش االحتياايدد التددي تدددل عقددرال 11القيدداد الكر يدد و لقياد الكر يد عاالداع ين األفرادن % ع61عن أ ثرقيادتنا. وحاليا فنن

ونحددن ييئددال الخدعدد عددالجي عددنقددوال تد يدد ل قددوال الخاصدد يدد ل ى تق يدل تر ليننا أل ن نواصل فح عتط دال شغل عقرال قيادتنا

عن االحتياا. أو النظاعي سواء عن الخدع التد ي قوالا دنا ل ى

ختاعيدد لددن جددال ونسدداء قيادتددك أف ددا أيدد لددديك: أخيددرا يددل 12س والدكل الذ يؤدونف؟

قيكدد وضددش أن: لقددد أخدددرل ادداق الدكددل فددي لدددد عددن الكناسدددال 12جادداق القيدداد الكر يدد إن الكددرء ال تقدداس عقرعددف عددن صددول القصددف.

نرذيا تويكولون ويدلكون خط الحك التي يطو ون ل دك يال الخاص واإلجدددراءالاصدد ويدددي الدك يددال لناصددرنا فددي قدددوال الدك يددال الخ

كصددكك لكسددالد شددر ائنا ل ددى تطددوير القددد ال الالزعدد ال واألنشددط . ويتدددولى الطددداق ع كددد دلددد أولئدددك لددددي واالسدددتقرا األعدددنلتدددوفير

وع ذا فنن الكوجودين في الكيدان حتى ولو ان يذا يحكل عخاار شديد .ترانيف والت اعف يو ش اد ل ى حرفيتف

www.SOTECH-kmi.comA7 | SOTECH 10.3

تتخذيا القيداد الكر يد ل دك يدال أنعا يي التدديالل التي تتوقش : 3سيدل حيدل القدوال و ؟أفغانسدتانالقدوال فدي خردضسيكا عدش ال الخاص

لك ياتي أل ى ل دك يال الخاصد فدي لك يد الحريد إيقاعالنظاعي يدني الدائك ؟

فتددر . وخدالل أفغانسدتانواالسددتقرا فدي عداألعنع تد عين عقينداقدد ل: 3جوحددددال عددن خردددض القدددوال ستسدددتكر لناصددرنا الخاصددد فدددي تطدددوير

ى. وعاإلضداف إلدى ذلدك فدنن عرنداعج اسدتقرا القدر ال وعاندوز األفغانيديو الخ الرئيسي ل ج ود فدي خطد الحك د الحاليد . وأتوقدش أنندا سدنرى

التدي تددل يدذا األفغانيد تر ي ا عتواصال ل ى تطوير الشدرا الكح يد الكح ددي والتنكيدد والددرواع عددش ح وعدد الكديريدد . األعددنالج ددد لترسددي

لنددد أو قددرب أن تدقددىالتدد ام قددوال الدك يددال الخاصدد أتوقددش وإجكدداالخرض القوال التق يديد فدنن قدوال وفي ظل . وعش يذاالكستويال الحالي

قدوال. وعدن ال ضدكنع ونا أ در ع ثيدر نسديا الدك يال الخاص ستصدح ألن يذا 2113عدى ج ودنا فيكا عدد أوالكد ر جدا توقش الطديد الدقيق

عحصد القدرا ال الوانيد . وأتوقدش أنندا سدوج نواصدل يدتكد ل دى إنكاعطريق عا عث كا نردل عش شدر ائنا األفغاني دل قوال الدك يال الخاص

اآلخرين. اإلق يكيين

القائدددان أولسددون واألعيددرال عيددل عددا رافيناألعيددرال إيريددك لدددر : 4سندف عددد لدام أعدن لن عخاوف كداالساعق والحالي لقياد الدك يال الخاص

الدناصدددر الخاصددد فدددي وحددددال الدك يدددال تدقدددىعدددن الحدددرب عكدددا ال عثدل ،الخاص . عا يي الخطوال التي تتخذيا لكسالد الدناصر الخاص

نتشا ؟ اج عين لك يال االاستراح ضكان وقت

: أنا عالتأ يدد أشدا عخداوف إذ تظدل الكتط ددال الدك ياتيد لقدوال 4جعتندا تواجدف ت ديددال غيدر لاديد حدول الددال أالدك يال الخاص لالي . ف

قددوال الدك يددال الخاصدد عؤي دد أحسددن عددا ي ددون ل ددذا النددوع عددن ل ددن الحرب. ولديس سدرا أن جد ء ديدرا عدن الط دب ل دى القدو إنكدا يدو عدن عسر لك يال القياد الكر ي . و غ أن خرض القوال في الددراق قدد

عا ت ال تكثل الت اعا ديرا. سالد ل ى تق يل يذا الط ب إال أن أفغانستان شخصيا ألتقدد وأناضداعي . األوس عيئ الشرق إلى ذلك فنن وعاإلضاف

أن الرعيش الدرعي ل ى الكدى الطويل سي ون لف تأثير إيجاعي ل دى حيدا تحددرق عاتجدداه حريدد أ دددر. ول ددى الكدددى إلددىسدد ان الكنطقدد وسدديؤد

األنظكدد القصددير نحددن نددرى االضددطراب والضددداعي التددي ت ددت ان يددا أو وعدانا عدض نرس الديناعيال في الد قدان وشدرق الكستدد و نا قد ش د

الجكالددال الكتطرفدد والدددول غيددر الصددديق أعددا عددش ان يددا الشدديولي . ولتحقيدق أيدداف ا. وإندف لردي صدالح ترى فرص فدي يدذه الديئد الضدداعي ف

أعتنددا أن نخصدد الكددوا د لدددل الدددول الشددري لكسددالدت ا ل ددى إدا تط ب يذا في الغالب عن قوال الدك يال الخاص يذه الرتر االنتقالي . وي

أن تدكل عش قوال الدول الشري لتطوير أو تحسين قدد ت ا ل دى تدوفير األعن لس ان ا.

