HyderabadHyderabad Hyderabad is the capital of the state of Andhra Pradesh and is one of the fastest growing economic states in India. The city is situated at an elevation of 544 meters. The average temperature during the months of summer is anywhere around 40 'C and in the months of winters the average temperature is about 16 'C. Best time to visit the state of Hyderabad is during the months of September to March.

Climate: Tropical wet and dry

Summers:Average Maximum Temperature: 40 deg CAverage Minimum Temperature: 25 deg C

Winters:Average Maximum Temperature: 28 deg CAverage Minimum Temperature: 13 deg C

Annual Rainfall: 79 cm (approximately)

It remains fairly warm most of the year. Receive less rainfall in the monsoon. Temperatures come down in the months of December

and January and the nights become quite cool in and around the Hyderabad city.

During the summer months, the mercury goes as high as 42° C while in winters the minimum temperature may come down to as low as 12° C.

ClimateClimate

Rainfall More than 75 per cent of the rainfall is received during the south-west monsoon season, i.e., from June to September, July being the month when it rains. September is the month, when there are rains. The south-west monsoon sets in by the 7th of June. Its advent is sudden and the rainfall increases from less than 5 per cent (of the annual) in May to 15 per cent in June.Excessive Rainfall In the case of Hyderabad, out of 6 years of excessive rain, as many as four years (1903, 1915, 1916 and 1933) were with rainfall of more than 150 per cent. Generally speaking, 1903 was a year of more than 150 per cent of rainfall.Cloudiness June to October is the period when more than half of the sky is covered with clouds, while only about 2/8 of the sky is clouded from January to March. Half of the days in July and August have overcast skies. About 10 to 13 days in the months of January, February and March, the skies are free from clouds in clear weather.

June to November are the months of monsoons and temperature goes down at times. Thus, for most parts of the year the weather and climate of Hyderabad remains fairly moderate.

TemperatureTemperature

RelativeRelative Humidity Humidity

Humidity in the morning is very high exceeding 80 per cent from July to September. In the dry months of March, April and May, humidity is generally low with an average of 25 to 30 per cent and decreases to 20 per cent at individual stations.

During the summer months, the mercury goes as high as 42° C while in winters the minimum temperature may come down to as low as 12° C.

Green ArchitectureGreen Architecture

Economical Energy-saving Environmentally-friendly Sustainable development. Sohrabji Godrej Green

Business Centre in Hyderabad. It’s a commercial building which consists of office buildings, research labs and conference rooms

Water EfficiencySustainable SiteEnergy EfficiencyMaterials & ResourcesIndoor Environmental Quality

Wind Towers

Solar PV

Water Body

Roof garden

GREEN BUSINESS CENTERGREEN BUSINESS CENTER

Formation of positive and negative pressure zones when wind flows around rectangular and circular bodies.

The pressure coefficient cp can be used with the wind velocity to calculate positive and negative pressure loads.

Green Building TourGreen Building Tour

Central courtyard.

Roof garden - Protects heat penetration, cuts

down heat-island effect

High performance glazing to bring in natural

light while minimizing heat ingress.

Usage of light glazing and vision glazing.

Jali (Perforated) wall for bringing in natural light as well as ventilation .

Energy saving system.

CourtyardsCourtyards

The courtyards act as "light wells," illuminating adjacent work areas. When this light is not sufficient, sensors trigger the deployment of efficient electric lights. Dimmers automatically control the illumination levels, turning the lights off when they're unnecessary. Also, occupancy sensors prevent a light from being switched on at an unoccupied workstation.

InternalLighting: Difficult in the lower storey.Ventilation: Difficult conduction of supply air.In summer: Danger of over heating in the upper storey.Particular characteristics: Access zone.

Open to one sideLighting: Good.Ventilation: Good.In summer: Effective shading required.Particular characteristics: Sound insulation.

In this set of courtyards the wind enters in one direction. The other courtyard may be hot because of the temperature as a result the cool air replaces it. The hot air being lighter than cold air rises up making the place cooler and above the terrace gardens keep the temperature down forcing the hot air to rise upfurther.

Roof GardenRoof Garden

Absorbing heat and radiating it into the building. This is minimized through the roof gardens covering 55% of the roof area.

Rain water harvesting.

