Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Onno W. Purbo [email protected].
Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing...
Transcript of Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing...
![Page 1: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Social Network Analysis (SNA)Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies
1
![Page 2: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Joe McHale
Ken Novak, Ph.D.
Speakers
Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental Research (IIR)
Retired Chief of Police, Marion, Iowa, Police Department
Retired Major, Kansas City, Missouri, Police Department
Professor, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Criminal Justice and Criminology
Research Partner, Kansas City’s Strategies for Policing Innovation and Crime Gun Intelligence Center
![Page 3: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
▪Analysis of social relationships▪ Beyond individual attributes
▪ Maps relationships between individuals
▪ Information and goods flow between people, so the structure of relations matters
▪Through SNA, we can identify important individuals based on their social position
What Is Social Network Analysis (SNA)?
3
![Page 4: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
▪Social network analysis is not social networking
▪It is not Twitter or Facebook
What SNA Is NOT!
4
![Page 5: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
▪Crime concentration
▪Overlap between offenders and victims▪ Risk factors
▪ Role of retaliation
▪ Influencers
▪Good starting point for understanding dynamics within deviant social groups
▪Starting point for actionable intelligence
Why SNA?
5
![Page 6: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
▪Delinquent peers - one of the strongest predictors of crime (Warr)
▪Violence is concentrated among networks of people (Papachristos)
▪The closer you are socially to violence, the more likely you are to become a victim (Papachristos)
▪Position is important within the network (Morselli, McGloin)
Research on SNA
6
![Page 7: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
SNA Terminology
TIE
NODE
7
![Page 8: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
SNA Sociogram
TIE
NODE
8
![Page 9: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Types of Network Data
DATA MODELING INTELLIGENCE
▪Converting data into intelligence
9
![Page 10: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Data (Input)
▪Information that connects or informs the relationship between two or more people
▪ “Street intel”
▪ Field interview forms (FIFs)
▪ Arrest reports
▪ Car/traffic stops
▪ Gang intelligence reports
▪ National Integrated Ballistic Information Network (NIBIN)
10
![Page 11: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Data - Caution!
▪Intelligence will only be as good as the data used
▪Flawed, incomplete, stale, cursory data yield similar output
11
![Page 12: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Visualizing a NetworkField Interview
FIF 1100 Andrew200 Ken
Edge
100 200 100 200
Network Representation
FIF 2200 Ken 350 Joe 400 Tiffany
200 350200 400350 400
200
400
350
100
FIF 1 & 2 Combined100 200200 350200 400350 400
200
400
350
12
![Page 13: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Visualizing a Network
Network of Gang Members and Associates (n=288)
Layout optimization▪ No lines overlap▪ Social distance on the page
13
![Page 14: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Key Players
Who is the most central in the network?
1. Degree Centrality
2. Betweenness Centrality
14
![Page 15: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
Types of CentralityDegree centrality: Person with direct connections
(knows a lot of people)
Person A
Betweenness centrality: Person in the best path
(connects a lot of people)
Person B
15
A B
![Page 16: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
Key Players
Degree Centrality
16
Betweenness Centrality
![Page 17: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
SNA in Practice
Arrest networks
High betweennesscentrality 3.2xs more likely to be victim of violence
(Fox et al. 2020)
17
Betweenness Centrality
![Page 18: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
SNA in Practice
▪Identifying gang structures/focused deterrence
▪Hot spot enforcement and engagement
▪ATF/NIBIN utilization
▪Smaller jurisdictions
▪Challenges
18
![Page 19: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Implementing Focused Deterrence Utilizing SNA
Intelligence ModelsBuild intelligence models and
relationships to direct the finite resources of the police
department to the core group of individuals involved in, or likely
to become involved in, violent crime
Community Relationships
Build relationships in the community to establish a moral
voice that impacts violence
Establish Structure
Establish a structure of outreach to those who want to change and need the help
to make change
19
![Page 20: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
SNA Case Study in First Application for FD
▪ Dime Block gang network
▪ Developed by UMKC and KCPD Detective
▪ Process took two months
▪ Silos of intelligence
▪ Information technology barriers/crystal reports
20
![Page 21: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Single Gang Set Sociogram
21
![Page 22: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
SNA Single Gang Set Breakdown
▪360 members in group
▪202 in largest connected group
▪60 currently were on probation/parole
▪32 pending cases were in Jackson County processes
▪ 126 members had active warrants
▪22 warrants were felony
22
![Page 23: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Betweenness Centrality (Warrant)
23
![Page 24: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Betweenness Centrality (Probation & Parole)
24
![Page 25: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The Social Structure of Violence in a Major U.S. City
How do you engage this network? Who does it?