ترحد عقدو يذه القيداد أنالقوال يي ضكان عقدعيوعسؤوليتي تجاه سدواء عدن حيدث ندف قدد تد فحصدف كدا يندغديأ ل عتط دب ل قدو لتضدكن

الحج أو الكد . والت اعي لكقات ينا في قوال الدك يال الخاص ولائالت أ نشرلدم لضكان سوج أقي عاستكرا يي ل قواتنا الكنتشر أننييو

ليوم إضافي أ ثر عكا يو عط وب إل كال الك ك . شخ

: عدا يددو الدددو الددذ ت ددددف القيداد الكر يدد ل دك يددال الخاصدد فددي 5سال الخاص يالدك أفرادعثل أخرىتد يب قوال الدك يال الخاص لدول

؟األ دنيين

شدريك" ال الء قدد " أو "عنداأجندديدفاع داخ ي " عأنف: سواء ولصف 5جاصد فنن تد يب قوال الدول الشري يو عن صدكي ع دام الدك يدال الخ

لكسر لك يدال القدوال الخاصد . ول قيداد الكر يد ل دك يدال الخاصد . وقدد أفداد دال القدوتينويدو عدا األ دنيد لالق اسخ عالقوال الخاص

ل دى ف د الدددين أفغانسدتان سدالدفددي جددا عؤيدل دانوا عكثاعد شدريك فددنن لدددينا لالقدد عتناعيدد عددش والثقافدد ويددو عددا ضددالف القددو . وعالكثددل

التددي تشددغل دو ا ع كددا فددي اإلعا اتيدد لقددوال الخاصدد الدريدد والجويدد اد اعاتي يد لددو القيداد الكر يد األ ثدر. و عكدا دان الكثدال أفغانستان

يددو الرداليدد الكسددتكر قددوال الشددري الل دك يددال الخاصدد فددي تطددوير ووحددال ل طدوا لقوال الدك يدال الخاصد الدراقيد ولدواء االسدتجاع

دل ت دك قدد تد إنشداء الدولد . و أنحداءالخاصد لددر واألس ح الت تي ال عددن الددايدد عواسددط لناصددر عددن قددوال الدك يددال فددي األصددل الوحدددال ل ددى عدددىتددد يد ا وتقدددي النصددح ل ددا وتد يك ددا ع قاعددت حيددث الخاصدد

لدالديدا األعدنتدوفر يكث دون قدوى عؤي د واحترافيد سنوال. واليدوم يد نى عسالد عن الواليال الكتحد .عأد

يدددي تدددد يدال عشدددتر عدددين الواليدددال األسدددد الكتأيدددب : تدددد يدال 6سفددي األ دنفددي تجددر وسددوج ،يدد ال اشددكي األ دنكك دد الالكتحددد و

الدذين ستتضدكن يدذه األفدرادتصف نوع أنيل يك ن ،أيا يعايو القادم التد يدال؟

دولدد عددن 15عددن أ ثددرل ددى 12األسددد الكتأيددب: تشددتكل تددد يدال 6جاألسدد عشا ق. وينصدب تر يد 11111عن وأ ثرخكس قا ال عخت ر

ل ى تقوي الدالقال الدس ري عين الدول الشري الكشا عن الكتأيب الح وعيدد . ال يئددالخدالل عددن ج عتدددد الجنسدديال عشددترق فيكدا عددين دل الواقديد يدذه األعني وسينا يو التد يدال عصك عحيث يصو التحديال

في عيئ الحرب غير الكدتاد . كا تشجش يذه التدد يدال وعاألخ األياموتدددادل الكد وعددال عددين القددوى الكشددا وعندداء قددد وظيريدد التددداون

التدد يدال عدن يدذا وتخ دق وتد يد الجاي يد . وعكا سال إدا األزعد تقاسدكون أنصدد ديدر النوع لالقال قوي عش الشر اء والح رداء الدذين ي

في أزع عا.

ترحد عقدو يذه القيداد أنالقوال يي ضكان عقدعيوعسؤوليتي تجاه سدواء عدن حيدث ندف قدد تد فحصدف كدا يندغديأ ل عتط دب ل قدو لتضدكن

الحج أو الكد . والت اعي لكقات ينا في قوال الدك يال الخاص ولائالت أ نشرلدم لضكان سوج أقي عاستكرا يي ل قواتنا الكنتشر أننييو

ليوم إضافي أ ثر عكا يو عط وب إل كال الك ك . شخ

: عدا يددو الدددو الددذ ت ددددف القيداد الكر يدد ل دك يددال الخاصدد فددي 5سال الخاص يالدك أفرادعثل أخرىتد يب قوال الدك يال الخاص لدول

؟األ دنيين

شدريك" ال الء قدد " أو "عنداأجندديدفاع داخ ي " عأنف: سواء ولصف 5جاصد فنن تد يب قوال الدول الشري يو عن صدكي ع دام الدك يدال الخ

لكسر لك يدال القدوال الخاصد . ول قيداد الكر يد ل دك يدال الخاصد . وقدد أفداد دال القدوتينويدو عدا األ دنيد لالق اسخ عالقوال الخاص

ل دى ف د الدددين أفغانسدتان سدالدفددي جددا عؤيدل دانوا عكثاعد شدريك فددنن لدددينا لالقدد عتناعيدد عددش والثقافدد ويددو عددا ضددالف القددو . وعالكثددل

التددي تشددغل دو ا ع كددا فددي اإلعا اتيدد لقددوال الخاصدد الدريدد والجويدد اد اعاتي يد لددو القيداد الكر يد األ ثدر. و عكدا دان الكثدال أفغانستان

يددو الرداليدد الكسددتكر قددوال الشددري الل دك يددال الخاصدد فددي تطددوير ووحددال ل طدوا لقوال الدك يدال الخاصد الدراقيد ولدواء االسدتجاع

دل ت دك قدد تد إنشداء الدولد . و أنحداءالخاصد لددر واألس ح الت تي ال عددن الددايدد عواسددط لناصددر عددن قددوال الدك يددال فددي األصددل الوحدددال ل ددى عدددىتددد يد ا وتقدددي النصددح ل ددا وتد يك ددا ع قاعددت حيددث الخاصدد

لدالديدا األعدنتدوفر يكث دون قدوى عؤي د واحترافيد سنوال. واليدوم يد نى عسالد عن الواليال الكتحد .عأد

يدددي تدددد يدال عشدددتر عدددين الواليدددال األسدددد الكتأيدددب : تدددد يدال 6سفددي األ دنفددي تجددر وسددوج ،يدد ال اشددكي األ دنكك دد الالكتحددد و

الدذين ستتضدكن يدذه األفدرادتصف نوع أنيل يك ن ،أيا يعايو القادم التد يدال؟

دولدد عددن 15عددن أ ثددرل ددى 12األسددد الكتأيددب: تشددتكل تددد يدال 6جاألسدد عشا ق. وينصدب تر يد 11111عن وأ ثرخكس قا ال عخت ر

ل ى تقوي الدالقال الدس ري عين الدول الشري الكشا عن الكتأيب الح وعيدد . ال يئددالخدالل عددن ج عتدددد الجنسدديال عشددترق فيكدا عددين دل الواقديد يدذه األعني وسينا يو التد يدال عصك عحيث يصو التحديال

في عيئ الحرب غير الكدتاد . كا تشجش يذه التدد يدال وعاألخ األياموتدددادل الكد وعددال عددين القددوى الكشددا وعندداء قددد وظيريدد التددداون

التدد يدال عدن يدذا وتخ دق وتد يد الجاي يد . وعكا سال إدا األزعد تقاسدكون أنصدد ديدر النوع لالقال قوي عش الشر اء والح رداء الدذين ي

في أزع عا.

