Strengthening Social Service Delivery/Supply Side within TASAF III –

Productive Social Safety Net (PSSN)

Social Protection Conference , 15-17 December, 2014 Arusha Tanzania

Presented by Mr. Ladislaus Mwamanga, TASAF Executive Director

Outline1. Background2. Achievements 3. Lessons learned 4. Implementation challenges 5. Challenges of poverty reduction and vulnerability6. TASAF-III (PSSN)Design Factors7. TASAF III Objectives, Beneficiaries and Components8. Expected Impact of TASAF III ( PSSN)9. TASAF III Beneficiaries Benefit Structure10. TASAF III Institutional Arrangement 11. Programme Implementation Approach12. PAAs Poverty Index Map13. Supply side and Assessment14. Analysis of Supply Side assessment (Mtwara and Lindi)15. What sectors and TASAF can respond 16. END

Tanzania Social Action Fund (TASAF) was officially initiated in 2000 by the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania

First one year pilot program in 8 poor districts on the Mainland to pre-test the CDD approach

It was one of its initiatives on poverty reduction anchored to Poverty Reduction Strategies using community driven development(CDD).

The First Phase of TASAF (2000-2005) addressed key issues that were identified in the first Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP I)

Main focus was on :

improving social service delivery addressing income poverty for poor able bodied but food insecure

households and capacity enhancement

The first phase was implemented in 40 most poor districts in Tanzania mainland and Unguja and Pemba ( 42 operational areas)

3

Background

A total of 1,704 sub projects were funded and implemented and total of TZS 72 billion was used .

7.3 million beneficiaries in 40 districts on the Mainland and all districts in Zanzibar were reached through supported sub projects.

113,646 PWP direct beneficiaries (47% women) and transferred cash income was US$ 3.3 million

136,333 beneficiaries trained in various aspects of project management

More than 20,000 members of Community Project Committees, more than 1,500 district facilitators, about 200 NGOs/CBOs as well as Council Management Teams were trained.

4

Achievements of the First Phase

The Second Phase of TASAF (2005-2013) built on Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the first National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (MKUKUTA I and MKUZA I) to assist meeting the targets by 2010 for MKUKUTA I/MKUZA I and 2015 for MDGs.

5

Implementation of the Second Phase

The focus of the Second Phase was to address: Lack and/or shortage of social services income poverty in rural and urban areas, and capacity enhancement of beneficiaries and institutions

6

Implementation of the Second Phase….

A total of 12,347 sub projects were funded and implemented and TZS 430 billion was used .

Population with access to improved social services was 18,682,208

Vulnerable individuals participating in income generating activities: 371,250.

Community Based-Conditional Cash Transfer reached 11,576 households with 28,480 individual beneficiaries.

A total of 280,223 individuals were reached with training at all levels.

A total of 1,778 voluntary savings groups with 22,712 savers were formed and saving a total of 750 million

7

Achievements of the Second Phase

TASAF has not provided adequate coverage and continuity of support. Resources were limited and inadequate to meet overwhelming

demand from communities ( SPIF 118,000 vs 12,347 SP funded). Functionality in some of created assets, especially in health and

education sectors. Scaling up of initiatives implemented in limited pilot areas, like

the Community-Based Conditional Cash Transfer and Community Savings and Investment Promotion.

Low capacity of LGAs to support implementation at community level.

Inadequate reporting and follow up on the part of LGAs

Implementation Challenges

… however, not everybody is equally poor…

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

Distribution of Consumption

Average per capita ConsumptionFood Poverty LineBasic Needs Poverty Line

Tsh per adult equivalent per month

a significant number of people is very close to the poverty line…

Poorest 10%

2nd Poorest 10%

3rd Poorest 10%

4th Poorest 10%

02000400060008000

1000012000140001600018000

Average per capita consumption among the poor

… but there are differences among the poor.

Challenges of poverty reduction and vulnerability

PSSN aims to put emplace the building blocks of a permanent national social safety net

The GoT committed to put PSSNn budget and scale it up to reach over 1 million poor households

Consolidate the impressive achievement of TASAF-II using community-driven development (CDD) approach to facilitate implementation of public works, income generating activities for poor and vulnerable groups

Fill gaps in light of demand expressed by communities Scale up conditional cash transfers, community savings and

investments, and livelihood enhancement Ensure functionality of created assets (education, health and water) Improve Institutional Arrangement for effective support to poor

communities

TASAF III (PSSN)Design Factors

Capacity enhancement of beneficiaries and organization support delivery of TASAF-III

Contribute to the attainment of MKUKUTA-II and MKUZA-II objectives and the advancement of the social protection agenda.

Targeted infrastructure development to spur progress towards achievement of the MDGs

Nationwide coverage Focus on House Holds

TASAF III Design Factors …..

Objective: The objective of TASAF III is to enable poor households to

increase incomes and opportunities while improving consumption.

