SOMALIAUpdate on Humanitarian

SituationAs at 23 June 2006As at 23 June 2006

Overall Developments… Remains one of the most challenging & worrying humanitarian Remains one of the most challenging & worrying humanitarian

crises in the worldcrises in the world TFG & ICU signed an agreement (22 June) in Khartoum calling TFG & ICU signed an agreement (22 June) in Khartoum calling

for an immediate cease-fire & conferring mutual recognition for an immediate cease-fire & conferring mutual recognition (under auspices of Arab league)(under auspices of Arab league)

Both parties agreed to reconvene on July 15 to negotiate a full Both parties agreed to reconvene on July 15 to negotiate a full peace agreement without preconditionspeace agreement without preconditions

ICU opposing deployment of peace troopsICU opposing deployment of peace troops The APRCT considered as defunctThe APRCT considered as defunct SGSR briefed the SC on 19 June, ECHA will discuss Somalia on SGSR briefed the SC on 19 June, ECHA will discuss Somalia on

29 June & Policy Committee on 11 July29 June & Policy Committee on 11 July Establishment of International Somalia Contact Group (1Establishment of International Somalia Contact Group (1stst

meeting on 15 Jun06, next meeting in Jul06)meeting on 15 Jun06, next meeting in Jul06)

Humanitarian Situation Fortunately worst case scenario (famine!) averted due to deep Fortunately worst case scenario (famine!) averted due to deep

social support systems, absence of outbreak or widespread social support systems, absence of outbreak or widespread conflict in central south & humanitarian reliefconflict in central south & humanitarian relief

Initial good GU rains brought little relief in terms of improved Initial good GU rains brought little relief in terms of improved pasture and water availabilitypasture and water availability

Cereal crop harvest projected to be below normal due to poor Cereal crop harvest projected to be below normal due to poor rains in some key cropping areas, outbreaks of worms, rains in some key cropping areas, outbreaks of worms, localized flooding & insufficient agricultural inputslocalized flooding & insufficient agricultural inputs

Very high levels of asset loss (cattle deaths of 50% in Gedo) & Very high levels of asset loss (cattle deaths of 50% in Gedo) & financial indebtedness ensure that full recovery could take financial indebtedness ensure that full recovery could take several years several years

Humanitarian Emergency in southern Somalia will continue Humanitarian Emergency in southern Somalia will continue through December 2006 (FSAU/FEWS NET)through December 2006 (FSAU/FEWS NET)

Central & Northern Regions continue to be in an Acute Food Central & Northern Regions continue to be in an Acute Food and Livelihood Crisisand Livelihood Crisis

Humanitarian Situation Continued… 1.7 million people in need of assistance plus 400,000 IDPs1.7 million people in need of assistance plus 400,000 IDPs Deterioration of Malnutrition rates ( GAM at 23.8% in Gedo, Deterioration of Malnutrition rates ( GAM at 23.8% in Gedo,

22% in Afmadow & 21.9% in Buale)22% in Afmadow & 21.9% in Buale) Child & maternal mortality rates are highest in the world (1 in Child & maternal mortality rates are highest in the world (1 in

every 4 children dying before age of 5)every 4 children dying before age of 5) Protection remains a major gap & situation of IDPs remains Protection remains a major gap & situation of IDPs remains

below any minimum acceptable standards (among worst in below any minimum acceptable standards (among worst in Africa)Africa)

Alarming increase in people smuggled from Puntland, Alarming increase in people smuggled from Puntland, thousands of Ethiopians & Somalis, primarily from the south, thousands of Ethiopians & Somalis, primarily from the south, continue to be vulnerable to organized smuggling ring continue to be vulnerable to organized smuggling ring

Humanitarian Response CAP revised in March 2006 requesting US$ 331,371,720 CAP revised in March 2006 requesting US$ 331,371,720

targeting 2.1 million peopletargeting 2.1 million people LOW implementation COVERAGE across the various clusters, LOW implementation COVERAGE across the various clusters,

mainly due to mainly due to lack of funding,lack of funding, limited access & insecurity limited access & insecurity Against an estimated 58,000 malnourished children, present Against an estimated 58,000 malnourished children, present

coverage of supplementary & therapeutic feeding is reaching coverage of supplementary & therapeutic feeding is reaching only 15% of the totalonly 15% of the total

