Social Innovation: Theoretical Concepts and International...
Transcript of Social Innovation: Theoretical Concepts and International...
Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt
Social Innovation: Theoretical Concepts and International Trends
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt
German-Brazilian Workshop on Social Innovation
Rio de Janeiro, October 4th 2016 1
Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt
“The tracks of international research on innovation demonstrate that the technology-oriented paradigm – shaped by the industrial society – does not cover the broad range of innovations indispensable in the transition from an industrial to a knowledge and services-based society: Such fundamental societal changes require the inclusion of social innovations in a paradigm shift of the innovation system.”
Vienna Declaration: The most relevant topics in social innovation research
Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt
A New Nature of Innovation” (OECD 2010)
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Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt 4
Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt © European Union/The Young Foundation
2010
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Social Innovation – First Insights from the Global Mapping
Mission: Extending knowledge about Social Innovation as a
driver of social change
• Integrating theories and research methodologies to advance understanding of SI leading to a comprehensive new paradigm of innovation.
• Undertaking European and global mapping of SI, thereby addressing different social, economic, cultural, historical and religious contexts in eight major world regions.
• Ensuring relevance for policy makers and practitioners through in-depth analyses and case studies in seven policy fields, with cross European and world region comparisons, foresight and policy round tables.
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 612870.
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt PAGE 6
Social Innovation – First Insights from the Global Mapping
1. Education 2. Employment 3. Environment and Climate Change 4. Energy Supply 5. Transport and Mobility 6. Health and Social Care 7. Poverty Reduction and Sustainable Development
Seven Major Policy Fields
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Social Innovation – First Insights from the Global Mapping
Social Entrepreneurship,
Social Economy,
Local and Regional
Development,
Design Thinking,
(History of Social
Innovation)
Innovation Systems,
Transition research,
STS, Business
Innovation
Theories of Social Change,
Practice Theory, Development
Theories
Relationship between social innovation and social change
Social Theory
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt PAGE 8
Building blocks towards a Theory of Social Innovation
Social Innovation – First Insights from the Global Mapping
Variety of approaches and conceptions
At the same time we find a lot of conceptual differences in the theoretical fields, not only with regard to the concept and understanding of (social) innovation but also regarding:
• the role of technologies,
• the main actors and drivers,
• the relationship to social change,
• the governance and framework conditions, and
• the significance of power and conflict.
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt PAGE 9
Social Innovation – First Insights from the Global Mapping
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Social innovation is seen as a new combination or figuration of practices in areas of social action,
prompted by certain actors or constellations of actors
with the goal of better coping with needs and problems than is possible by use of existing practices.
An innovation is therefore social to the extent that it varies social action, and is socially accepted and diffused in society.
Depending on circumstances of social change, interests, policies and power, social ideas as well as successfully implemented SI may be transformed and ultimately institutionalised as regular social practice or made routine.
Social Innovation – Working Definition
SIERC 2016, Massey University, Auckland New Zealand – 11th of February 2016 Antonius Schröder / Jürgen Howaldt, TU Dortmund University - sfs
Social Innovation – First Insights from the Global Mapping
Five Key Dimensions of Social Innovation
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt
Process Dynamics
Potential Scope Impact
Mechanisms of diffusion:
Imitation, social learning, relationship to social change
Analyse the ambivalence of SI
Analytical concept: social practice
Capacity building, empowerment &
conflict
Functions, roles and new concepts
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Social Innovation – First Insights from the Global Mapping
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332
76
20
92
37
84 114
108
34
52
47 cases N/A
Region, where the initiative was implemented
SIERC 2016, Massey University, Auckland New Zealand – 11th of February 2016 Antonius Schröder / Jürgen Howaldt, TU Dortmund University - sfs
Social Innovation – First Insights from the Global Mapping
Policy Fields the Initiative is Addressing
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Social Innovation – First Insights from the Global Mapping
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Type of Partners
Social enterprise
Network/group/individual
University/Research Institute
Private company
Public body, Ministry
NGO/NPO
126
139
189
616
684
721
Social Innovation – First Insights from the Global Mapping
Cross-Cutting-Themes the Initiatives are Addressing
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt, Kongress „Innovationen für die Gesellschaft“
5,7%
10,9%
17,4%
19,0%
32,9%
34,1%
42,1%
53,2%
62,4%
Other
Migration
Demographic Change
Governance
Gender/Equality/Diversity
ICT & Social Media
Social Enterpreneurship/Economy/Enterprises
Human Resources/Knowledge
Empowerment
N = 2.647
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Social Innovation – First Insights from the Global Mapping
13,1%
1,6%
10,0%
12,9%
15,4%
26,2%
39,6%
Not further specified
Users as Funders
Users as Adapters
Users as Innovators
Co-Creators
Solution Provider
Knwoledge Provider
N = 442
Forms of User Involvement
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Social Innovation – First Insights from the Global Mapping
Main Barriers
Other
Political Opposition
Competitors
Lack of Media Coverage
Lack of institutional access
Absence of Participants
Missing Political Support
Legal Restrictions
Knowledge Gaps
Lack of Personnel
Funding Challenges
32,1%
5,7%
6,3%
7,6%
10,4%
12,5%
14,1%
16,5%
17,5%
18,4%
51,7%
N=765
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt, Kongress „Innovationen für die Gesellschaft“ 17
Social Innovation – First Insights from the Global Mapping
Societal Level Addressed by the Initiative
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt, Kongress „Innovationen für die Gesellschaft“ 18
Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
Challenge
Though there is a widespread recognition of
the need for social innovation, there is no
clear understanding of how social
innovation leads to (transformative) social
change of existing structures, policies,
institutions and behaviours.
