SOME MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES SOME MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PALYCEPHALYDAE, MENIDAE AND OF PALYCEPHALYDAE, MENIDAE AND

CYNOGLOSSIDAECYNOGLOSSIDAE

PHAM QUOC HUYPHAM QUOC HUY

Research Institute for Marine Fisheries - VietnamResearch Institute for Marine Fisheries - Vietnam

REVIEW OF MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURESREVIEW OF MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES

1. Platycephalidae1. Platycephalidae

- Platycephalids are small to medium size, elongate fishes - Platycephalids are small to medium size, elongate fishes with a strongly depressed head. They are benthic ambush with a strongly depressed head. They are benthic ambush predators and are found primarily on sand or mud bottom predators and are found primarily on sand or mud bottom of estuarine and coastal waters, bur some are associated of estuarine and coastal waters, bur some are associated with rocky or coral reef areas. Some species are with rocky or coral reef areas. Some species are commercially and recreationally important.commercially and recreationally important.

- From the tropical Indo - Pacific region, 14 genera and - From the tropical Indo - Pacific region, 14 genera and approximately 50 species are recognized.approximately 50 species are recognized.

- Demersal, burrying in the bottom. Feed mainly on - Demersal, burrying in the bottom. Feed mainly on crustaceans and small fishes. Occurring at about 10-300 crustaceans and small fishes. Occurring at about 10-300 m. Maximum length about 1.1 m. m. Maximum length about 1.1 m.

REVIEW OF MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURESREVIEW OF MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES

2. Menidae2. Menidae

- Menids are small to moderate fish with an - Menids are small to moderate fish with an extremely compressed disc-like body. This extremely compressed disc-like body. This monotypic famly occurs in habitats ranging from monotypic famly occurs in habitats ranging from estuaries to the outer shelf.estuaries to the outer shelf.

REVIEW OF MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURESREVIEW OF MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES

3. Cynoglossidae3. Cynoglossidae

- Tonggue soles are elongate, small to moderate, sinistral - Tonggue soles are elongate, small to moderate, sinistral flatfishes with continuous medial fins. They are benthic flatfishes with continuous medial fins. They are benthic carnivores and occur on soft bottoms. There are three carnivores and occur on soft bottoms. There are three Indo-Pacific general in two subfamilies with approximately Indo-Pacific general in two subfamilies with approximately 60 species, many of which are commercially important.60 species, many of which are commercially important.

- To about 48 cm maximum length, usually below 30 cm. - To about 48 cm maximum length, usually below 30 cm. Tongue fishes are found in warm waters of all oceans Tongue fishes are found in warm waters of all oceans (between 40° latitudes). Most species occur in shallow (between 40° latitudes). Most species occur in shallow water or estuaries; Symphurinae are in deep water of water or estuaries; Symphurinae are in deep water of 300-1,900 m; many species are commercially important. 300-1,900 m; many species are commercially important. Five species are known primarily from rivers Five species are known primarily from rivers

OBSERVER FROM THE SAMPLEOBSERVER FROM THE SAMPLE

1. Platycephalidae1. Platycephalidae

Measurements: Measurements:

- BL: 5.0mm- BL: 5.0mm SnL: 0.8mmSnL: 0.8mm

- HL: 2.1mm- HL: 2.1mm PAL: 3.2mmPAL: 3.2mm

- ED: 0.5mm- ED: 0.5mm BD : 1.7mmBD : 1.7mm

Counts: Counts:

D: IX-13; A: 11; P1:19; P2:5; C:15D: IX-13; A: 11; P1:19; P2:5; C:15

- Sampling location: SW-SE Vietnam- Sampling location: SW-SE Vietnam

- Sample gear: Bottom trawl- Sample gear: Bottom trawl

- Stage: Plexion- Stage: Plexion

OBSERVER FROM THE SAMPLEOBSERVER FROM THE SAMPLE

2. Menidae2. Menidae - - Mene maculataMene maculata

- Sampling location: SW-SE Vietnam- Sampling location: SW-SE Vietnam

- Sampling gear: Bottom trawl- Sampling gear: Bottom trawl

- Stage: Plexion- Stage: Plexion

- Counts: D: IV-26; A: I-24; C: 19; Myomeres: 25- Counts: D: IV-26; A: I-24; C: 19; Myomeres: 25

Measurements:Measurements:

- BL: 4.2mm;- BL: 4.2mm; SnL: 0.5mmSnL: 0.5mm

- HL: 1.5mm;- HL: 1.5mm; PAL: 2.1mmPAL: 2.1mm

- ED: 0.6mm;- ED: 0.6mm; BD: 3.5mmBD: 3.5mm

OBSERVER FROM THE SAMPLEOBSERVER FROM THE SAMPLE3. Cynoglossidae3. Cynoglossidae

- Sampling location: West Kalimatan - Indonesia- Sampling location: West Kalimatan - Indonesia

- Sampling gear: Bongo net- Sampling gear: Bongo net

- Stage: Plexion- Stage: Plexion

Measurements:Measurements:- BL: 9.4mm;- BL: 9.4mm; SnL: 0.44mmSnL: 0.44mm- HL: 2.4mm;- HL: 2.4mm; PAL: 3.6mmPAL: 3.6mm- ED: 0.26mm;- ED: 0.26mm; BD: 1.5mmBD: 1.5mmCounts:Counts:D: 95; A: 83; P2: 4; C: 11D: 95; A: 83; P2: 4; C: 11Myomeres: 48Myomeres: 48

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