In the water sector less than 40% of those in need are actually In the water sector less than 40% of those in need are actually reached with an estimated 5 liters per person per dayreached with an estimated 5 liters per person per day

For food aid, distributions were generally delayed, mainly due toFor food aid, distributions were generally delayed, mainly due to shortfalls in the food basket and partly due to insecurityshortfalls in the food basket and partly due to insecurity

Over 1 million children have been vaccinated against measles, Over 1 million children have been vaccinated against measles, half of them in south Somaliahalf of them in south Somalia

More than 20,000 pupils enabled to resumed schooling (54% of More than 20,000 pupils enabled to resumed schooling (54% of target), emergency school feeding developed (UNICEF, WFP & target), emergency school feeding developed (UNICEF, WFP & other educational partners)other educational partners)

Humanitarian Response Continued… Most compelling needs are food insecurity & nutritional Most compelling needs are food insecurity & nutritional

supportsupport Immunization activities to combat outbreak of polio Immunization activities to combat outbreak of polio

need to be maintained in addition to deployment of need to be maintained in addition to deployment of mobile health servicesmobile health services

An IDP profiling exercise has also commenced (first An IDP profiling exercise has also commenced (first phase through a desk review) phase through a desk review)

As interagency assessment is in Merka (22-27Jun) to As interagency assessment is in Merka (22-27Jun) to negotiate with authorities on basic principles of negotiate with authorities on basic principles of engagement & to conduct a rapid humanitarian engagement & to conduct a rapid humanitarian assessment of IDPsassessment of IDPs

Mogadishu… Since early June, Mogadishu mainly under control of ICU, generally Since early June, Mogadishu mainly under control of ICU, generally

calm yet calm yet most recently (23 Jun06) an expatriate journalist shot in most recently (23 Jun06) an expatriate journalist shot in Mogadishu Mogadishu

Since Feb06, militia allied to (ARPCT) and ICU clashed at key Since Feb06, militia allied to (ARPCT) and ICU clashed at key strategic points in Mogadishustrategic points in Mogadishu

Over 500 killed, 2,000 wounded, 18,000 displaced to nearby city, Over 500 killed, 2,000 wounded, 18,000 displaced to nearby city, thousands (most vulnerable/IDPS) stuck in Mogadishu thousands (most vulnerable/IDPS) stuck in Mogadishu

Due to fighting both Measles & polio campaigns were interrupted, Due to fighting both Measles & polio campaigns were interrupted, but situation now improving (Polio took place & Measles planned)but situation now improving (Polio took place & Measles planned)

Home to largest IDP caseload (250,000 to 300,000), majority are Home to largest IDP caseload (250,000 to 300,000), majority are children & women, with 45% females headed householdschildren & women, with 45% females headed households

IDPs live in very poor conditions, in abandoned government IDPs live in very poor conditions, in abandoned government buildings & makeshift huts, lacking access to the most basic social buildings & makeshift huts, lacking access to the most basic social servicesservices

Humanitarian community DOES have a presence in Mogadishu ( 8 Humanitarian community DOES have a presence in Mogadishu ( 8 UN agencies through national staff , around 12 INGOs, a large UN agencies through national staff , around 12 INGOs, a large number of national actors)number of national actors)

Mogadishu Continued… Ongoing activities include: nutritional support, health, water & Ongoing activities include: nutritional support, health, water &

sanitation and education. Response, however, is far below sanitation and education. Response, however, is far below needsneeds

Appreciable number of health & education facilities (around 25 Appreciable number of health & education facilities (around 25 hospitals & more than 200 schools), yet mostly run on private hospitals & more than 200 schools), yet mostly run on private basis which hampers access by poor & most vulnerable basis which hampers access by poor & most vulnerable including IDPsincluding IDPs

Present calm in Mogadishu (??) provides a window of Present calm in Mogadishu (??) provides a window of opportunity to build upon existing activities but should be opportunity to build upon existing activities but should be based on dialogue on issues of access & security for aid based on dialogue on issues of access & security for aid personnelpersonnel

Priorities in Mogadishu include health, water & sanitation with Priorities in Mogadishu include health, water & sanitation with focus on IDPsfocus on IDPs

