Solid waste management
-
Upload
arsha-thomas -
Category
Environment
-
view
141 -
download
0
Transcript of Solid waste management
![Page 1: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
REFERENCE Environmental studiesfor undergraduate courses Unknown author Wikipedia
![Page 3: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
waste tires septage scrap metal latex paints furniture and toys garbage appliances and vehicles oil and anti-freeze empty aerosol cans
EXAMPLES
![Page 7: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
septagegarbage
vehicles
Scrap metals
appliances
Waste tires
![Page 8: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
IMPACTS OF WASTE IF NOT MANAGED WISELYo Affects our healtho Affects our socio-economic
conditionso Affects our coastal and marine
environmento Affects our climateo Rise in global temperatureso Leads to water pollution and air
pollution
![Page 9: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
CLASSIFIED IN TO
•HAZARDOUS SOLID WASTE•NON –HAZARDOUS SOLID WASTE / MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE (MSW)
![Page 10: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
HAZARDOUS WASTESWaste produced by chemical manufacturingcompanies, petroleum refineries, paper mills, smelters and other industries.They cause harm to human and environment.
Characteristics• Toxicity• Reactivity• Ignitability• Corrosivity
![Page 11: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Toxic WasteSubstances that are poisonous even for atrace amount. They can be carcinogenic or mutagenic.Examples: pesticides, heavy metals.
Reactive wasteThose have a tendency to react vigorously with air or water are unstable to shock or heat, Generate toxic gases or explode during routine management.Examples: nitroglycerine,Gun powder
![Page 12: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
INFECTIOUS WASTES
Includes human tissue from surgery, used Bandages and hypodermic needles.
RADIOACTIVE WASTES
It is basically the output from nuclear power plants and can persist in the environment .
![Page 13: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
IGNITABLE WASTES Those burn at relatively low temperature(<60°C) and are capable of spontaneous combustion during Storage ,transport or disposal.Examples: Gasoline, alcohol
CORROSIVE WASTES
Those destroy materials and living tissuesBy chemical reactions.Examples: acids and bases
![Page 14: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
NON –HAZARDOUS SOLID WASTEMunicipal solid wastes are the solid wastesfrom a city ,Town or village that requires routine collection and transport to a processing or disposal sites.SOURCES• Private homes• Commercial establishments• Industrial facilities
![Page 15: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
WASTE MANAGEMENT INCLUDES
• REDUCTION• REUSE• RECYCLING• DISPOSAL
![Page 16: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
REDUCTIONWaste Reduction refers to reducing the amount of waste produced. An example of waste reduction is to use china and silverware instead of disposal paper plates and plastic flatware.
![Page 17: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
ADVANTAGESo Cleaner environmento Save electricity, money, watero Fresher airo More landfill space and less
money spent on landfill
DISADVANTAGESoLess convenientoIt can cost more
![Page 18: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
REUSEReusing is using a product or item in its original form more than once. e.g: reusing a mug instead of using a disposable cup.
![Page 20: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
ADVANTAGESoReduces the number that need to be manufactured
oReduced disposal needs and costs.oSome older items were better handcrafted and appreciate in value
disadvantageso Requires cleaning or transport,
which have environmental costs
![Page 21: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
RECYCLING
Recycling is nothing but process of using old or waste products into new products.This morning's newspaper can be recycled for another morning's news or other paper products.
![Page 23: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
ADVANTAGESo Protects environment.o Reduces energy consumption.o Reduces pollution.o Reduces Global warming.
DISADVANTAGESo Not always cost effective.o Recycled products may not
last for long.o High initial cost.
![Page 24: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
DISPOSALDisposal of MSW is done commonly through
• SANITARY LANDFILL
• INCINERATION
![Page 26: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
SANITARY LANDFILL• Most traditional method of waste disposal.
• Waste is directly dumped into disused quarries, mining voids or borrow pits.
• Disposed waste is compacted and covered with soil.
• Gases generated by the decomposing waste materials are often burned to generate power.
• It is generally used for domestic waste.
![Page 27: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
PROBLEMS • Ground water pollution
• Production of methane gas which is toxic and highly explosive
• It can cause infectious diseases
• Difficult to find landfilling sites
• Air pollution
• Sites might not be able to be reused
![Page 29: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
INCINERATIONWaste treatment process that involves theCombustion of solid waste at 1000°C.
Waste materials are converted into bottom ash, flue gas,And heat.
The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic constituentsof the waste and gases due to organic waste.
The heat generated by incineration is used toGenerate electric power.
![Page 30: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
ADVANTAGES• Minimum of land is needed compared to other disposal method.
• The weight of the waste is reduced to 25%.
• No risk of pollution to local streams and ground water as in landfills.
• Can be located close to residential areas.
• Gases are used to generate power.
![Page 32: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
DISADVANTAGES• Expensive
• Require skilled labour
• The chemicals that would be released into the air could be strong pollutants and may destroy Ozone layer.
• High energy requirement
![Page 33: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Solid waste management](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070521/58f9aee0760da3da068ba717/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)