Solvay/ Torlon Thrust Bearing Discussion Torlon Versus Vespel · To our actual knowledge, the...

Solvay/ Torlon Thrust Bearing Discussion Torlon Versus Vespel8-7-2018Brian Stern

Agenda

Torlon Commercial Applications Thrust Bearing Requirements Torlon Property Discussion Torlon Friction and Wear Testing

Dry and Lubricated

Torlon versus Vespel Application Requirements

© 2011 Solvay Specialty Polymers2


Commercial Torlon Applications – Transportation


Requirements Wear resistance in lubricated and

non-lubricated environments

Impact and compressive strength

Dimensional stability

Non-seizing vs. metal

Grades 4645, 4301, 4275, 4203, KT-

820SL30, KT880FW30

Competitive Materials Axial Needle Bearing

PEEK, Vespel

DU - Metal/polymer (PTFE)

Axial Thrust Bearings


Commercial Thrust Bearing Applications


Needle Bearing Replacement – Axial Thrust Bearing


Planetary Gear Set

Planetary Gear System Spur Gear – no Axial thrust Helical Gear – Axial thrust

http://science.howstuffworks.com/gear7.htm


FRICTION AND WEAR – DEFINE REQUIREMENTS

What is the application (seal ring, thrust washer, thrust bearing, Journal bearing)?

What are the temperature requirements? What is the chemical environment? What is the counter surface Is the application lubricated or Dry? What pressure (psi) and velocity (FT/min)? Is COF important (Static or Dynamic)? How is lubrication provided and what is the viscosity? What is the incumbent material/product?

Recommended Polymer?


Polyamide-imide IntroductionTorlon® PAI Resins Exceptional strength and stiffness up to 275°C

Outstanding wear resistance

Excellent chemical resistance to automotive fluids

Inherent flame resistance

Low CLTE


Torlon Mechanical Performance at High Temperatures

Amorphous BehaviorSemi-Crystalline Behavior

PEI TPI PAI

PEEK

Torlon® retains exceptional mechanical properties up to its Glass Transition Temp (276°C)


Mechanical Properties of Torlon versus PEEK


Torlon FW GradesGrade Description Formulation

4203L NOT Recommended for FW but maybe used in some lubricated apps

NO FILLER

4301 Exceptional Wear Dry…high P and Mod VVery good Wear Lubricated

Graphite/PTFE

4275 Exceptional Wear Dry Graphite/PTFE

4630 Exceptional Wear Dry….high V low P

Graphite/PTFE

4435 Exceptional Wear Dry….high V low P

Proprietary

4645 Exceptional Wear Lubricated…concern about Counter Surface

CF/PTFE


Wea

r Rat

e

P V

• D3702 Standard test specimen geometry or small thrustwasher – nominal diameter of 1.12”

• D3702 Standard counterface condition – 1018 steel with consistent surface roughness

Wear Rate = in/hr

K = “Wear Factor”

K = Wear Rate (in/hr)P*V

PV Limit

Friction and Wear Refresher – ASTM D3702 Standard

Drawback with small thrustwasher:

• Maximum velocity is 2000 ft/min

• Needle bearing application calls for velocity of over 3000 ft/min

• Need larger thrustwasher configuration – 2” nominal diameter

Increase diameter of specimen for higher velocities

2πr = circumference


Results:Temperature, COF and Wear Rate

Determine PV limitLubricated and Dry Testing Capability

FALEX MULTI SPECIMEN TESTER

1018 mild cold rolled steel Ra 14-18 micro-inches


Mechanical Properties of Torlon FW Grades

Tensile strength, Ksi 16.4 16.9 11.8

Tensile modulus, Msi 1.0 1.3 1.1

Tensile elongation, % 3.3 2.6 1.9

Flex strength, Ksi 31.2 30.2 19.0

Flex modulus, Msi 1.0 1.1 1.0

Compressive strength, Ksi 24.1 17.8 14.4

Shear strength, Ksi 16.1 11.1 Not available

Izod Impact, Notched, ft-lb/in 1.2 1.6 0.9

Izod Impact, Unnotched, ft-lb/in 8 5 3

CLTE, ppm/oC 25 25 16

Thermal conductivity, W/m-K 0.54 0.65 0.6

properties 4301 4275 4630

Graphite/PTFE Additives influence Mechanical Properties


Wear Factors for Torlon Grades in Dry Environments – 40 Hr Testing

4301 4275 4630 WF COF Torque Temp WF COF Torque Temp WF COF Torque Temp

P (psi) V

(fpm) PV (psi-

fpm) x10-10in3min/ft-

lb-hr lb-in oC x10-10in3min/ft-

lb-hr lb-in oC x10-10in3min/ft-

lb-hr lb-in oC 500 50 25000 14.0 0.31 16.0 92.7 13.0 0.31 16.2 91.9 6.0 0.32 16.9 89.6 1000 50 50000 16.5 0.27 29.1 129.0 16.0 0.27 28.8 126.4 18.0 0.29 30.9 132.3 1500 50 75000 15.0 0.24 38.1 136.7 17.3 0.24 37.8 150.8 14.2 0.20 31.9 130.2 2000 50 100000 27.5 0.19 40.6 146.6 22.4 0.18 37.8 144.3 15.3 0.13 28.5 112.0 2500 50 125000 33.2 0.15 41.2 156.6 16.8 0.14 37.0 140.1 12.2 0.11 30.0 114.2 3000 50 150000 15.2 0.12 37.9 155.4 11.2 0.10 31.2 119.9 3500 50 175000

125 200 25000 19.0 0.35 4.7 73.0 250 200 50000 15.5 0.35 9.3 108.7 17.0 0.31 8.4 104.0 15.0 0.32 8.5 103.4 375 200 75000 94.8 0.25 9.9 143.2 29.0 0.24 9.5 142.5 22.0 0.19 7.5 111.9 500 200 100000 55.3 0.18 9.8 148.7 22.2 0.17 8.8 107.8 625 200 125000 49.8 0.18 11.9 149.2 18.3 0.14 9.4 128.9 750 200 150000 277.0 0.14 11.4 183.7 18.0 0.12 9.5 118.3 875 200 175000 9.6 0.10 9.5 129.3

31.25 800 25000 17.0 0.39 1.3 89.2 17.5 0.29 1.0 80.4 13.5 0.32 1.1 89.5 62.5 800 50000 38.5 0.28 1.9 102.0 20.0 0.34 2.3 101.0 23.5 0.24 1.6 92.5 93.75 800 75000 36.3 0.21 2.1 114.3 37.3 0.21 2.1 105.6 18.7 0.22 2.2 101.7 125 800 100000 75.0 0.24 3.2 155.1 99.2 0.16 2.2 119.0 24.0 0.16 2.2 117.2

162.5 800 130000 119 0.22 3.7 179.0 75.2 0.21 3.6 166.9 34.0 0.14 2.4 124.5

Define Acceptable Level of Wear (microns??) Typically WF << 100


Axial Thrust/Needle Bearing Requirements

Drag Torque Coefficient versus Metal High temperature capability (>160C) Knit Line Strength Stack up tolerance (thickness) Chemical resistance Dimensional stability Flatness (“Wear-in”) Compression strength (thrust washers and

bushings) Noise, Vibration, Harshness reduction

(NVH) Weight reduction Cost

What are the F&W properties of Torlon at moderate load/high speed in a lubricated environment and how do we get there?


NSK – CVT Transmission from Shanghai Auto Show


Lubricated Wear

BoundaryLubrication

Mixed FilmLubrication

Fluid FilmLubrication

ZNP

Z = ViscosityN = Rotational SpeedP = Load

Start / Stop, Low / Medium RPMReciprocating Motion

High Load / Starved LubricationHigh RPM / Low Load Motion

Wea

r Rat

e

10-310-6 10-5 10-4 10-2

PassPax

PaxssPa

psirpmcP

PZN )/1(*1042.2

100089.6)/1)(60/1(*10 9

3


FALEX MULTI SPECIMEN TESTER WITH FORCED OIL RECIRCULATION FOR LUBRICATED TESTING

Large baffled chamber designed for forced oil recirculation with less foaming

Delivers fresh oil at adjustable flow rate across test surface Cools specimen by dissipating heat generated at test surface

Heater/Chiller

Gear Pump and Oil Reservoir

Multi-Specimen Tester with Large Baffled Chamber

Data Acquisition System


Oil Flow for Recirculation System and Oil Groove Design

Oil Flows into Stationary Counter Surface HolderOil Flows into ID of Steel or Counter Surface Washer

Oil Flows Out from ID to OD of Test Specimen Through the Oil GroovesCentrifugal Force Distributes Oil for LiftDesign for Cooling or Lift or Lubrication


4275 Lubricated FW @ 500K PV

Virgin Torlon 4275, 2"Disc, 26 Grooves, 300 Micron Deep x 1 mm Wide in Dexron 3 ATF at 0.20 lpm, 90°C, 1770 V, 283 P, 500 K PV

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00

Time, hrs

Tem

pera

ture

, °C

Chamber Temp, C

Spec Temp, C

wear = 3.4 microns wear = 3.7 microns9.3 microns 2.5 microns

Sample after 100 hours


4275 FW in Lubricated Environment (V vs P)

Wear After 100 Hours

182

105

45.768.9

18.9

146 225

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500

Pressure, psi

Velo

city

, ft/m

in

Wear After 100 Hours

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500

Pressure, psi

Velo

city

, ft/m

in


Commercial Thrust Bearing Applications

Torsional DMA of Various SAPL Products

1.00E+07

1.00E+08

1.00E+09

1.00E+10

30 51 71 91 111 131 151 171 191 211 231 251 271 291 311 331

Temperature (°C)

G' (

GPa

)

4301Vespel SP 21

Product Line (All) Additive Package (All)

DMA G' (GPa) vs. Temperature (C)

Temp (graph)

Products

To our actual knowledge, the information contained herein is accurate as of the date of this document. However, neither Solvay Advanced Polymers, LLC nor any of its affiliates makes any warranty, express or implied, including merchantability or fitness for use, or accepts any liability in connection with this information or its use. Only products designated as part o f the Solviva® family o f biomaterials may be considered as candidates for implantable medical devices; Solvay Advanced Polymers does not allow or support the use of any other products in any implant applications. This information is for use by technically skilled persons at their own discretion and risk and does not relate to the use of this product in combination with any other substance or any other process. This is not a license under any patent or o ther proprietary right. The use of this product resides on the determination of the customer not Solvay Advanced Polymers. The customer must determine suitability of any information or material for any contemplated use, the manner o f use and whether any patents are infringed. This information gives typical properties only and is not to be used for specification purposes. Solvay Advanced Polymers reserves the right to make additions deletions or modifications to the information at any time without prior notification

Polymer Torlon Vespel

Chemical Structure

PAI PI

Tg/HDT (C) 275 >330

Mechanicals High Moderate

Processing Injection & Extrusion Curing

Compaction Sintering

Shapes Complex via Molding

Near Net + machining

Mechanical Property Comparison Torlon vs Vespel

Property Torlon 4275 Vespel SP-21

Tensile Strength (kpsi)(D1708)

19.0 9.5

Tensile Elongation (%)(D1708)

7 4.5

Flex Strength (kpsi)(D790)

30.2 16

Compressive Strength (Kpsi)

17.8 19.3

FW (dry and lubricated, P and V)

Equivalent at PV defined (high V, modP)

Equivalent at PV defined (high V, modP)

CLTE 14 27


FRICTION AND WEAR – DEFINE REQUIREMENTS

What is the application (seal ring, thrust washer, thrust bearing, Journal bearing)?

What are the temperature requirements? What is the chemical environment? What is the counter surface Is the application lubricated or Dry? What pressure (psi) and velocity (FT/min)? Is COF important (Static or Dynamic)? How is lubrication provided and what is the viscosity? What is the incumbent material/product?

Recommended Polymer?

Solvay/ Torlon Thrust Bearing Discussion Torlon Versus Vespel · To our actual knowledge, the...

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