الجويدد والدحريدد التددي والكددددال الدريدد : عددا يددو نددوع الكر دددال 7س ست ون عشكول ؟

الدريد األصدولعجكولد عتنولد عدن األسد الكتأيدب : سوج تشكل 7جوالجوي والدحري التي يت تنسيق ا عواسط فريدق لكدل عشدترق وعوحدد

فدي . واألسد ح في تد يب عوحد ل دى اع تكثل عنظوع يدعج لك يال فددي عددن سددت دول وأفددرادعددن خكددس سددرن أ ثددر سيشددا قيددذا الدددام

فددي األ دنيدد الك يدد الدحريدد عددن القالددد انطالقددا الدك يددال الدحريدد ال يدا لك يال الدقد . وسوج ت ون القوال الدحري عوجود لككا س

عش لن ثبوع افح القرصن وسوج تدكل واإلن ال والدحث واالقتياد الدر ون كل الفنن ،ذلك إلى وعاإلضاف الدول الشري لدر خ يج الدقد .

عددن عدد يج عددن قددوال الدك يددال الخاصدد وعددا ين عددن وحددد سدديتألفعيددادين التددد يب أنحدداءاالسددتطالع الدحددر الراعددد والدشددرين. ولدددر

عد لد وعدفديد أصدوالت دك القدوال تسدتغلسدوج األ دنالكتددد في اول عد التد يدال وذلك ل كسالد ل ى وتج ي ال عي اني ي ويندسي

القدوال ذلدك فدنن إلدى وعاإلضاف عكاث . أنظك قاع ي التشغيل الديني عين الثاعتد األجنحد عواسدط عنظوعد عدن ادائرال الدري سوج يدت دلك دا

نقددل وتوصدديل. أنظكدد أوريددب والدددوا سددواء كنصددال دلدد جددو ق وأنظكد ثاعت أجنح عروحي يجوم واائرال عقات ذال 01عن وأ ثر

األ بتت قددى القددوال ل ددى أننقددل عتنولدد )جكاليددا( سددوج تضددكن يسداي فترال الرؤي الكحدود . و وأثناءالك ام الن ا ي أثناءدل أقصى

عكددا يددوفر قددد إجكدداالعيئدد الدك يددال فددي األنظكدد ددل واحددد عددن ت ددك أثنداءالحاسد ل نجدا الددام األعدر عتردرد فدي سداح القتدال الحديثد ويدو

فتر الصراع.

غيددر لسدد ري عثددل ال يانددال ييئددال: يددل سيشددكل يددذا عشددا 0س الدع وعاسي ؟

وإدا لألعدددنالدددواني األ دندددي: يدددذا الددددام سيستضددديف الكر ددد 0جالددذ سددوج يتط ددب التددداليال إدا وعقددره لكددان سددينا يو األزعددال

عددددين الكنظكددددال وال يئددددال الكدنيدددد والدع وعاسددددي اعشددددا وتنسدددديق دل ييئد لتحديدد أنظكد يذا الحدث في تحدد أيكي والدس ري . وت كن

ندف سدوج أ األيد رد يد ل دن الزعد األ أثنداءعستوى قاع ي التشغيل الديندي نف سدوج يقدوم أيضدا أ كا وت اعل الكوا د. الطوا يشدد ل ى استجاع

فدي تدوفير الكسدالد الستضداف ح وعدال الددول األعري يعترديل الدو الكرجدو اإلجدراءالوذلك عدن خدالل تخطدي وتنسديق الطوا ،خالل .األزع تجاه

ل دى إنسدانيا الشدؤون الكدنيد سدينا يو وعخططد سدينرذوأثناء التدد يدال لالسددتراد عدن التنسدديق عصدك حددول عوضدولال عحدددد عددا لددد أيدام

ل دى ين داخ يدا. الكدرح لألشدخا اسدتجاع ال يئدالوالتخطي فيكا عين سدددوج يددددرز الدددتح فدددي السددد ان ل دددذا السدددينا يو اإلجكددداليالتنريدددذ أن

www.SOTECH-kmi.com SOTECH 10.3 | A6

Capability Builder

Major General Kenneth E. TovoCommander

Special Operations Command Central

SOCCENT Poised for Missions in Theater, While Forging Ties with Partners

Q&AQ&A

لقائدد الررقد حيث تستقر في قيادتك الجديدد عددد لك دك عسدالدا :1سعدا يدي الكدداد ال الجديدد التدي تتدد دا فدي القيداد الكر يد ألكانيا،في

(؟SOCCENTل دك يال الخاص )

لك ياتيدا وأثدرا أن أ ث خط حك قوي : لقد نت عحظوظا1جعن س ري ويو عا اشتكل ل ى الدديد عدن نقداا القيداد والدتح اسخا

عسدددر الكوزلددد لددددرالدك يدددال الخاصددد ( لقيددداد األعاعيددد القوالدددد )لك يال القياد الكر ي . وتوفر يذه النقاا قاعد يوعيد لدك يدال قدوال

الج دودلضدكان أن دا تسداي فدي وأنشطت ا وإجراءات االدك يال الخاص ندا قدد قكندا وأن ا عدني ضكن خط لكل ئيس الددث في الدول . و غ أن

ندا عدظد ج ودندا ل دى تخطدي أنندا إال عصقل عدض جوانب الخطد الكستقد ي و ذلك تطوير عجكول عتنول عن خطد الطدوا األنشط

عكا قد ينشأ عن عتط دال. ل قيام

األ جح"نحن ل ندد في الحرب الدا د عل :عانيتا وزير الدفاعو كا قال تسدتقيفي ا عجكولد عدن التحدديال التدي لاصر حرب وس أننا صرنا

