SOCIAL BEHAVIOURMINATI DASLECTURER

COLLEGE OF NURSINGKIIT UNIVERSITYBHUBANESWAR

MEANING OF SOCIAL

• 1-relating to society or its organization.• 2-The term social refers to a characteristic of

living organisms as applied to populations of humans and other animals. It always refers to the interaction of organisms with other organisms and to their collective co-existence, irrespective of whether they are aware of it or not, and irrespective of whether the interaction is voluntary or involuntary.

CONTN…

• 3-an informal social gathering, especially one organized by the members of a particular club or group.

MEANING OF BEHAVIOUR

• 1-the way in which one acts or conducts oneself, especially towards others.

• 2-the way in which an animal or person behaves in response to a particular situation or stimulus.

• 3-” Any manifestation of life is activity” and behavior is a collective name for these activities.

MEANING OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR

• 1-In physiology and sociology, social behavior is behavior directed towards society, or taking place between members of the same species. Behaviors such as predation—which involves members of different species—are not social.

CONTN…

• 2-A behavior is always to be taken transactionally: ie., never as of the organism alone, any more than of the environment alone, but always as of the organic-environmental situation, with organisms and environmental objects taken as equally its aspect. ---- Dewey and Bentley, 1949

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

• DEFINITION:-• 1- Organizational behaviour is a field of study

that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on behaviour within organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving an organization’s effectiveness.

(Stephen p. Robbins)

Contn…

• 2- organizational behaviour is the study and application of knowledge of how people act or behave within an organization.

(keith Davis and John Newstrom)

Concepts of organization behaviour

• Individual difference• Whole person • Caused behaviour• Human dignity• Social systems• Mutuality of interests• Holistic concept

Elements of o.b

Elements of o.b

people

structure

Environment

technical

1- people

• People are the main source of any organization.

• O.b is a field where the study of human beings and their behavior is involved.

2- structure

• Organization is a social system .• Any social system has its own structure and

that could be either formal or informal.• The company is a formal organization.• Informal organization are formed individuals

depending on various factors such as teamwork.

3-environment

• There are two types of environment• 1-internal• 2-external• 1- The internal environment includes ,for

instance, the working environment, individual attitudes etc.

• 2- The external environment comprises factors such as government rules and procedures, customers of the company etc.

4- technology

• This means the materials, equipment, machines and system with which the individuals work.

• The company purchases technological tools for purposes of production and service and this is an important element of an organization behavioral system.

THEORIES OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

• Classified into three categories-• 1- classical doctrine• 2- humanistic school• 3- modern organization theory

1- classical doctrine

• Classical doctrine is the oldest theory in the study of organizations.

• It emphasizes rigid, centralized control of workers to promote high production.

• An institution is very efficient in accoplishing its goal-• 1- frederick taylor:- frederick taylor is considered the

father of classical theory and the father of scientific management.

• He believed high production could be achieved by paying high wages.

Contn..

• 2- Henry Fayol:- Fayol identified 14 principles of m/m and developed Taylor’s ideas(1949) .

• His principles made it clear that production, efficiency and profit were of prime importances, while individuals or workers were of comparatively less importance.

• His principles include-

Contn..

1. division of work 2. authority 3. Discipline4. Unity of command 5. Unity of direction 6. Subordination of individual interest to general interest.7. Remuneration of personnel8. Centralization9. Scalar chain10. Order11. Equity12. Stability of tenure for personnel13. Initiative 14. Esprite de corps

2- humanistic school

• It was the demonstrated lack of concern for workers that led to the formulation of new theory of organization in the 1930.

• The h.t.,also called behavioral or neoclassical theory, identifies two major functions of organizations-

• 1- one maintaining the external balance, that is the economics

• 2- the other maintaining in the internal balance, that is the social org.of the workers through which they stratify their own desires and needs.

3-moden organization theory

• The m.o.t began in the late 1950s as researchers recognizesd that in the humanistic as well as in the classical approach .

• Its consisting of two main approaches-• 1- system• 2- contingency