Governor of Mogadishu met with UNCT , a humanitarian Governor of Mogadishu met with UNCT , a humanitarian mission is in the pipeline (to be preceded by security mission is in the pipeline (to be preceded by security assessment)assessment)

Obstacles & Constraints… Sustained access & security remains the overriding concernSustained access & security remains the overriding concern Lack of partners & poor operational capacityLack of partners & poor operational capacity Low levels & delayed funding. To date, CAP is 43% covered, Low levels & delayed funding. To date, CAP is 43% covered,

food sector 62%, yet critical sectors like agriculture, health, food sector 62%, yet critical sectors like agriculture, health, education &protection, less than 20% funded education &protection, less than 20% funded

Logistical constraints due to the continuing lack of Logistical constraints due to the continuing lack of infrastructure & now localized floodinginfrastructure & now localized flooding

Lack of cooperation of the authoritiesLack of cooperation of the authorities

Coordination Mechanisms… Somalia one of pilot countries for Cluster leadership modelSomalia one of pilot countries for Cluster leadership model IASC Somalia established in early 2006 with membership of 7 IASC Somalia established in early 2006 with membership of 7

UN, 7 NGO & ICRC as observerUN, 7 NGO & ICRC as observer Cluster Approach Leadership, in accordance with global clusters: Cluster Approach Leadership, in accordance with global clusters:

Health (WHO), WATSAN (UNICEF), Nutrition (UNICEF), Logistics Health (WHO), WATSAN (UNICEF), Nutrition (UNICEF), Logistics (WFP) & Protection (UNHCR)(WFP) & Protection (UNHCR)

Specific arrangements at country level: Education (UNICEF), Specific arrangements at country level: Education (UNICEF), Food (WFP) & Agriculture/Livelihoods (FAO)Food (WFP) & Agriculture/Livelihoods (FAO)

Broad engagement of NGOs in IASC & as co-leads of some of Broad engagement of NGOs in IASC & as co-leads of some of clusters enhanced both partnerships & ownership of clusters enhanced both partnerships & ownership of humanitarian actionhumanitarian action

Challenges include limited partnership with national authorities Challenges include limited partnership with national authorities & local NGOs & reluctance by some NGOs to operate within the & local NGOs & reluctance by some NGOs to operate within the clusters modelsclusters models

Reluctance & sometimes (difficulty) by some cluster leads to Reluctance & sometimes (difficulty) by some cluster leads to think beyond their think beyond their normal institutional responsibilitiesnormal institutional responsibilities

Key Messages… The Emergency is NOT OVER!The Emergency is NOT OVER! Due to sustained high levels of malnutrition, high levels of Due to sustained high levels of malnutrition, high levels of

asset loss & predicted below normal cereal harvest, there is a asset loss & predicted below normal cereal harvest, there is a need for continued humanitarian relief need for continued humanitarian relief

Increased attention to providing livelihood support for Increased attention to providing livelihood support for recovery (livestock programs, cash assistance & agricultural recovery (livestock programs, cash assistance & agricultural support)support)

Enhanced advocacy to ensure that Somalia is a PRIORTY on Enhanced advocacy to ensure that Somalia is a PRIORTY on the international humanitarian agendathe international humanitarian agenda

Increased donor support including non-traditional donorsIncreased donor support including non-traditional donors Donors to provide more flexible emergency funding to enable Donors to provide more flexible emergency funding to enable

investment in operational capacity of the NGOs on the groundinvestment in operational capacity of the NGOs on the ground Operational agencies to enhance their presence in south Operational agencies to enhance their presence in south

Somalia with focus on protection capacitySomalia with focus on protection capacity

Key Messages Continued… Resource mobilization for IDP interventionsResource mobilization for IDP interventions Engage ALL actors in Somalia to adopt a COMMON Engage ALL actors in Somalia to adopt a COMMON

APPRAOCH calling for respect of IH & HR & providing APPRAOCH calling for respect of IH & HR & providing adequate security & facilitating sustained access to adequate security & facilitating sustained access to population in needpopulation in need

Address underlying causes such as environmental Address underlying causes such as environmental degradation & on-going civil insecuritydegradation & on-going civil insecurity

Support implementation of Cluster Leadership model in Support implementation of Cluster Leadership model in SomaliaSomalia