Beneficiaries: The direct beneficiaries of TASAF III are the people

currently living below the food poverty line This support will be focused on the poor and

vulnerable households as well as those temporarily affected by short-term shocks.

These people will receive safety net support as well as the opportunity to participate in livelihood enhancing activities.

The broader number of people living under the food poverty line will be eligible for livelihood support interventions as well as be prioritised for the targeted infrastructure support.

TASAF III Objectives, Beneficiaries and components

Need for a Productive Social Safety net System Approach

To cope with chronic poverty

To mitigate shocks

To reduce vulnerability in the mid- and long-term by investing in human capital of children

To move on to a positive trajectory(route)

Poor and vulnerable households require different types of support –A single intervention is not enough

+

CCTs(HH with children

and pregnant women)

Incl. monthly community

sessions

PWP(HH with adults able to work)Plus savings promotion

The Productive Social Safety Net: A system to support the poor and vulnerable in Tanzania

Income generating activities,Savings,Training

Education, health and nutrition

services

Human capital accumulation and

sustained reduction of poverty

v

Smooth consumptio

n, accumulati

on of assets

v

Participation for several years

*A household becomes a beneficiary of both programs

Unified registry of Beneficiaries

Common targeting

Improved community

assets

Increasing consumption of extremely poor on a permanent basisSmoothing consumption during lean seasons and shocks

Investing in human capital

Strengthening links with income generating activities

Increase access to improved social services

Objective of the Productive Social Safety Net

• Provision of predictable and timely cash transfers through a combination of : CCTs for poor and vulnerable households (Education, health,

nutrition) Participation in seasonal cash-for-work programs during the lean

season and shocks (a labor intensive intervention with 75/25 ratio of labor/capital)The same group of households will be beneficiary of both programs (over 85% beneficiaries will be able to participate in the CCTs and the cash-for-work

• Institutional reform At the Social Protection sector level (Coordination,

institutional responsibilities, rationalization of SP expenditures)

Implementing agency level (from a social fund to a safety nets approach)

• Instruments to support a system approach Common targeting mechanism Single registry of beneficiaries Same payment mechanism- move towards e-payments Comprehensive M&E System and integrated MIS

Productive Social Safety Net

In all LGAs select villages using a

Village/Mtaa/Shehia Index

Village Assembly

identifies the poorest

households

CMC collects information

from households

TASAF verifies list of beneficiaries applying

a PMT

Village Assembly

validates final list of

households

CMCs collects information to

register beneficiaries in

the URB

URB(administered by

TASAF)

VC sends list of hh via LGAs

TASAF sends list of hh via LGAs

Selection and Registry of Beneficiaries

• Target population Those leaving below food poverty line

• Benefits From the Conditional Cash Transfer:

Basic benefit: TZS 10,000 per month Children under 18 years: TZS 4,000 per month Health variable benefit

Children under 5 years 4,000 per month

Education variable benefit Primary school TZS 2,000 per month with CAP TZS 8,000 Junior Secondary TZS 4,000 per month with CAP TZS 12,000 Senior Secondary TZS 6,000 per month with CAP TZS 12,000

From the cash-for-work: TZS 2,300 per day for up to 60 days in four months per Households

From Livelihood enhancement: capacity building and community sessions so as to do savings and

invest in productive assets, From Targeted Infrastructure:

support on Health, Education and Water sectors

Benefits and Beneficiaries

Hondu

ras

(PRAF)

Ecuad

or (B

DH)

Jamaic

a (P

ATH)

Colombia

(Fam

ilia e

n Acc

ion)

Red S

olida

ria (E

S)

Red d

e Opo

rtunid

ades

(PA)

Guate

mala (M

ifapr

o)

Tanz

ania

(CCT

only)

Nicara

ugua

(RPS)

Mexico

(Opo

rtunid

ades

)

Tanz

ania

(CCT+

PW)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

It is a generous program…

Size of the benefit as % of pre-transfer consumption among beneficiaries

… and affordable

Expected impacts of TASAF III ( PSSN) Ex-ante simulations indicates:

Extreme poverty reduction by 52% Extreme poverty gap reduction by 43%

The cost of the program once it reaches all poor households leaving below food poverty will be approx. 0.6% of the GDP

Emphasize on group saving and investment aspects

Capacity building and community sessions Effective use of M&E system and MIS Effective technical support and facilitation

National level: National Steering Committee(NSC), Sector Expert Team (SET), TASAF Management Unit (TMU), TASAF is Under PO State House:

Regional level: RAS office: Focal TASAF Officer - Follow up of implementation in PAAs

PAA level: Executive Director, Management Team,(all sectors) Finance Committee, Full council

Ward level: Extension staff, CDO, ..- Direct provision of technical support to communities and households

Village/mtaa/shehia level: CMC under oversight of Village Council/Mtaa Committee/Shehia Advisory Council, endorsed by Village Assembly/Mtaa/Shehia meeting, overall support to programme

CMCs. Day to day implementation management, collection of information to register beneficiaries and to verify compliance with co-responsibilities

Education and health sectors. Provision of information on compliance with co-responsibilities

Payment Agencies. Direct transfer to beneficiary households and reconciliation of payments

TASAF III Institutional Set up

In order to effectively and adequately develop capacity, the programme has adopt a phased approach to programme roll-out.