عدن وعدن التقنيدال التدي تتطدو عسدرل و عن اإل ياب ت ا و ثافت اسرلال ثير عن ت دك إن. وحيث "عن القوى ل ى الساح الدولي الكت ايدالددد

نددذلاق عسؤولي القيداد الكر يد فننندا عن نط ناعد التحديال الكراجئ عدن ج دود ااقكندا عنداء ل دى التخطدي ل دل االحتكداالل. كدا ديرا قد ا قيدداد الدك يددال الخاصدد ل ددى أداء ج دددا ديددرا فددي تحسددين قددد عددذلنا كقر قياد لرريق الدكدل الكشدترقيقياد ع دون الدك يدال الخاصد الك ام

وذلددك لدك يددال الطددوا ال دددرى. وقددد شددرلنا فددي ،حددد ل قددوال الكوعرناعج تد يدي وتد يكي وعناو اتي ضخ ل تر يد ل دى ت دك الكتط ددال

األسدددد " الالك كددد . وسدددوج يلتدددوج الدرنددداعج عتدددد يد تسدددت ع االتدددي في ددا القيدداد الكر يدد سددت ونل قيدداد الكر يدد التددي التاعددد "الكتأيددب

ال قياد لرريق الدكل الكشترق.عقرعكثاع ل دك يال الخاص

: عا يي التدديالل التي اتخذت ا القياد الكر يد ل دك يدال الخاصد 2س عدد سحب القوال في الدراق؟

ع تدد عين عدددل وحدددال قددوال الدك يددال الخاصدد الدراقيدد عددا زلنددا: 2جنددف فددي الكسددتقدل أالتددي تدد نشددريا أثندداء لك يدد حريدد الدددراق. وأتصددو

نددأ أنشط اشتداق تق يدي في عسر الدك يال فدي الددراق القريب سوج الرددر القتنددا عددش شددر ائنا. وحتددى ذلددك الوقددت فنننددا سددوج نسدددى

األسدد ل دكل عد خا ج الدراق أثناء التد يدال اإلق يكيد عثدل تدد يدال القادع والكؤتكرال والكنتديال األخرى. وعالطدش فنن الدتخ الكتأيب

أتا في الدراق قد األعري ي لقوال الدك يال الخاص ال ديرعن االلت ام آخددرين ئيسدديين عثددل إق يكيددينعنشدداا أ دددر عددش شددر اء االنخددراالنددا

أخدرىالدرعي الكتحد وقوال الدك يال الخاص عدول خ يجي اإلعا الالددددول إلدددىعؤشدددرال عانخرددداب الط دددب إلطددداءولدندددان عدددش واأل دن

الكوفر ل قوال.

لقائدد الررقد حيث تستقر في قيادتك الجديدد عددد لك دك عسدالدا :1سعدا يدي الكدداد ال الجديدد التدي تتدد دا فدي القيداد الكر يد ألكانيا،في

(؟SOCCENTل دك يال الخاص )

لك ياتيدا وأثدرا أن أ ث خط حك قوي : لقد نت عحظوظا1جعن س ري ويو عا اشتكل ل ى الدديد عدن نقداا القيداد والدتح اسخا

عسدددر الكوزلددد لددددرالدك يدددال الخاصددد ( لقيددداد األعاعيددد القوالدددد )لك يال القياد الكر ي . وتوفر يذه النقاا قاعد يوعيد لدك يدال قدوال

الج دودلضدكان أن دا تسداي فدي وأنشطت ا وإجراءات االدك يال الخاص ندا قدد قكندا وأن ا عدني ضكن خط لكل ئيس الددث في الدول . و غ أن

ندا عدظد ج ودندا ل دى تخطدي أنندا إال عصقل عدض جوانب الخطد الكستقد ي و ذلك تطوير عجكول عتنول عن خطد الطدوا األنشط

عكا قد ينشأ عن عتط دال. ل قيام

األ جح"نحن ل ندد في الحرب الدا د عل :عانيتا وزير الدفاعو كا قال تسدتقيفي ا عجكولد عدن التحدديال التدي لاصر حرب وس أننا صرنا

عدن وعدن التقنيدال التدي تتطدو عسدرل و عن اإل ياب ت ا و ثافت اسرلال ثير عن ت دك إن. وحيث "عن القوى ل ى الساح الدولي الكت ايدالددد

نددذلاق عسؤولي القيداد الكر يد فننندا عن نط ناعد التحديال الكراجئ عدن ج دود ااقكندا عنداء ل دى التخطدي ل دل االحتكداالل. كدا ديرا قد ا قيدداد الدك يددال الخاصدد ل ددى أداء ج دددا ديددرا فددي تحسددين قددد عددذلنا كقر قياد لرريق الدكدل الكشدترقيقياد ع دون الدك يدال الخاصد الك ام

وذلددك لدك يددال الطددوا ال دددرى. وقددد شددرلنا فددي ،حددد ل قددوال الكوعرناعج تد يدي وتد يكي وعناو اتي ضخ ل تر يد ل دى ت دك الكتط ددال

األسدددد " الالك كددد . وسدددوج يلتدددوج الدرنددداعج عتدددد يد تسدددت ع االتدددي في ددا القيدداد الكر يدد سددت ونل قيدداد الكر يدد التددي التاعددد "الكتأيددب

ال قياد لرريق الدكل الكشترق.عقرعكثاع ل دك يال الخاص

: عا يي التدديالل التي اتخذت ا القياد الكر يد ل دك يدال الخاصد 2س عدد سحب القوال في الدراق؟

ع تدد عين عدددل وحدددال قددوال الدك يددال الخاصدد الدراقيدد عددا زلنددا: 2جنددف فددي الكسددتقدل أالتددي تدد نشددريا أثندداء لك يدد حريدد الدددراق. وأتصددو

نددأ أنشط اشتداق تق يدي في عسر الدك يال فدي الددراق القريب سوج الرددر القتنددا عددش شددر ائنا. وحتددى ذلددك الوقددت فنننددا سددوج نسدددى

األسدد ل دكل عد خا ج الدراق أثناء التد يدال اإلق يكيد عثدل تدد يدال القادع والكؤتكرال والكنتديال األخرى. وعالطدش فنن الدتخ الكتأيب

أتا في الدراق قد األعري ي لقوال الدك يال الخاص ال ديرعن االلت ام آخددرين ئيسدديين عثددل إق يكيددينعنشدداا أ دددر عددش شددر اء االنخددراالنددا

أخدرىالدرعي الكتحد وقوال الدك يال الخاص عدول خ يجي اإلعا الالددددول إلدددىعؤشدددرال عانخرددداب الط دددب إلطددداءولدندددان عدددش واأل دن

الكوفر ل قوال.

