Soil Stabilization using Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash · Soil Stabilization using Fly Ash and Rice...
Transcript of Soil Stabilization using Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash · Soil Stabilization using Fly Ash and Rice...
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3328
Soil Stabilization using Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash
MR.A.VIJAY1, R.MAHALINGAM2, A.KAVIYAN3
Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Panimalar
Engineering College, Poonamalle, Chennai-123
Under graduate student, civil engineering department, Panimalar
Engineering College, Poonamalle, Chennai-123
ABSTRACT: Soil is a complex material. Recycled and waste materials like fly ash, bagasse ash, rice husk ash can be used to soil stabilization to improve physical and chemical properties of soil. In addition to that properties which can improved by soil stabilization are CBR, shear strength of soil, UCS and bearing capacity etc. The objective of this study to check the amount of fly ash at which sample of soil and fly ash gives optimum values of CBR and UCS and after that rice husk ash is added in different proportions in the sample of soil and optimum quantity of fly ash to achieve the optimum value of CBR.
I. INTRODUCTION
Due to rapid growth in highway construction there is need of good earth. Soil cannot be replaced with good soil everywhere as it is very costly and increase the project cost. This problem can be overcome with improvement in properties of soil which is to be used for infrastructure project. Many investigations had been carried out to use waste materials to improve the soil properties and to utilize the waste materials in view of better environment.
Objective of this study is to improve the properties of locally available clayey soil.For this research, soil sample was taken from Mohali district. Stabilization is done by adding different percentages of fly ash and rice husk ashes. Stabilization is done for following purposes-
1. To evaluate the CBR by using optimum content of fly ash 2. To evaluate the UCS by using optimum content of fly ash 3. To evaluate the CBR by using optimum content of rice husk ash
II. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY
Fly ash is residual material remained after combustion of coal in thermal power plant. Fly ash contains fine particles of silicon dioxide (Sio2), aluminum oxide, iron oxide and calcium oxide. Fly ash has been used in many civil engineering projects successfully. Fly ash provides stability to sub grade, reduce earth pressure and also improves stability of slopes. Usually fly ash is mixed with clayey soils to improve properties as these soils cannot be used directly for construction due to their unfavorable properties.RHA is a carbon neutral green product. Lots of ways are being thought of for disposing them by making commercial use of this RHA. RHA is a good super- pozzolan.
1. Natural soil. 2. 92 % Soil + 8% Fly ash 3. 86 % Soil + 14% Fly ash 4. 82 % Soil + 18% Fly ash 5. 76 % Soil + 24 % Fly
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3329
2.1 INDEX PROPERTIES OF SOIL Plasticity Index
Plasticity index of soil was 5 % which is numerical difference between liquid limit and plastic limit.
Type of soil The type of soil was checked from plasticity chart. It was seen that soil which is taken for this study is
intermediate plasticity. As per IS 1498 soil is classified as CI.
Engineering properties are indicated by index properties of in table 2.1.
Table2.1 GeotechnicalPropertiesofsoil
SR.NO PROPERTIES VALUE CONFIRMINGTOIS CODE
1. Specificgravity(G) 2.60 IS 2720 : Part 3 : Sec 1 :1980
2. Maximum drydensity(MDD) 2.124 gm/cc IS 2720 : Part VII: 1980
3. Optimum moisture content(OMC)
8.4 % IS 2720 : Part VII: 1980
4. Naturalmoisture content 8.6 % IS 2720 : Part 2 : 1973
5. Liquid limit 24 IS 2720 : Part 5 : 1985
6. Plastic limit 19 IS 2720 :Part 5 : 1985
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Maximum dry density (MDD) and Optimum moisture content (OMC) of soil at different fly ash contents given in table 3.1
Ash content (%)
0 8 14 18 24
OMC (%) 8.5 9.3 9.7 10.7 11.0
MDD (gm/cc) 2.124 2.012 1.990 1.920 1.900
VARIATION OF OMC WITH VARIOUS %AGE OF FLY ASH
11
10
9
8
7
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 FLY ASH (%)
OM
C (
%)
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3330
FIG . 3.1 OMC AND MDD AT VARIOUS PERCENTAGES OF FLY ASH
3.1 CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO OF VIRGIN SOIL (CBR TEST)
Figure 3.2 CBR of virgin Soil
VARIATION OF MDD WITH VARIOUS %AGE OF FLY ASH
2.5
2.4
2.3
2.2
2.1
2
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Ash content (%)