Seepage into the ground have been installed inpedestrian areas and parking.

Heat absorbed

Rain water absorbed used for different purposes

Rain water

Water filter

Slope given for the water flow

Outlet for water collection

Natural LightingNatural Lighting

Natural light deflection systemscan direct light deep into the room and ensure better natural lighting provisions.

This material will most significantly reduce penetration of radiation from the reflecting side to the non-reflecting side (penetration of 11-37% of total striking radiation).

Such glazing is used in this building where it is desir able to maintain eye contact with the outside as well as to prevent penetration of radiation and in areas where it is hot most days of the year.

Reflective glass (mirror) Reflective glass (mirror)

Usage of Light Glazing and Vision GlazingUsage of Light Glazing and Vision Glazing

The double glazed glass will just allow the diffused sunlight to pass through and will radiate the solar radiation back. It is located in the western direction because the suns rays is highly radiant when it is setting.

This consists of two sheets of glass with space in between, sometimes filled with air or other gases, or vacuum.

Variations in thickness have a certain effect, up to a certain limit, on the percentage of radiation allowed to penetrate and on thermal conductance of the composition.

The main advantage of this type of cross-section is its ability to reduce heat transfer from one pane to the other, both by conduction and by radiation.

Double glazed glassDouble glazed glass

Use of Traditional JaliUse of Traditional Jali

Jalis or Lattice walls are used to prevent glare and heat gain while ensuring adequate day lighting and views. The jali, used in many historic buildings such as the Taj Mahal, gives definition and an aesthetic appeal to a space.

Jali [Perforated] for bringing Jali [Perforated] for bringing in Natural Light and also in Natural Light and also

VentilationVentilation

Function of Jali in the rains.Function of Jali in the rains.

Section through the jali

Rain water seeps in the openings.

Water utilized for the plants inside.

Harvesting of solar energy - 20% of the buildingsenergy requirement is catered to by solarphotovoltaicThe Solar PV has an installed capacity of 23.5 KWAverage generation is 100-125 units per day

Solar systemSolar system

Solar Photovoltaic

The solar panels are placed on the eastern side and they are sloping which helps production of energy throughout the day and as it is a commercial building more amount of energy is consumed during the working hours [day] compared to the evenings.

sunrays

Solar panel

Wind SystemWind System

Wind tower with evaporative cooling

A combination of sensible cooling in the ground and evaporative cooling with the flow of air induced by the wind tower can be achieved by a configuration as shown. The heat loss from air results in a decreased air temperature, but no change in the water vapour content of the air.

The hot ambient air enters the tower through the openings in the tower and is cooled, when it comes in contact with the cool tower and thus becomes heavier and sinks down. When an inlet is provided to the rooms with an outlet on the other side, there is a draft of cool air. After a whole of heat exchange, the wind towers become warm in the evening.

Daytime and night time operation of a Wind TowerDaytime and night time operation of a Wind Tower

During night the reverse happens; due to warm surface of wind tower and drop in temperature of ambient air due to buoyancy effect, warm air rises upwards. As a result, cooler ambient air is sucked into the room through the window. As a bye-product of this process, wind tower loses the heat that was collected during the day time and it becomes ready for use in cold condition up to the morning.

Wind tower design with openings on all four sides Wind tower design with evaporatively cooled system

Due to the unpredictable wind direction, opening on all four sides are provided with an additional affect due to wind pressure. The rate of heat transfer mainly depends on surface area with which, the air comes in contact. Here the surface area is increased by having vertical conduits, which gives less resistance to air flow. Further, the effectiveness is increased by having sprinklers to promote the evaporative cooling

Wind DeflectorsWind Deflectors

Interior partitions are provided in the building for various purposes of privacy, which may not allow openings in the partition. In this region, due to the warm and humid climate ventilation becomes very essential, cross – ventilation becomes the major solution. This can be overcome by providing ridge ventilation or ventilating ducts or shafts for deeper rooms.

The effect of positioning the apertures at various heights above the floor influences the efficiency of the natural ventilation in a given space.

Inlet higher than outlet. Good interaction of air layers. Current at body level. Pocket of warm , still air over the outlet.

Inlet and outlet are high. Airflow only near ceiling. No air current at body level. Good for removing hot air for warm season. Layers of still air at low levels.