تتخذيا القيداد الكر يد ل دك يدال أنعا يي التدديالل التي تتوقش : 3سيدل حيدل القدوال و ؟أفغانسدتانالقدوال فدي خردضسيكا عدش ال الخاص

لك ياتي أل ى ل دك يال الخاصد فدي لك يد الحريد إيقاعالنظاعي يدني الدائك ؟

فتددر . وخدالل أفغانسدتانواالسددتقرا فدي عداألعنع تد عين عقينداقدد ل: 3جوحددددال عددن خردددض القدددوال ستسدددتكر لناصددرنا الخاصددد فدددي تطدددوير

ى. وعاإلضداف إلدى ذلدك فدنن عرنداعج اسدتقرا القدر ال وعاندوز األفغانيديو الخ الرئيسي ل ج ود فدي خطد الحك د الحاليد . وأتوقدش أنندا سدنرى

التدي تددل يدذا األفغانيد تر ي ا عتواصال ل ى تطوير الشدرا الكح يد الكح ددي والتنكيدد والددرواع عددش ح وعدد الكديريدد . األعددنالج ددد لترسددي

لنددد أو قددرب أن تدقددىالتدد ام قددوال الدك يددال الخاصدد أتوقددش وإجكدداالخرض القوال التق يديد فدنن قدوال وفي ظل . وعش يذاالكستويال الحالي

قدوال. وعدن ال ضدكنع ونا أ در ع ثيدر نسديا الدك يال الخاص ستصدح ألن يذا 2113عدى ج ودنا فيكا عدد أوالكد ر جدا توقش الطديد الدقيق

عحصد القدرا ال الوانيد . وأتوقدش أنندا سدوج نواصدل يدتكد ل دى إنكاعطريق عا عث كا نردل عش شدر ائنا األفغاني دل قوال الدك يال الخاص

اآلخرين. اإلق يكيين

القائدددان أولسددون واألعيددرال عيددل عددا رافيناألعيددرال إيريددك لدددر : 4سندف عددد لدام أعدن لن عخاوف كداالساعق والحالي لقياد الدك يال الخاص

الدناصدددر الخاصددد فدددي وحددددال الدك يدددال تدقدددىعدددن الحدددرب عكدددا ال عثدل ،الخاص . عا يي الخطوال التي تتخذيا لكسالد الدناصر الخاص

نتشا ؟ اج عين لك يال االاستراح ضكان وقت

: أنا عالتأ يدد أشدا عخداوف إذ تظدل الكتط ددال الدك ياتيد لقدوال 4جعتندا تواجدف ت ديددال غيدر لاديد حدول الددال أالدك يال الخاص لالي . ف

قددوال الدك يددال الخاصدد عؤي دد أحسددن عددا ي ددون ل ددذا النددوع عددن ل ددن الحرب. ولديس سدرا أن جد ء ديدرا عدن الط دب ل دى القدو إنكدا يدو عدن عسر لك يال القياد الكر ي . و غ أن خرض القوال في الددراق قدد

عا ت ال تكثل الت اعا ديرا. سالد ل ى تق يل يذا الط ب إال أن أفغانستان شخصيا ألتقدد وأناضداعي . األوس عيئ الشرق إلى ذلك فنن وعاإلضاف

أن الرعيش الدرعي ل ى الكدى الطويل سي ون لف تأثير إيجاعي ل دى حيدا تحددرق عاتجدداه حريدد أ دددر. ول ددى الكدددى إلددىسدد ان الكنطقدد وسدديؤد

األنظكدد القصددير نحددن نددرى االضددطراب والضددداعي التددي ت ددت ان يددا أو وعدانا عدض نرس الديناعيال في الد قدان وشدرق الكستدد و نا قد ش د

الجكالددال الكتطرفدد والدددول غيددر الصددديق أعددا عددش ان يددا الشدديولي . ولتحقيدق أيدداف ا. وإندف لردي صدالح ترى فرص فدي يدذه الديئد الضدداعي ف

أعتنددا أن نخصدد الكددوا د لدددل الدددول الشددري لكسددالدت ا ل ددى إدا تط ب يذا في الغالب عن قوال الدك يال الخاص يذه الرتر االنتقالي . وي

أن تدكل عش قوال الدول الشري لتطوير أو تحسين قدد ت ا ل دى تدوفير األعن لس ان ا.


ااإلنسانيیة وومهھماتت حفظ االسالمم في في عديید من االمهھامميیساهھھھم ااألررددنن تحت مظلة وويیعتبر من أأكثر االدوولل االتي تشارركك بمثل هھھھذةة االوااجباتت

يیا ووإإثيیوبيیا ووساحل االعاجج رااألمم االمتحدةة في االمناطق االساخنة مثل إإررتوواالعديید من ااألماكن ااألخرىى. وويیتجاووزز عددد ااألررددنيیيین االمشارركيین في

بلداا. ووقد أأقامت معظم تلك االدوولل تعاوونا 13أألفا في 14هھھھذهه االمهھماتت عسكريیا مع ااألررددنن هھھھو ثمرةة ما أأثبتهھ االجنودد ااألررددنيیونن عموما٬، ووقوااتت

ااثناء تنفيیذهھھھم لمثل هھھھذةة االعمليیاتت االخاصة تحديیداا٬، من مهھنيیة عاليیة.االمهھامم

٬، أأطلق جاللة االملك مباددررةة غيیر مسبوقة لمكافحة 2004في عامم االتطرفف ووما يیتعلق بهھ من تفسيیرااتت متشدددةة٬، ووذذلك عندما ااستضافت

لكشف ززيیف ووتعريیة عالماالماء مسلميین من كافة أأنحاء عمانن علتطرفة االتي تهھددد االسالمم ووااألمن االدوولي. ووقد نتج عن أليیديیولوجيیاتت االماا

هھھھذهه االمباددررةة ررسالة عمانن االتي تهھدفف إإلى نشر قيیم ااإلسالمم االحنيیف االذيي يیحرمم االعدوواانن االجائر ووااإلررهھھھابب وويیعززز قيیم االكراامة االبشريیة وواالحريیة وواالسالمم وواالعداالة. ووقد تم ترجمة ررسالة عمانن إإلى فعل ووووااقع

االعمليیاتت االخاصة ااألررددنيیة عبر برنامج على ااألررضض من قبل قوااتت ٬، وواالذيي يیهھدفف إإلى حرمانن في اافغانستانن عمليیاتت االمعلوماتت وواالدعم

االمتمردديین من االتعاطف االشعبي وواالحد من االمشاعر االعدوواانيیة نحو قوةة االمساعدةة ااألمنيیة االدووليیة (إإيیسافف).

