Solar Geysers – a CDM perspective

TATA BP Solar case study

The Facts It is estimated that nearly 5 Lakh homes

in Bangalore city alone consume 3 million units of power every day

between 6 AM & 9AM for water heating alone.

32.8 Million MW of solar energy strikes Indian landscape every second

Solar Water Heaters

Solar Water Heaters

Solar Water Heaters

Schematic – Two tank system

The panel

Performance of SWH Weather and Seasonal Changes in

the Sun Path Collector Orientation for optimal

performance – year round Maintenance (Scaling,

Transparency etc.)

Solar- Path

Sectors Industrial Hospitals Domestic Sector Hotels Hostels

SWH Global Scenario China 4,000,000 India 2,000,000 Japan 1,000,000 Europe 890,000 South Korea 500,000 Turkey 430,000 Israel 400,000 USA 25,000

In square meters of collectors installed

Indian Scenario

Potential Solar Water heaters

140

0.550

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Potential Installed Mil

lio

n s

qu

are

me

ters

of

co

lle

cto

r a

rea

GHG emission reduction An effective DSM tool

1000 Domestic water heaters shaves about 1 MW of peak load

Most of peak power is fossil fuel based Replaces electrical counterpart (at least

partially)

TATA BP Solar India Limited

A case study

The Company Leading solar equipment

manufacturer in India Sales turnover 1900 Million during

2001

Sales Record

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

Year

Nu

mb

er

of

un

its

100 LPD 200 LPD 300 LPD

Solar Geysers In different sizes 100 – 10,000 LPD Applications

Bathing Medicinal bathing Boiler feed Process heating Pool heating , washing , cooking

CDM- Assumptions Solar geysers will replace electrical

counterparts Current market growth will sustain for 3

years and later at 10% annum Major policy changes NOT expected

(espl. In –ve direction) Reduced selling price on geyser will

enhance the market adoption rate KP Ratification & Enforcement

Additionality Investment Barrier YES Technology Barrier not

obvious Prevailing practice YES Market adoption rate YES

Baseline methodology I.C 12b SSC-PDD Different Baseline & M&V for domestic

and Commercial & Industrial systems Domestic Systems

To be bundled to reduce m&V costs Weighed average emission of the peak

load generation mix (meth to be recommended)

Baseline methodology contd.. Industrial Systems

Displaces Diesel generated electricity than grid electricity – generation mix at the grid level is unfair

Commercial Systems Bundling is necessary Current generation mix of the grid

Monitoring & Verification Recording annually No. of systems

Operating Estimating the annual hrs. of

operation

Unresolved Uncertainties of base line

Change in usage pattern of hot water Climatic condition (monsoon, depression etc) Solar intensity on ground (reduced 10% in

last few decade) Asian brown haze ?

Maintenance = Performance Can be substantiated by buffer

calculations (meth recommendation ?) Annual targets are difficult to meet