Solutions for improved Energy Efficiency

1 © Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

Solutions for improved Energy Efficiency

Konference Smart Life 2012

Praha, 24. ledna 2012



Capacity with less sites and TRXs

Setting the Scene

Reduce power consumption by modern HW

Site Solutions

Conclusion

Reduce power consumption by SW

Agenda



How much is 100W worth?

For example:

• 1000 BTS

• Reduce 100 W at every BTS site

• How much money* do you save?

328 € / day

9972 € / m

119 662 € / y

615 296 € / 5 y

*0.1366 €/kWh, 1,4% inflation rate, 100 W represents 7% of an average BTS power



3 reasons why energy efficiency matters

Energy efficiency = OPEX efficiency

• In mature markets, up to 10% of NW OPEX is used on energy

• In developing markets from 15% to 30% of NW OPEX is used on

energy

• Fossil fuel prices remain volatile

Lack of electricity supply

• Grid availability and/or quality is challenging

• 1.6bn people lack access to grid electricity (“off-grid”)

• An additional 1bn people have unreliable access (“bad-grid”)

Climate change • Average temperature is increasing annually

• CO2 is the second biggest green house gas after methane

• Ethical purchasing among consumers becoming mainstream



CSPs‟ announce environmental targets

Source: GeSI report SMART2020

Reduce intensity of GHG emissions by 15%, by 2012

By 2020, reduce worldwide CO2 emissions per unit of BT’s contribution to GDP by 80% from 1996 levels

Reduce CO2 emissions for Deutsche Telekom Group by 20% below 2006 levels by 2020

Reduce CO2 emissions for FT Group by 20% below 2006 levels by 2020

30% increase (vs 2007) of the eco-efficiency indicator for 2008: the objective for 2008 is 1,130 Bit/Joule (the value for 2007 is 873 B/J)

Reduce absolute CO2 emissions by 50% against the 2006/07 footprint baseline, by 2020



CSPs‟ energy is used mostly in the network

Mast sites 65%

Switch sites 21%

Maintenance vehicles 1%

Retail 1%

Corporate sites 12%

~ 86% of a CSP‟s energy is used by the Network

Source: ABI Research

Communications Service Providers (CSP)

Offices, facilities, etc. 12%



How to decrease Radio Network energy consumption? Consider whole site solution, and network level!

Capacity with less sites & TRXs

• Doubled voice capacity with software instead of additional TRX

OSC, AMR* and DFCA: 50% fewer sites 20-50% less energy

* incl AMR enhancement features

Modern HW

• Lowest power consumption BTS

• Modern BSC & RNC

• High efficiency outdooir rectifiers

Energy Efficiency SW Solutions

• Discontinuous transmission: stopping transmission during speech pauses

• GSM/EDGE:

• Switch down TRX

• Smart Energy Control Solution

Site solutions

• Outdoor BTS

• 6-sector site

• RF close to antenna –

no feeder losses

• No air-conditioning, or use

higher operating temperature

• Use renewable energy

Consulting & Managed Services



Case example: Western European GSM network

What does saving 51 GWh energy mean? • 26 000 tons less CO2 emissions

• 5000 households yearly energy consumption

• If produced with coal, 6 000 tons coal saved

Current Network • 10000 BTS sites, 5 year

old equipment

• 70/30 split indoor/outdoor sites

• 4+4+4 and 2+2+2

Energy consumption

• Energy consumption 171 GWh/year

• Cost 20.5 M€/year

Objective • Reduce energy

consumption

• With existing sites and hardware

Methods used

• Decrease cooling in indoor sites – high efficiency outdoor rectifiers

• DTX and night time power saving features

Result

• 51 GWh energy saving per year (-30%)

• 6.1 m€ / year decrease in electricity bill




Setting the Scene


Site Solutions

Conclusion


Agenda



Less bits over air – less used energy

AMR Half Rate (AMR HR)

• Can reduce the amount of bits in voice call to half

• Very powerful way to reduce energy consumption at big sites

• Having same traffic with less TRX HW

• Having less active TS at non BCCH TRX

AMR Full Rate (AMR FR)

• Lower BTS output power can be used because RX quality limits are lower for AMR FR than for GSM codecs

Enhanced TRX Prioritization in TCH Allocation

• Traffic without AMR support are allocated to BCCH TRX

• Traffic with AMR support are allocated to non BCCH TRX

• Decreases energy consumption as AMR traffic requires less output power than regular GSM traffic

AMR

HR

OSC*

AMR

FR GSM Codecs

Lower BTS output power

*Orthogonal Sub-Channel


NSN unique OSC-HR solution - Introduction

•AMR HR •OSC-HR

•2 users per TSL •4 users per TSL

•OSC0

•Half Rate voice codec •Dual Half Rate voice codes

• OSC-HR introduces the concept of Dual Half Rate

• Dual Half Rate allows multiplexing of four AMR-HR users to one Timeslot

• QPSK in DL formed from Orthogonal Subchannels pairs(OSC0, OSC1)

• Every SAIC (DARP Phase 1) GSM handset supports OSC-HR

• Double AMR-HR capacity with AMR-HR like quality

•De/Multiplexing

•OSC1

•Double capacity

•AMR-HR like MOS quality

•Note: support of Flexi Multiradio BTS and Ultrasite BTS in RG20 EP1

MOS vs RX Level

DTX off (=worst case for OSC), sub-urban , 1800MHz

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4

4.2

-110 -105 -100 -95 -90 -85 -80 -75 -70

RX Level [dBm]

MO

S

AMR FR

AMR HR

OSC DFR

Poly. (OSC DFR)

Poly. (AMR HR)

Poly. (AMR FR)


OSC FR provides sufficient capacity post spectrum re-farming

Without features, from 2013 onwards, BTS in High-Load areas run out of capacity. Additional 161 capacity sites need to be built by 2016 to meet traffic demands.