: ما هھھھي االموااصفاتت االتي تبحثونن عنهھا في االمجنديین قبل 6سؤاالل لنا توضحقبولهھم في قوااتت االعمليیاتت االخاصة ااألررددنيیة؟ هھھھل يیمكن أأنن

عمليیة ااالختيیارر لديیكم؟

يیتم ااالنضمامم إإلى االقوااتت االمسلحة ااألررددنيیة على أأساسس طوعي٬، ووهھھھذاا على االعمليیاتت االخاصة. ووأأوولل متطلباتت االتطوعع هھھھو أأيیضا يینطبق

االرغبة لدىى االشخص في ااالنضمامم إإلى إإخوتهھ في االسالحح في قوااتت ااجتيیازز ااختباررااتت االليیاقة االصحيیة ى االمتقدميیناالعمليیاتت االخاصة٬، ووعل

وواالعقليیة. ففي االجانب االنفسي٬، يیجريي االفحص على يید مختص نفسي . ثم يیتم صي وواالقيیادديیة للمتقدمماالشخ االشخصيیة االسماتتعسكريي لكي نقيیم

. بعد ذذلك ليیاقة بدنيیةإإجرااء كشف طبي على االمتقدمم وويیجرىى لهھ ااختبارر يیتم إإددخالل من يیتجاووززوونن عمليیة ااالختيیارر ااألووليیة إإلى معسكر تحمل

وولمدةة شهھر يیخضعونن فيیهھ لتدرريیباتت شاملة. وواالهھدفف من هھھھذاا االمعسكر ني ووذذهھھھني. ووبعد هھھھو ااختبارر قدررةة االمتدرربيین على االعمل تحت ضغط بد

. االصاعقةووإإتمامم االتدرريیب٬، يیخضع االمجندوونن لدووررااتت تدرريیبيیة كمظليیيین في االمرحلة ااالخيیرةة يیتم توززيیع من يیجتازز كافة هھھھذةة االمتطلباتت االى

مختلف ووحدااتت ااالختصاصص في االتشكيیل ليیصارر االى ااعدااددهھھھم ااعداادداا تخصصيیا بما يیخدمم مهھامهھم االمستقبليیة.

لمستقبليیة ووتوجيیهھاتكم للتشكيیل للسنة ما هھھھي ررؤؤيیتكم اا: 7سؤاالل قاددمة.

اانا أأؤؤمن بانن االقوةة االبشريیة تشكل االعامودد االفقريي في بناء قدررااتت هھھھذاا االتشكيیل وونحن ندرركك االقدااررااتت وواالتحديیاتت االتي يیوااجهھا منتسبواا هھھھذاا

االتشكيیل. من هھھھذاا االمنطلق يیحتل تحسيین االظرووفف االمعيیشيیة للمنتسبي االتشكيیل سلم ااوولويیاتي. لذاا نسعى الدداامة ااالتصالل مع عائالتت االجنودد

ؤؤالئك االذيین فقدوواا معيیليیهھم من منتسبي االتشكيیل ااثناء االعمليیاتت ووخاصة ااأأوو االتدرريیب. وومن أأجل هھھھذةة االغايیة فقد تم تأسيیس فريیق ااالسنادد االعائلي

لزيیاددةة ااالهھھھتمامم بتأهھھھيیل في االتشكيیل ليیقومم بهھذاا االوااجب. كما نسعى ضباطط صف االتشكيیل ووااعطائهھم مساحة ااووسع في عمليیة صنع االقراارر.

نسعى ألنن تكونن براامجنا ووخططنا االتدرريیبيیة االسنويیة قاددررةة ثانيیا: فانناعلى تحقيیق طموحاتنا بالنهھوضض بمستوىى االتشكيیل ووقاددررةة على موااجهھة

االتهھديیدااتت ااألمنيیة االحاليیة وواالمستقبليیة. لذاا نسعى للتركيیز على تدرريیب يیعززز مفهھومم قوةة االوااجب االمشتركة.

كنولوجيیا من تطورر في مجالل ثالثا: نريید اانن ننتبهھ باستمراارر لما تقدمة االتاادداامة تزوويید مرتباتنا باألددووااتت االعمليیاتت االخاصة ألننا نؤمن بضرووررةة

مهھامهھم بنجاحح. ززاانجااالضروورريیة االتي تمكنهھم من


right attitude/right approach/right alongside

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االعالميیة في االوقت االحاضر٬، هھھھل تشجع ةئسيیاقق االبيی: في 3سؤاالل قوااتت االعمليیاتت االخاصة في بلدكك على االعمل مع نظيیرااتهھا في ددوولل

خاررجج االمنطقةوواالتعرفف عليیهھا؟

جواابب: في خطابب لجاللة االملك عبدااهللا في أأعقابب هھھھجماتت االحادديي عشر من سبتمبر٬، أأشارر جاللتهھ إإلى أأنهھ في االوقت االذيي يیتحد فيیهھ أأعدااء االسالمم ووااألمن وويیعملونن معا على نطاقق عالمي٬، نجد أأنن أأصدقاء االسالمم ووااألمن ال يینسقونن وويیتعاوونونن بما يیكفي. وولتحقيیق ررؤؤيیة جاللة االملك في

تعاوونن ووتنسيیق ددوولي أأكبر بما فيیهھ صالح االسالمم ووااألمن االدوولي٬، فإنن قوااتت االعمليیاتت االخاصة تقودد جهھودد االقوااتت االمسلحة ااألررددنيیة لتعزيیز

عاوونن مع نظراائنا إإقليیميیا ووعالميیا ووذذلك من خاللل تباددلل فرصص االتاالتدرريیب وواالخبرااتت ووحتى من خاللل االمشارركة في عمليیاتت حقيیقيیة مع

ددوولل أأخرىى٬، مثل تلك االتي تنفذ في أأفغانستانن ووأأماكن أأخرىى إإلى جانب قوااتت االحلفاء. ووكما أأشرتت سابقا٬، فإنن مركز االملك عبدااهللا االثاني

لخاصة قد أأنشئ كنقطة محورريیة لتباددلل االخبرااتت لتدرريیب االعمليیاتت ااإإقليیميیا ووددووليیا لتعزيیز هھھھذهه االرؤؤيیة.