CBR OF VIRGIN SOIL
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 2 4 6 8
PE TRATION I M
NE N M 10 12 14
MD
D(g
m/c
c)
LOA
D O
N P
ISTO
N IN
KG
/CM
2
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3331
Figure 3.3 CBR of soil sample with 8% fly ash Figure 3.4 CBR graph at 14 % fly ash
Figure 3.5 CBR graph at 18 % fly ash Figure 3.6 CBR graph at 24 % fly ash
CBR OF SOIL SAMPLE + 8 % FLY ASH
CBR OF SOIL SAMPLE + 14 % FLY ASH 9 8
8 7
7 6
6 5
5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
0 0
0 5 10 15
PENETRATION IN MM
0 5 10
PENETRATION IN MM
15
9 CBR OF SOIL SAMPLE + 18 % FLY ASH CBR OF SOIL SAMPLE + 24 % FLY ASH
9
8 8
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
0 0 0 5 10 15
PENETRATION IN MM 0 5 10 15
PENETRATION IN MM
LOA
D O
N P
ISTO
N IN
KG
/CM
2
LOA
D O
N P
ISTO
N IN
KG
/CM
2
LOA
D O
N P
ISTO
N IN
KG
/CM
2
LOA
D O
N P
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N IN
KG
/CM
2
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3332
Table 3.2: Summary of CBR test with various percentages of fly ash
Sample No
Composition
Soaked CBR (%)
At 2.5 mm penetration
At 5 mm penetration
CBR
1 Soil 3.94 3.86 3.94
2 Soil with 8% fly ash 6.9 6.7 6.9
3 Soil with 14 % fly ash
6.8 6.3 6.8
4 Soil with 18 % fly ash
6.6 6.2 6.6
5 Soil with 24 % fly ash
6.4 6.3 6.4
Figure 3.8 Variation of CBR with different %age of fly ashFigure 3.9 unconfined compressive strength at
different percentages of fly ash
Variation of CBR with different %age of fly ash Variation of UCS of uncured specimens at different %age of fly
ash
6.9 7 6.8
6.6 600 6.4
6 480
500 456
5 390
400 3.94
345
4 300
215 238
3 200
2 100
1
0 0
0 8 14 18 24 26 0 8 14 18
Various %age of PSA 24 Ash content (%)
CB
R v
alu
e in
%ag
e
UC
S (k
N/m
2 )
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© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3333
Fig 3.10 Variation of strain with different percentages of ash content
Figure 3.11 CBR graph at 8% fly ash and 4% RHA Figure 3.12 CBR graph at 8% fly ash and 8 % RHA
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
0 5 10 15 20
0 % fly ash 8% fly ash 14S%trflay ainsh(%) 18 % fly ash 24 % fly ash
CBR OF SOIL SAMPLE WITH 8 % FLY ASH + 4 % RHA CBR OF SOIL SAMPLE WITH 8 % FLY ASH + 8 % RHA
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 5 10 15 0
PENETRATION IN MM
5
PENETRATION IN MM
10 15
LOA
D O
N P
ISTO
N IN
KG
/CM
2
UC
S (k
N/m
22
)
LOA
D O
N P
ISTO
N IN
KG
/CM
2
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3334
Figure 3.13 CBR graph at 8% fly ash and 12% RHAFigure 3.14 CBR graph at 8% fly ash and 16% RHA
Figure 3.15 CBR graph at 8% fly ash and 20 % RHAFigure 3.15 CBR Summary of soil with 8% fly ash
and different %age of RHA
CBR OF SOIL SAMPLE WITH 8 % FLY ASH + 12 % RHA CBR OF SOIL SAMPLE WITH 8 % FLY ASH + 16 % RHA
12 12
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
0 0
0 5 PENETRATION IN MM
10 15 0 PENETRATION IN MM 5 10 15
CBR OF SOIL SAMPLE WITH 8 % FLY ASH + 20 % RHA Variation of CBR with 8 % Fly ash and different %age of RHA
10 8.9
9 9 8.7 8.5
8 8 7.8
6.9 7.2
7
6
5
4
3
2
7
1
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 0
0 5 10 15 4 8 Various %age of RHA
12 16 PENETRATION IN MM 20
LOA
D O
N P
ISTO
N IN
KG
/CM
2
LOA
D O
N P
ISTO
N IN
KG
/CM
2
LOA
D O
N P
ISTO
N IN
KG
/CM
2
CB
R v
alu
e in
%ag
e
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3317
IV. CONCLUSIONS
The experimental work done on soil stabilization with fly ash and rice husk ash can be concluded as follows -
Soil with varying percentage of fly ash gives maximum CBR value at 8% fly ash. It increases from 3.94 % to 6.8 %. With further addition of fly ash, it keeps decreasing. Unconfined compressive strength of soil with 8% fly ash increased as compared to virgin soil from 2.154 kg/cm2 to 2.38 kg/cm2. It was maximum as 4.80kg/cm2 when 24 % Paper mill sludge ash was added. After there was decrement in UCS when 26 % paper mill sludge ash was added. The soil with 8 % fly ash was further blended with variable percentage of rice husk ash (4%,8%, 12%,16%&20%). The major improvement in CBR occurred at 8% fly ash mixed with 12% rice husk ash and thereafter, further addition of rice husk ash is causing gradual change in CBR values. The peak soaked CBR value is 8.9 %.
REFERENCES
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[2] Athanasopoulou, A. (2014). Addition of lime and fly ash to improve highway subgrade soils. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 26(4), 773-775.
[3] Bose B(2012)” Geo engineering properties of expansive soil stabilized with fly ash”, Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 17, Bund. J, 2012, pp. 1339-1353.
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