Roll out plan starts with Regions with high poverty index First wave 14 PAAs (Mtwara and Lindi) - November 2013 Second wave 19 PAAs ( Dodoma, singida, Katavi and Kigoma)- April 2014 Third wave 27 PAAs(Arusha,Kilimanjaro,Manyara and Mara) – July 2014 Fourth wave 33 PAAs(Simiyu, Mwanza,Shinyanga,Morogoro, Pwani and Tanga) - October 2014 Impact Evaluation wave 16 PAAs – November 2014 Fifth wave 52 PAAs ( DSM, Kagera, Geita, Iringa, Njombe, Ruvuma, Rukwa, Tabora, Kigoma and

Zanzibar ( Unguja and Pemba remaining shehias) – January 2015 It is planned to reach all PAAs before end of March 2014. So far We have reached 109 PAAs.

Targeted 580,844 Households but still on going to other villages.

Enrolled 276,510 Households for CCT but not done all data capture for enrolment wave 3 &4 Paid six rounds of transfers about TZS 33.3 billion(29.3b Beneficiaries, 2.83b PAAs, 499m VC,

333m RAS and 333m Ward) Initiated 515 labour intensive Public Works subprojects in 8 PAAs worth TZS 10.6 Billion

With 58,259 beneficiaries in 355 villages/shahia. 1.4 billion used at PAAs, RAS, Ward and Village Government offices

Programme Implementation Approach

Supply Side

Where as the beneficieries are required to comply to conditionalities, the Governmnet/ PSSN Program has also its co responsibilities

The Government/PSSN Programme have to ensure that functional service facilities and equipment to beneficiary communities are provided so as to comply with set up conditions at reasonable standard distances.

Beneficieries need to have access to education, health and water facilities

Supply Side Capacity Assessment.

Provision of services to the beneficiaries is a principal pillar in investing in human capital.

Before the program starts implementation in project areas, a supply capacity assessment is conducted to determine the gaps on service provision

This process allows the PAAs to plan and identify solutions on how the gaps will be filled both in terms of quality and quantity

Non availability of services enables beneficiaries to demand for the services thus making the Program and respective sectors responsive to their demands

Beneficiaries of PSSN in Bunda district attending children clinic as one of conditionality

Some of the pupils beneficiaries of PSSN attending class in Pemba as one of the conditionality

Highlights on Supply Side Assessment for wave one 14 PAA ( Mtwara and Lindi)

Education Sector Shortage in primary schools

8 per cent of the required number of teachers 78 per cent of the required number of teachers’ houses 78 per cent of the required number of water facilities

Health Sector 47 per cent of the required number of health staff 69 per cent of the required number of staff houses 69 per cent of the required number of water facilities

Analysis of Supply Side Assessment for wave one 14 PAAs ( Mtwara and Lindi)

Description

Requirements Available Gap % gap

Education Sector

Teachers 25,585 23,468 2,117 8

Teachers’ houses

25,630 5,529 20,101 78

Water points

2,004 445 1,559 78

Toilet 35,330 29,128 6,202 18

Health Sector

Health Staff

29,795 15,685 14,110 47

Staff Houses

11,687 3,614 8,073 69

Water Facilities

1,400 437 963 69

What TASAF(PSSN) can offer

The Targeted Infrastructure component supports development of infrastructure in education, health and water sectors

All sub projects which require PSSN support under targeted Infrastructure are determined through supply side capacity assessment results and endorsed by the communities.

Limited funds for implementation of sub projects under TASAF -PSSN are made available after submission of application form.

Resources available so far is from the government contribution

Willingness for minimum community contribution ( 10%) and completion of project appraisal and approval processes.

Work on highly priority of facilities ( Health, education and water)

Role of sectors

Work hand in hand with TASAF(PSSN) during supply side capacity assessment

Link the project with other programmes, projects and initiatives so as to avoid duplication of efforts and resources in addressing supply side gaps

Assist the PAAs to set the priority list on the gaps available as per sector norms and standards

During sub project implementation sector experts are required to supervise and provide technical support and ascertain that sub projects are implemented in conformity with sector norms and standards

WAY FOWARD

To strengthen social service delivery; A report on supply side assessment from PAAs will be shared

with respective ministries so that budgets are allocated

TASAF has engaged a consultant to work on analysis of the supply side assessment so that a priority list is set for each village.

Sectors, PSSN and other interested parties need to work together

on resources mobilizations to bridge the gap on service provision The service delivery is not solely about hardware. The software part

(personnel and supplies) also need to be worked on.

Capacity gaps also need to be identified and filled so that quality services are provided.

END of presentation

Thank you for your attention