: ما هھھھي االتقنيیاتت االتي تهھتمونن بالحصولل عليیهھا أأكثر من 4سؤاالل غيیرهھھھا لتستفيید منهھا االقوااتت االخاصة عندكم؟ هھھھل تحتاجونن لزيیاددةة

قدررتهھا على االقتالل أأمم سرعة حركتهھا أأمم تحسيین ااتصاالتهھا أأمم قدررتهھا ى االحمايیة أأمم غيیر ذذلك من االمجاالتت االرئيیسيیة ااألخرىى؟ عل

جواابب: ااالستثمارر في ررأأسس االمالل االبشريي لديینا من أأهھھھم أأوولويیاتنا في فإننا ال نتجاهھھھل ووبالمقابلسيیاقق عمليیة تطويیر قيیاددةة االعمليیاتت االخاصة.

االتكنولوجيیة االتي تعززز من حاجتنا االى ااالهھھھتمامم بتطويیر اامكنيیاتناوقت االحالي تركز االعمليیاتت االخاصة االمشتركة على في االفقدررااتنا.

[االقيیاددةة٬، االسيیطرةة٬، C4ISRمفهھومم لستخداامم ووتطويیر اادداامة . اايیضا,ااالتصاالتت٬، االكمبيیوتر٬، ااالستخباررااتت٬، االمرااقبة٬، ااالستطالعع]

للتشكيیل لما يیوفرةة هھھھذاا ااألهھھھميیة في غايیةطيیراانن االعمليیاتت االخاصة يیعد ٬، لذاا فإنن تزوويیدهه ااتت االعمليیاتت االخاصة االلوااءمن اامكانيیة االحركة لوحد

باألددووااتت االضروورريیة هھھھو أأحد أأوولويیاتنا. ووختاما فإننا سنستمر في تجهھيیز ووغيیر االتهھديیدااتت االتقليیديیة ووحدااتت االنخبة لديینا بكل ما تحتاجهھ لمحارربة

ووغيیرهھھھا من سلحة فعالة أأبفعاليیة ووكفاءةة٬، بما في ذذلك أأنظمة االتقليیديیةاالمصممة االعمليیاتت االخاصة ووخاصة تلك االمتطلباتت االضروورريیة لجنديي

للحمايیة.

: ما هھھھي أأهھھھميیة قوااتكم االخاصة بالنسبة لسيیاسة ااألررددنن 5سؤاالل االخاررجيیة االمتعلقة بحفظ االسالمم وواالعونن ااإلنساني؟ هھھھل لقوااتكم ددوورر

في هھھھذهه االمهھماتت؟


Special Forces Leader Q&AQ&A

: هھھھل يیمكن أأنن تزووددنا بمعلوماتت أأساسيیة حولل قيیاددةة االعمليیاتت 1سؤااللاالخاصة ااألررددنيیة من حيیث تنظيیمهھا ووحجمهھا ووهھھھيیكلهھا؟

قوااتت االخاصة في ااألررددنن عامم االنوااةة ااالوولى لل جواابب: منذ تأسيیسبنائهھا من حيیث االحجم وواالتنظيیم بناء مرنا كونن خطط ألنن يی٬، 1963

االمتغيیرةة االتي ااألمنيیة كي تستطيیع أأنن تتعامل مع االتحديیاتت وودديیناميیكيیا توااجهھ أأمننا االوطني٬، ووقد تطورر االهھيیكل االتنظيیمي بشكل كبيیر عبر

نصف االقرنن االماضي ووذذلك ااستجابة للتغيیرااتت في طبيیعة االتهھديیدااتت فإنن قوااتت االعمليیاتت االخاصة قد االدااخليیة وواالخاررجيیة٬، ووبالمختصر

ي وواالوااجباتت ف مظليیيین متعدددةة االمهھماتت سريیة هھا من أتتدررجت في نشيیضم عدةة ووحدااتت متخصصة في قوااتت خاصة أأوواائل االستيیناتت إإلى لوااء

االثمانيیناتت٬، بما فيیهھا ووحدةة مظليیيین ووووحدةة عمليیاتت خاصة ووووحدةة رووزز مكافحة إإررهھھھابب محدووددةة االحجم. ووفي بداايیاتت هھھھذاا االقرنن وومع ب

تحديیاتت جديیدةة أأمامم ااألمن االوطني٬، أأنشأتت ااألررددنن قوااتت شبهھ عسكريیة هھھھي قوااتت االدرركك. كانن االهھدفف من تأسيیس هھھھذهه االقوةة االعسكريیة االجديیدةة

موااجهھة االتحديیاتت ااألمنيیة االدااخليیة٬، مما تركك االمجالل أأمامم قوااتت االعمليیاتت االخاصة للتركيیز على االتهھديیدااتت االدفاعيیة االتي توااجهھ االوطن٬،

فقد تغيیر االمفهھومم من عمليیاتت خاصة إإلى عمليیاتت خاصة ووعليیهھ بشكل حاليیاوو مشتركة. تتكونن االعمليیاتت االخاصة االمشتركة االملكيیة

خدماتت وواالسنادد ااالمن ووحدااتت عددد ررئيیسي من ثالثة أألويیة يیراافقهھا .للتشكيیل, ووهھھھذةة ااأللويیة هھھھي االعمليیاتت وواالتدرريیب االقيیاسيیةاالتي تسهھل

ن مجموعة قوااتت خاصة ووكتيیبة مكافحة ميیتألف لوااء االقوااتت االخاصة من حيیث االتسليیح تجهھيیز هھھھذاا االلوااء حيیث تمإإررهھھھابب ووكتيیبة بحث ووإإنقاذذ.

