IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

Software Tools for Image Processing

Larry Biehl, Systems Manager, PTO(biehl@purdue.edu)

March 12, 2007

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

Software for Image Processing

• Leica Geosystems Imagine– http://www.gis.leica-geosystems.com/

• ITT (formerly RSI) ENVI– http://www.ittvis.com/envi/

– Free version: FreeLook

• ESRI ArcGIS with RS Extensions– http://www.esri.com/

– Free version: ArcExplorer

• PCI Geomatics Geomatica– http://www.pcigeomatics.com/

– Free version: FreeView

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

Software (Continued)

• Definiens Professional (sold by PCI in U.S.)– http://www.definiens.com/

• ER Mapper– http://www.ermapper.com/

• IDRISI (sold by Clark Labs, Clark University)– http://www.clarklabs.org/

• TNTmips– http://www.microimages.com/

– Free version: TNTlite

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

Software (Continued)

• Copenhagen Image Processing System– http://www.geogr.ku.dk/chips/– Free

• Spring (INPE, Brazil)– http://www.dpi.inpe.br/spring/– Free

• MultiSpec (Purdue University)– http://dynamo.ecn.purdue.edu/~biehl/MultiSpec/– Free

• Do others have another favorite??

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

Primary Purpose of Remote Sensing Analysis

Convert multispectral image with thousands or more different measurements

To image with a dozen or fewer different information categories

Management decisions are then made based on the information categories.

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

MultiSpec: Freeware Tool for Image Data Analysis

• Purpose:- Technology Transfer (Provide ability for other

researchers to try new techniques without having to program the algorithms)

- Teaching (Use in remote sensing courses; significant use now in K-12)

- Research (Grad students use in research)

• Platforms: Macintosh and Windows

• Developed at Purdue University

http://dynamo.ecn.purdue.edu/~biehl/MultiSpec/

CoordinateView

ImageWindow

Application Menu

Histogram PlotGraph Window

Text OutputWindow

ProjectWindow

Sample MultiSpec Window (Windows Version)

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

MultiSpec Image Windows

• Multispectral- Display bands or channels

- Data values control color

• Thematic- Display classification results or other themes

- Data values point to color in table

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

Tool Bar

Overlay control Zoom out control

Zoom in control Magnification

control Selected area

Zoom factor indicator

Multispectral Image Window(Windows version)

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

Example of Thematic Image

Scroll Legend Down

Scroll Legend Up

Palette Popup

Legend

Class/Group Popup

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

• Recognizes: ArcView, ENVI, ERDAS *.LAN, Imagine, FastL7A, GAIA, TIFF/GeoTIFF, HDF, LAS, LARSYS MIST, LGSOWG, MacSADIE, NetCDF, PDS, Sun “Screen Dump”, TARGA, VICAR file formats.

• Import Data: BIL, BSQ, BIP band interleave formats; 8-, 16- & 32-bit signed/unsigned integer, 32- & 64-bit real data types; overlay shape files

• Histogram & Display Images• Cluster: Single Pass or ISODATA algorithms

• Define Classes: Rectangular, Polygonal, Clusters, Mask

• Feature Definition: Subsets, or Optimal Subspaces

• Statistics Enhancement: Via Labeled & Unlabled; LOOC

• Classification: Spectral or Spectral-Spatial [ECHO]

• Results Display: Thematic and Tabular

• Utility Functions: Graph Spectra, Scatter Diagrams, Principal Components,

Ratios, Add/Multiply Bands, Mosaicing, Changing Geometry, Visualization aids

Some Analysis Features

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

Example of Side by Side Multispectral Image

Channel number and/or description

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

Tutorials Available on Web Site

1.Display and Inspection of Image Data

2. Image Enhancement

3.Unsupervised Classification (Cluster Analysis)

4.Supervised Classification

5.Combining Separate Image Files into a Single Multispectral Image File

6.Overlay Shape Files on Image Window

7.Selecting Areas and the Coordinate View

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

Examples of Issues to Check for When Analyzing Remote Sensing Data

1 2 3

0

10437

20874

31311

41748

52185

87 116 145 174 203 232 261

Histogram of Class 'Class 1'Channel 3

Data Value

Count

0

4361

8722

13083

17444

21805

43 86 129 172 215 258

Histogram of Class 'Class 1'Channel 1

Data Value

Count

Data not saturated Data is saturated

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

Issue Examples (continued)

No Compression SID 100SID 20

Original Data Resampled (smoothed)

Users will need to decide the tradeoff.

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

Issue Examples (continued)

Notice “stitching problem” when combining multiple images.

Very much improved.

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

Examples (continued)

4 Meter MultiSpectral Satellite Imagery

Notice the color tone change in the image.

This occurred when combining two images.

Example provided byNathan Watermeier

IGIC Remote Sensing Workshop: 3/12/2007 Image Processing Tools: Larry Biehl, Purdue

Acknowledgements

• Funding for the research leading to the development of MultiSpec was provided by NASA

• The Globe Program provided the support for the initial Windows versions of MultiSpec