IN THE NAME OF ALLAH THE MOST MERCIFUL AND

BENEFICIENT

Presentation Of Classical ThoughtPresented To Madam Asma Yunus

BYZarnish Hussain

Roll num 14M.sc Sociology(Regular)

ISCSUniversity Of The Punjab

Topic: SOCIAL ABSTRACTISM IN MODERN SOCIETIES

Theory: SOCIAL EVOLUTION OF SOCIETY(From Millitant To

Industrial)BY

HEBET SPENCER

What Is Meant By Social Abstractism?

The idea SOCIAL ABSTRACTISM is derived from 2 terms SOCIAL &

ABSTRACT

Term SOCIAL means LIVING TOGETHER IN COMMUNITIES OR ORGANISED GROUPS

WhereasTerm ABSTACTISM is derived from word Abstract which means JUST AN IDEA but

when the same word is used with any other word it gives meanings of UNCLEAR, VAGUE or CONFUSING as in word ‘Abstract

Art’so here the word Abstractism is used in the

meanings of Unclarity or Confusion

So the idea Social Abstractism means

THE INTRICATE AND CONFUSING RELATIONSHIP OF SOCIAL

ORGANS OF A SOCIETY

How SOCIAL ABSTRACTISM is a Social Problem?

As we know that a social problem is a problem which is negatively

affecting a societyso Social Abstractism is also

affecting the modern societies by creating confusion and sense of anarchy within their institutions

Before explaining the issue further, it is necessary to explain the

relevant theory because it is easy to understand the issue with the

help of the theory

Theory Of Social Evolution Of Societies BY Herbert Spencer

Spencer has classified societies into 6 types

Simple SocietyCompound Society

Doubly Compound Society

Trebly Compound Society

Millitant Society Industrial Society

Here the social issue Social Abstractism in modern societies is

related to Industrial Societies

The concept of Industrialization And Modernization in a society

refers to Industrial Society

Characteristics Of Industrial Society

Recognition of personal rightsSustaining System Possessing a large degree

of freedomA less rigid class structureLess religious hierarchy and importanceIndividualismDominance of free and contractual type of

human relationshipOpportunity for the growth of free institutions

Co-relation Of Social Abstractism & theory Industrial Society

Although the topic Social Abstractism is so vast that a book can be easily written over it but here I have selected three institutions of modern societies to explain Social Abstractism in them, these are as follows:

FamilyReligionClass System

FAMILYIn the early societies , there was no family

system people used to live in the form of tribes,then groups&after that in the form of proper families(Ref:Khandaan, Zaati Malkiyat Aur Riyasat Ka Aghaaz BY Fredrick Angles) in simple societies there was a simple family system having only one definition but now in this world of modernism there are so many family systems that the institution FAMILY is confusing and not easy to explain

Examples are as follows:Nuclear FamilyExtended FamilyRe-Constituted FamilyLesbian Family etc.This Abstractism in institution FAMILY is a result

of a large degree of freedom & recognition of personal rights in Modern societies as Spencer has pointed out in Industrial society

RELIGIONIn its early form Religion was just limited to

Totemism & Sacrifice of human beings, Deities or Supernatural forces(Ref : Marriage & Exogamy BY Sir James George Frazer)

But as the societies became complicated Religion also changed & today it is present in its very complicated form & with a variety of Religions, which have many complexities in themselves also.

EXAMPLESChristianityHinduismBuddhismIslamJewish etc.The Abstractism is not only due to a variety of

religions in modern world but it is due to the variety of Sects within each religion of this era which has made Religion A confusing institution of modern societies.

This Religious Abstractism results a Less Religious Hierarchy And Importance in the

modern societies as Spencer has pointed out in his classification of Industrial

Society

CLASS SYSTEMIn its earliest form society has no caste or race

system people used to live in the form of groups then tribes after that colonies and in its modern form societies & nations(Ref : Khandaan, Zaati Malkiyat Aur Riyasat Ka Aghaaz BY Fredrick Angels)

So this societal and national system has an institution related to Class Structure named as Caste and Class System.

EXAMPLES

Upper Class Middle Class Lower Class Upper Middle Class Lower Middle Class Lower Lower Middle ClassThis classification of classes creates a lot of anarchy

and confusion in a social system of a society.

This confusion is due to different strata & caste system within a class

system of a society.This Class Abstractism is due to less rigid

class structure in Industrial Society as Spencer`s theory of

Social evolution says.

CONCLUSIONSocial Abstractism is leading society to its more complicated form than that of Industrial society of Spencer & Organic Society of Durkheim. So, this un discussed issue needs a lot of attention of the Sociologists of modern world….

THANK YOU

?????ANY QUESTION???