االتهھديیدااتت غيیر االتقليیديیة مع وواالتدرريیب ليیكونن قاددرراا على االتعامل مع االصاعقةاالتقليیديیة.أأما لوااء االتهھديیدااتتقدررةة جيیدةة أأيیضا على موااجهھة

فهھو مسخر بشكل أأكبر لمحارربة االتهھديیدااتت االتقليیديیة مع قدررااتت جيیدةة طيیراانن هھھھناكك لوااءااضافتا لذلك على ددعم االعمليیاتت ااألمنيیة االدااخليیة.االمشتركة االقدررةة على االوااجب االعمليیاتت االخاصة االذيي يیوفر لقوااتت

تستفيید منهھا فرقق ااقتحاماالحركة ووإإمكانيیة ااالستجابة االسريیعة وومنصاتت .للوصولل االى ااهھھھداافهھا ررهھھھابب على ووجهھ االخصوصصمكافحة ااإل

: تمتلك ااألررددنن مراافق بمعايیيیر ددووليیة في مركز االملك عبد ااهللا 2سؤاالل لتدرريیب االعمليیاتت االخاصة. كيیف ساعد هھھھذاا االمركز على تعزيیز

االعالقاتت االوثيیقة مع حلفائكم ااإلقليیميیيین ووكيیف ساعد االتدرريیب وواالعمل مع نظراائكم من االقوااتت االخاصة في االدوولل ااألخرىى على تعزيیز

إإمكانيیاتكم؟

جواابب: يیعد مركز االملك عبدااهللا االثاني لتدرريیب االعمليیاتت االخاصة بالفعل مرفقا فريیداا من نوعهھ في االمنطقة. ووقد كانت االفكرةة منهھ أأساسا أأنن

ووحدااتت ااألمن االدااخلييیكونن مركزاا محورريیا لتدرريیب قوااتت االنخبة وووىى ووووحدااتت مكافحة ااإلررهھھھابب٬، ليیس فقط في االمنطقة٬، بل على مست

مركز االملك عبدااهللا للمتدرربيین فرصة فريیدةة لكسب راالعالم ككل. وويیوفاالخبرةة وواالمعرفة وواالتفاعل مع االقوااتت االنظيیرةة من ددوولل أأخرىى٬، مما

يیشكل مجمعا من االمحترفيین ذذوويي االمستوىى االرفيیع من ااإلعداادد وواالكفاءةة خاصة للوقوفف في ووجهھ االتحديیاتت موواالذيین يیمكن أأنن يیوحدوواا جهھوددهھھھ

االذيین٬، االعالميیيیناالمدرربيین منكاددرر يیحتضن االمركزرةة للحدوودد. االعاب تلكتم ااختيیاررهھھھم بعنايیة بناء على مؤهھھھالتهھم االقويیة ووخبرتهھم االمتيینة االتي

مصدرر فائدةة عظيیمة لكل االمشارركيین في براامج االتدرريیب االتي تجعلهھممركز.االتعقد في


It’s in your nature, so it’s in our vehicles.At Navistar Defense we build the nearly unparalleled vehicles and engines that provide our customers with the reliability, agility and protection needed for mission success. And with our global service networkand in-theater field support, we make sure they continue to perform with the utmost precision. We areNavistar Defense – serving those who protect, and protecting those who serve.

: هھھھل يیمكن أأنن تزووددنا بمعلوماتت أأساسيیة حولل قيیاددةة االعمليیاتت 1سؤااللاالخاصة ااألررددنيیة من حيیث تنظيیمهھا ووحجمهھا ووهھھھيیكلهھا؟

قوااتت االخاصة في ااألررددنن عامم االنوااةة ااالوولى لل جواابب: منذ تأسيیسبنائهھا من حيیث االحجم وواالتنظيیم بناء مرنا كونن خطط ألنن يی٬، 1963

االمتغيیرةة االتي ااألمنيیة كي تستطيیع أأنن تتعامل مع االتحديیاتت وودديیناميیكيیا توااجهھ أأمننا االوطني٬، ووقد تطورر االهھيیكل االتنظيیمي بشكل كبيیر عبر

نصف االقرنن االماضي ووذذلك ااستجابة للتغيیرااتت في طبيیعة االتهھديیدااتت فإنن قوااتت االعمليیاتت االخاصة قد االدااخليیة وواالخاررجيیة٬، ووبالمختصر

ي وواالوااجباتت ف مظليیيین متعدددةة االمهھماتت سريیة هھا من أتتدررجت في نشيیضم عدةة ووحدااتت متخصصة في قوااتت خاصة أأوواائل االستيیناتت إإلى لوااء

االثمانيیناتت٬، بما فيیهھا ووحدةة مظليیيین ووووحدةة عمليیاتت خاصة ووووحدةة رووزز مكافحة إإررهھھھابب محدووددةة االحجم. ووفي بداايیاتت هھھھذاا االقرنن وومع ب

تحديیاتت جديیدةة أأمامم ااألمن االوطني٬، أأنشأتت ااألررددنن قوااتت شبهھ عسكريیة هھھھي قوااتت االدرركك. كانن االهھدفف من تأسيیس هھھھذهه االقوةة االعسكريیة االجديیدةة

موااجهھة االتحديیاتت ااألمنيیة االدااخليیة٬، مما تركك االمجالل أأمامم قوااتت االعمليیاتت االخاصة للتركيیز على االتهھديیدااتت االدفاعيیة االتي توااجهھ االوطن٬،

فقد تغيیر االمفهھومم من عمليیاتت خاصة إإلى عمليیاتت خاصة ووعليیهھ بشكل حاليیاوو مشتركة. تتكونن االعمليیاتت االخاصة االمشتركة االملكيیة

خدماتت وواالسنادد ااالمن ووحدااتت عددد ررئيیسي من ثالثة أألويیة يیراافقهھا .للتشكيیل, ووهھھھذةة ااأللويیة هھھھي االعمليیاتت وواالتدرريیب االقيیاسيیةاالتي تسهھل

ن مجموعة قوااتت خاصة ووكتيیبة مكافحة ميیتألف لوااء االقوااتت االخاصة من حيیث االتسليیح تجهھيیز هھھھذاا االلوااء حيیث تمإإررهھھھابب ووكتيیبة بحث ووإإنقاذذ.

االتهھديیدااتت غيیر االتقليیديیة مع وواالتدرريیب ليیكونن قاددرراا على االتعامل مع االصاعقةاالتقليیديیة.أأما لوااء االتهھديیدااتتقدررةة جيیدةة أأيیضا على موااجهھة

فهھو مسخر بشكل أأكبر لمحارربة االتهھديیدااتت االتقليیديیة مع قدررااتت جيیدةة طيیراانن هھھھناكك لوااءااضافتا لذلك على ددعم االعمليیاتت ااألمنيیة االدااخليیة.االمشتركة االقدررةة على االوااجب االعمليیاتت االخاصة االذيي يیوفر لقوااتت

تستفيید منهھا فرقق ااقتحاماالحركة ووإإمكانيیة ااالستجابة االسريیعة وومنصاتت .للوصولل االى ااهھھھداافهھا ررهھھھابب على ووجهھ االخصوصصمكافحة ااإل

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SOTECH 10-3 (May 2012)

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Transcript of SOTECH 10-3 (May 2012)