Root Way Water treatment facility – Natural Way of treating the Root Way Water treatment facility – Natural Way of treating the black and grey water.black and grey water.

Zero water discharge buildingSystem35% reduction in potable water useLow flow water fixturesWaterless urinalsUse of storm water & recycled water for irrigation.Entire waste water in the building is treated biologically through a process called the 'Root Zone Treatment

Water systemWater system  Collect rainwater for external use i.e. garden/washing car. Use water conserving appliances including toilets, shower, taps, washing machine and dish washer

e.g.. Low flow faucets, water saving dual flush tanks Reduce irrigation and surface water run-off .

Rain water

Water filter

Slope given for the water flow

Outlet for water collection

Inlet for water

•A large amount of energy — and pollution — was also reduced through choices in the production and transportation of building materials.

•An impressive 77 percent of the building materials use recycled content in the form of fly ash, broken glass, broken tiles, recycled paper, recycled aluminum, cinder from industrial furnaces, bagasse (an agricultural waste from sugar cane), mineral fibers, cellulose fibers, and quarry dust.

•The building reuses a significant amount of material salvaged from other construction sites like toilet doors, interlocking pavement blocks, stone slabs, scrap steel, scrap glazed tiles, shuttering material and, interestingly, the furniture in the cafeteria. A waste management plan ensured that 96 percent of construction waste was recycled.

Sustainable MaterialsSustainable Materials

Principles followed Principles followed

Select materials using recycled components . Design for re-use and recycling. Control and reduce waste and packaging.  Reduce resource consumption.

Waste ReductionWaste Reduction

Meet the basic physical, emotional and spiritual needs of the occupants

Consider healthy lighting, color and sound, controlled temperature and humidity and good indoor air quality to enhance the living environment

Reduce formaldehyde emissions and use pollution fighting indoor plants

Apply an integrated wiring system for lighting, power, security, fire alarm and audio facilities.

Design a safe and user-friendly space.

Health and Wellbeing Health and Wellbeing

Energy EfficiencyEnergy Efficiency

Design-Orientation for maximum day light.

Avoiding Green wall and Green roof. Use of neutral glass to reduce heat

gain. Usage of energy efficient white goods. Use of Zero CFG refrigerators in

refrigerators and air-condition. Online monitoring system to monitor

the energy performance. Establishing baseline data for energy

consumption.

Use of eco friendly electric car for transport and traveling within the premises

helping in preventing pollution.

AchievementsAchievementsThe building boasts of lighting energy savings of 88 percent compared to an electrically lit building of the same size.

Vegetation that was lost to the built area was replaced by gardens on 55 percent of the roof area.

The building achieves a 35 percent reduction of municipally supplied potable water, in part through the use of low-flush toilets and waterless urinals.

Thirty percent of users have shifted to alternative modes of transportation: carpools, bicycles, and cars that run on liquefied petroleum gas, a low-polluting alternative to conventional gasoline and diesel.

95 percent of the raw material was extracted or harvested locally.

An impressive 77 percent of the building materials use recycled content.

A waste management plan ensured that 96 percent of construction waste was recycled.

CII – Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre or The Green Business Centre is located in Hyderabad, India. It won an internationally acclaimed award by the United States Green Building Council as the most environmentally advanced building in the world.

It is the Centre of Excellence of the Confederation of Indian Industry for Energy Efficiency, Green Buildings , Renewable Energy, Water, Environment & Recycling and Climate Change activities in India.

The Green Institute entered into a strategic partnership with the Confederation of Indian Industries to establish the Green Business Centre (GBC) at Hyderabad for promoting Green Activities in India. The GBC has become the basis of an ongoing partnership with the Phillips Eco-Enterprise Center (PEEC), a project of the Green Institute

Awards received by CII – Awards received by CII – Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre

BibliographyBibliography

Wind in architecture

www.greenbusinesscentre.com

www.architectureweek.com

Climate and Design

Climate responsive architecture

Practical handbook on energy conservation in buildings.

PRESENTED PRESENTED BYBY

GAURAV JHUNJHUNWALAGAURAV JHUNJHUNWALAPANKTI SANGANEEPANKTI SANGANEE

SHACHI SOMANISHACHI SOMANIPOOJAN SHAHPOOJAN SHAH