25
![Page 26: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Hot Spot Networks
26
![Page 27: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Major Urban City Patrol Division
▪ Area of 45.4 square miles▪ Population: 82,585▪ 172 sworn law enforcement officers▪ 44 homicides in 2015▪ 70,000 calls for service▪ Dozens of community groups▪ Melting pot, industry, tourism
27
![Page 28: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Intelligence-Led SNA Hot Spots
▪Central players (betweenness) ▪ Wanted
▪ Messaging
▪Probation parolees (central players first)▪ Home visits to verify plan
▪ Arrest absconders
▪Community interaction▪ Identify key players to drive preventive conversation
with faith-based and service-oriented groups
28
![Page 29: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Intelligence-Led SNA Hot Spots
29
![Page 30: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Impacting Gun Crime Through SNA and NIBIN
30
![Page 31: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
▪Agencies can integrate all ballistic matches that link gun crime, connecting the cases, then identify the networks of people involved in those crimes, victims, witnesses, and suspects to overlay that intelligence in the SNA networks
▪This information allows us to place a higher degree of “risk” for violence based on the prior history of individuals
ATF/NIBIN Intelligence
31
![Page 32: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
▪ These dots indicate linked gun crimes – yellow dots indicate cases involving homicides
ATF/NIBIN Intelligence
32
![Page 33: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
ATF/NIBIN Intelligence
Yellow Dot = IndictmentATF
33
![Page 34: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
ATF/NIBIN Intelligence
Green Dot = Probation/Parole
Probation & Parole
34
![Page 35: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
ATF/NIBIN Intelligence
Betweenness
35
![Page 36: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
ATF/NIBIN Intelligence
Sex Pink Dot – FemaleBlue Dot – Male
36
![Page 37: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Smaller Jurisdiction Model
37
![Page 38: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
▪Cluster of three agencies’ data in Eastern Iowa
▪Three jurisdictional data sets: two police departments and one sheriff’s office
▪Population of metropolitan area: about 257,000
▪Very safe: three to five homicides per year
▪Violence very concentrated
Applicability to Smaller Jurisdiction
38
![Page 39: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
▪May 1, 2015, through April 30, 2017
▪All incidents and field interviews
▪Two-mode network connecting people through incidents
Network Method
39
![Page 40: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Extreme Concentration
40
![Page 41: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Implementation Challenges
41
![Page 42: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
▪ Procedures to draw out human intelligence must be in place
▪ Commanders must direct staff to document relationships and share information to produce robust SNA
▪ Patrol elements are one of the absolute best sources of relational data - “the book”
▪ FIFs must be completed
Computers Cannot Replace Intuition
42
![Page 43: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
▪ Data not structured correctly for analysis▪ What is an edge list?
▪ Multiple names and monikers for same person ▪ Jonathon, Jon, Johnny, Jay Jay, Skinny Boy . . .
▪ Paper files contain large amounts of relational and node data ▪ Gang files, detective interview reports (DIRs)
▪ Human knowledge of relationships not documented▪ Patrol elements fail to complete FIFs
Barriers to Advancing SNA
43
![Page 44: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
▪ Investigative elements unwilling to talk or grant access to files▪ Our case will be compromised (case unsolvable, crime continues)
▪ Physical separation of investigative elements▪ Covert locations tend to be huge silos
▪ No central database for storing group and individual-level intelligence▪ Intel system that no one had access to or training on (big secrets!)
▪ SNA dismissed by “tech-challenged” personnel▪ First SNA models may hit the trash if training not conducted
Barriers to Advancing SNA
44
![Page 45: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
▪ SNA has outlined undercover and long-term federal investigations
▪ Units were not adhering to “deconfliction” practices dictated by policy
▪ SNA charts with names need to be kept out of public view and in secure environments
Officer Safety Issues
45
![Page 46: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
▪SNA is mistaken for Social Media Analysis
▪ You are doing a great job with that “Facebook stuff”
▪SNA will contain all walks of life, not just criminal elements
▪ “Their data is horrible; they have a security guard mapped out”
▪The “let’s go arrest everyone” mentality
▪ SNA must be a tool to drive smart and impactful crime reduction operations
Command and Line Element Misconceptions
46
![Page 47: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
▪ The U.S. Constitution is “still in effect” when using SNA
▪ Being identified in a social structure does not transition to “probable cause or reasonable suspicion”
Probable Cause and Reasonable Suspicion
47
![Page 48: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
▪ SNA should be considered “raw intelligence”
▪ SNA should never be referred to in investigative or public access documents
▪ The process of preparing networks should always be accomplished with information that we legally have access to in the course of our duties
▪ SNA in the law enforcement realm should never be utilized for personal or political gain
Prosecutors and Discovery
48
![Page 49: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Questions?
49
![Page 50: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Contact Us
Joe McHaleSenior Manager
Institute for Intergovernmental Research (IIR)
Phone: (850) 385-0600, ext. 302 Mobile: (850) 404-4101Email: [email protected]
Carolyn BinderSenior Manager
Institute for Intergovernmental Research (IIR)
Phone: (850) 385-0600, ext. 362
Mobile: (850) 210-8033
Email: [email protected]
Strategic Solutions • Focused Action • Reduced Violence
50
![Page 51: Social Network Analysis (SNA) · Social Network Analysis (SNA) Using SNA to Enhance Policing Strategies 1. 2 Joe McHale Ken Novak, Ph.D. Speakers Senior Manager, Institute for Intergovernmental](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042712/5f8f249e53aea8054a38a2e0/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Strategic Solutions • Focused Action • Reduced Violence
Thank You!
51