With features, no additional BTS are needed up to 2016.

•AMR FR + OSC FR


Activating OSC FR only to ensure 100% FR quality

Assuming AMR and OSC FR licenses are purchased but only OSC FR is activated, no HR-quality traffic.

Breakeven in 34 months

OSC FR brings € 4.55 mio savings in TCO over 5 years.




Setting the Scene


Site Solutions

Conclusion


Agenda



GSM EDGE Energy Efficiency SW Solutions

Fundamentals to optimize the power consumption

• PA Shutdown

• Radio Channel Allocation

• Power Control

• Discontinuous Transmission (DTX)

• Common BCCH

• Single Antenna Interference Cancellation (SAIC)

• AMR FR / HR

Further enhancements for energy savings

• Energy Saving Mode for BCCH

• TRX Automatic Power Down

• Energy Optimized TCH allocation

• MCPA TX Power pooling

• Low Traffic Controlled Disconnect

• OSC

• Adjustable Intelligent Shutdown


BCCH Energy Saving Mode

• Use lower power levels at BCCH TRX

– Power level for idle SDCCH and idle TCH channels on TS0–6 decreased by 2dB

– Typical saving 50W per BTS site

•Save energy by sending dummy burst at lower power level

•RG

•Time (00:00 – 24:00)

•No energy Saving

•BCCH energy saving

•Low Traffic

•Daytime Traffic

•B

CC

H

•TR

X 2

•TR

X 3

•TR

X 4

•BC

CH

•TR

X 2

•TR

X 3

•TR

X 4

No energy saving BCCH energy saving

Saves energy during low traffic

– For 4+4+4 GSM BTS the saving is about 7%

•En

erg

y c

on

su

mp

tio

n [

W]

•Tra

ffic

[E

rlan

gs o

r M

bp

s]

•Feature ID(s): BSS20958


Activation of Energy Saving Mode for BCCH brings great savings

Energy Saving Mode for BCCH brings the following benefits:

€ 501 K energy cost savings over 5 years

Total Net Value € 260 K over 5 years

Break even in 20 month

647 MWh - 5% of energy savings per year

Green image




Setting the Scene


Site Solutions

Conclusion


Agenda



Multiradio BTS consumes 70% less power Minimized impact on power system

• Flexi Multiradio BTS consumes up to 70% less power than traditional BTS design

• No need for additional cooling

• Much smaller impact on existing site power system

• Opportunity to downsize power systems in replacement cases

• Possible power system equipment re-use in new sites

• Lower maintenance cost due to leaner power system

2005

1470W

1500W

2008

800 W 790 W

2010

Measurement conditions:

WCDMA 1+1+1@20W WCDMA BTS HW with 50% load

and 4+4+4GSM (2% blocking, DTX and DPC active)

1470W

455 W

>70%

traditional

BTS

design

Power consumption of a complete GSM & WCDMA BTS site

WCDMA GSM Multiradio



Standalone BSC energy efficiency development • Flexi BSC offers increased energy efficiency

• BSC capacity continues to increase while energy consumption decreases

• Leading to decreasing energy consumption per TRX

BSC energy efficiency development

0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Energ

y consum

ption p

er

TR

X [W

]

BSC3i 660 BSC3i 2000 Flexi BSC

RG20

BSC2i

2.1 1.9

1.7

0.8

Flexi BSC

RG10

0.9

mcBSC

RG30

- 30% in average configuration




Setting the Scene


Site Solutions

Conclusion


Agenda



Antenna output

RF feeder loss

BTS equipment loss

BTS RF output

DC power for BTS

AC/DC conversion

loss

AC power for BTS

AC power for

aircon

Total site AC power

0

0

Mast top fully-outdoor Housed site with aircondition

Power consumption in Watt

Flexi BTS in Mast top or Main-Remote installation Lowest power consumption with best radio performance

Flexi BTS 1/1/1

•60

•60

•400

•440

•440

340

40

•788

•588

•535

•120

•60

415

53

200

60

Savings

348 W / 44%



Nokia Siemens Networks Off-Grid Site Solution

• Reduces generator runtime

up to 1/10th (solar hybrid)

• Saves up to 20K liters/year

on a typical off grid site

• Provides connectivity to

rural/remote areas

CSPs‟ opportunities:

• Cover new potential markets in

rural and remote areas

Battery Generator

Green

Energy

Control

Solar Panel Wind turbine

Renewable energy sources and green energy control

to manage the site


Nokia Siemens Networks Bad-Grid Site Solution

• Reduce back-up generator use by 90%

• Depending on grid availability, eliminate generator

• Virtually no maintenance

Standby Battery 4hrs

Rectifier

Generator

ATS

BTS / Load

Cycling Battery 12hrs

Rectifier Generator

Bad Grid

Module

BTS / Load

Green Energy Control

Fuel saving with smart Bad Grid Module

AC Mains

Battery Voltage

Genset runtime

No Generator runtime required

Legacy Modern



Nokia Siemens Networks cares about Energy Efficiency

Energy efficiency matters • In mature markets, up to 10% of NW OPEX is used on

energy

• 86 % of CSP power consumption used in the network

Nokia Siemens Networks delivers optimal solution

• Modern highly efficient HW

• Energy efficiency SW solutions

• Capacity with less sites & TRX

• Site Solution & use of renewable energy

We are capable to quantify customer„s benefits

• Business modelling helps CSP to make the opportunity

assessment

• With business modelling CSP understands financial

benefits of technical solution



Thank you.

Solutions for improved Energy Efficiency

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