SOLAR SEMICONDUCTOR REFRIGERATOR

GUIDED BY :

SAFDAR FASAL.T.K.Asst. ProfessorDept. of EEE

GROUP MEMBER :

SEBIN.K.B.(NLAMEEE006)

OUR TEAM OBJECTIVE

• Focused on designing and fabricates a mini DC

Portable Refrigerator which is powered by battery

which can be useful application in outdoor activities

such as,

Medical purpose

Picnics

Sports

Vehicles

Refrigeration is a process in which work is done to move heat from one location to another.

What is refrigeration ?

SOLAR REFRIGERATION:

• Refrigerator which runs on electricity provided

by Solar Energy is known as solar refrigeration.

• Solar energy is the most dependable source for renewable

energy, as it is readily available.

• Solar-powered refrigerators may be most commonly

used in the future generation.

PWM generator

DC-DC Buck converter

Microcontroller

Battery Peltier semiconductor

Solar PV cell

BLOCK DIAGRAM

•A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electrical device that converts the

energy of light directly into electricity.

• We use an PV cell which is connected to the buck converter and the

microcontroller.

• The working principle of solar cell is based on solar photovoltaic effect.

• When the solar rays shine solar cell, it produces a photocurrent from the

N zone to the P zone.

1. SOLAR PV CELL

• The photovoltaic effect is the creation of voltage or electric current in a

material upon exposure to light and is a Physical and chemical phenomenon.

•When the sunlight is incident upon a material surface, The electrons present

in the valance band absorb energy and, Being excited, jump to the conduction

band and become free

•When these free electrons are captured, an electric current results that can be

used as electricity

Principle of Solar Cell

Figure of Solar PV Cell

2. MICRO CONTROLLER

• The controller we use is PIC16F877A.

• The PIC16F877A features 256 bytes of EEPROM data memory.

• As the voltage changes, the control loop senses the difference and the duty

cycle is varied by the microcontroller hence achieving maximum power point

• Pulse width modulation (PWM) is a powerful technique for controlling

analog circuits with a processor's digital outputs. 

• PWM is employed in a wide variety of applications, ranging from

measurement and communications to power control and conversion.

3.PWM GENERATOR

4. DC-DC BUCK CONVERTER• The DC/DC converters are widely used in photovoltaic generating systems.

• It interface between the photovoltaic panel and the load.

5. BATTERY

• Battery used is Lead acid battery to store the power extracted from solar cell.

• And to supply the power to peltier and microcontroller.

6.PELTIER MODULE

PELTIER EFFECT

Thermoelectric cooling is worked on the principle of peltier

effect.

The Peltier effect is a temperature difference created by

applying a voltage between two electrodes connected to a

sample of semiconductor material.

This phenomenon can be useful when it is necessary to

transfer heat from one medium to another .

SEMICONDUCTOR PELTIERApplication of electric field will leads to movement of electrons(in N-type) and holes(in P-type) in the semiconductor.For this movement it requires additional energy. This energy is absorbed from the surroundings.This is an Endothermic Process.

APPLICATIONS

Microprocessor coolingLaser diode temperature stabilizationTemperature regulated flight suits Air conditioning in submarinesPortable DC refrigeratorsAutomotive seat cooling/heating

PROS AND CONS OF THE PROJECT

Pros Compared to other refrigeration technology it is pollution-

free no noise. relatively simple structure. Portable device

Cons

• Initial cost is high.

TENTATIVE SCHEDULE OF PROJECT

Software simulation : December 2015 – 4th week

Hardware Completion : January 2016 – 1st week

[1] Jinfa Qian, Yaping wang and Huixiang Qian, “Analysis of PV industry development,” Electrical, pp: 1-4, January 2009. [2] RuiDuan, “The characteristics and the status quo on solar semiconductor refrigeration technology,” Journal of Shanghai Electric University, Vol. 25, no.1, pp. 75-78, February 2009. [3] W Stephen Woodward, North Carolina Chapel Hill, “Seebeck voltage by sampling to achieve temperature precision control,” EDN China, pp. 70, February 2009. [4] Hui Zhang, Meihong Wang, Hong Wu and Jianxin Li. “Discussion about Solar Semiconductor Refrigeration System,” Energy Research and Utilization, pp. 26-28, May 2008. [5] Feng Gao, “Decrypt the latest solar power generation,” Invention and Innovation, pp. 53, January 2009.

REFERENCE