We need to understand the conditions under
which social innovations develop, flourish
and sustain, and finally lead to social change.
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Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt
“There is nothing more difficult to plan, more doubtful of success, nor more dangerous to manage than the creation of a new order of things… Whenever his enemies have the ability to attack the innovator, they do so with the passion of partisans, while the others defend him sluggishly, so that the innovator and his party alike are vulnerable.”
Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince (1513)
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Picture: ???
Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
Combine the potential of social innovation in the social economy, civil society, business firms and the state (Multi-level governance)
Promote alliances between universities, companies and the state around social innovation
Opening the process of innovation to society including all stakeholders in the development and diffusion of innovation
Empowering people: Include citizens, clients, social movements, communities in the process of social innovation
Innovation „bottom up“: learning from experiences of innovation research and business and public service innovation
Vienna Declaration: The most relevant topics in social innovation research
Challenge Redraw the bounderies
Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
Social Innovation
Civil Society
Public Sector
Economy
University/ Science / Research
Social innovation: The core of Social Change Development of new Alliances / Cross-sector Fertilization
Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
Social innovation requires also appropriate social innovation policies.
Many social inventions are hindered by traditional approaches in public
policies.
If Europe wants to tackle the challenges as documented through its Strategy
for Smart, Inclusive and Sustainable Growth as well as its specific Flagship
Initiatives, policy makers need to understand how to involve and make use
of the participation of citizens to serve the public good.
Social Innovation Policies
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Social Innovation – First Insights from the Global Mapping
The policy reports revealed the strong need for social innovation in the seven policy fields. But at the same time
“… policy field related documents of public authorities such as the European Commission, the United Nations, the OECD, the World Bank, etc. often do not refer to social innovations (exceptions are Horizon 2020 documents as well as publications of other DGs such as DG Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion and DG Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs). “
Source: Compiling report
Increasing Importance and Undeveloped Potential
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Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
Social Innovation plays an important role in the Europe 2020 strategy
"Creativity and innovation in general and social innovation in particular are essential factors for fostering sustainable growth, securing jobs and increasing competitive abilities, especially in the midst of the economic and financial markets crisis."
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Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
ANSPE - Colombia’s National Agency to Overcome Extreme Poverty
ANSPE’s Center for Social Innovation brings together actors in order to generate innovative, pertinent, sustainable and scalable solutions to improve quality of life of the population living in extreme poverty
Partnership with local authorities, government institutions, social organizations and private sector
Development and financing of social innovation projects using public private partnerships
Strengthen promotion, diffusion and knowledge
Generating a favorable environment for Social Innovation
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http://www.anspe.gov.co/
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Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
High-Tech Strategy Federal Government – Innovations for Germany
„We employ a comprehensive term of innovation which covers not only technological but also social innovations, and we include society as main actor.“
„Especially, we need technological and social innovations leading to new services for new markets and which are characterized by societal benefit. Services require distinct patterns of innovation.“
„Social innovations can contribute to overcoming the challenges of societal and regional change.“
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Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
1985: Institute for Social Inventions, London
1986: Centre de recherche sur les innovations sociales, (CRISIS), Montreal
1990: Centre for Social Innovation (ZSI), Vienna
1995: Soziale Innovation GmbH, Dortmund
2000: Center for Social Innovation, Stanford University
2003: Skoll Centre for Social Entrepreneurship, Oxford University
2004: Centre for Social Innovation (CSI), Toronto
2004: Institut für Sozialinnovation, Berlin
2005: Institute for Social Innovation, Solingen
2005: Young Foundation, London
2005: Award for Social Innovation, Vienna
2006: Netherlands Centre for Social Innovation (NCSI), Utrecht
2006: Centrum für soziale Investitionen und Innovationen, Heidelberg
2008: Social Innovation Exchange (SIX), Europe
Institutionalization of Social Innovation
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Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
2008: Master „Management of Social Innovations“, University Munich
2009: The Australian Centre for Social Innovation (TACSI), Adelaide
2009: Office of Social Innovation and Civic Participation, White House Office, Washington
2010: Social Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship Research Centre, New Zealand
2010: Center for Social Innovation and Entrepreneurship (CSIE), Madras
2011: Social Innovation Europe (SIE), Europe
2011: Waterloo Institute for Social Innovation and Resilience (WISIR), Waterloo
2011: Tilburg Social Innovation Lab (TiSIL), Tilburg
2012: Sinnergiak Social Innovation, San Sebastián
2012: Master of Arts in Social Innovation, Donau-Universität, Krems
2012: European School of Social Innovation, Vienna
2012: Center for Social Innovation, Bogotá
2012: Social Lab, Santiago de Chile (Buenos Aires, Montevideo, Bogotá, Mexiko-City)
…....
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Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
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SIERC 2016, Massey University, Auckland New Zealand – 11th of February 2016 Antonius Schröder / Jürgen Howaldt, TU Dortmund University - sfs
Global Research Community
Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
“The most urgent and important innovations in the 21st century will take place in the social field. This opens up the necessity as well as possibilities for Social Sciences and Humanities to find new roles and relevance by generating knowledge applicable to new dynamics and structures of contemporary and future societies.”
Vienna Declaration: The most relevant topics in social innovation research
Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtung
www.sfs-dortmund.de [email protected]