Social cultural and gender based constraints to adoption and diffusion - solutions and contexts
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Transcript of Social cultural and gender based constraints to adoption and diffusion - solutions and contexts
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Social, cultural and gender-based constraints to adoption
Haven D. Ley Senior Program Officer, Agricultural Development
Contexts, solutions and what you can do to improve impact
September 1, 2012
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Narrative arc
September 4, 2012 © 2012 Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | 2
Resolution
Tens
ion
Impact
Adoption Gender
Examples Solutions Action
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Focus on the staple crops and livestock with the greatest impact on the poor
Focusing Our Strategy
September 4, 2012 © 2011 Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | 4
Building on the previous work of others
Learning from our work to date
Input from experts, partners,
grantees, donors, farmers, and
critics
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Our theory of how change occurs for farmers
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Challenges to technology adoption
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Focus on adoption has generated new thinking and methodological interests
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§ Context matters more than ever § Geographic § Political § Cultural
§ Centering the farmer § Borrowing from good design processes
Global
Nation
Ecosystem
Community
Farm Family
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September 4, 2012 © 2012 Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | 8
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Poor design may be a supply failure . . .
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. . .but adoption can be simple if demand dictates
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Going a layer deeper. . .
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The resource gap between women and men farmers undermines adoption and agricultural impact
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Ø Women farmers have less access than men to productive assets
Ø Closing this gender
gap could increase yields on their farms by 20–30%, and raise total agricultural output in developing countries by 2.5–4%
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Gender provides an important framework for understanding adoption challenges
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§ Women, typically, have less access to the enablers of adoption: § Land § Credit § Education or information § Labor
§ Preferences in determining beneficial technologies are distinct
§ Women’s preferences are less likely to be taken on board in priority-setting and beta design § Not considered farmers § Political and time constraints § Representation in R & D efforts
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Note: The household economy complicates decisions about adoption
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Who influences design and who adopts as a result?
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Women’s technology preferences align with their household responsibilities
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Good design processes can increase adoption
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Solutions already at work upstream
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§ Linking farmers into the innovation process
§ Training staff on participatory design methods
§ Conducting gender analysis of preferences and responsibilities prior to trait prioritization
§ Increasing women’s representation in priority setting
Jeanie Borlaug Laube Women in Triticum (WIT) Award for early-career women wheat researchers
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Our expectations for good design:
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Ø Analytical research:
Know her
Ø Design measures: Design for her
Ø Feedback and accountability: Be accountable to her
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Thank You
© 2012 Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. All Rights Reserved. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries.