SNC2D Animal Cells and Tissues

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SNC2D Animal Cells and Tissues

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SNC2D Animal Cells and Tissues. What factors influence cell specialization in Animals?. Take a look on p85 and take a couple of minutes to read the page The contents of the cell’s cytoplasm Environmental conditions (like temperature) The influence of neighbouring cells. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of SNC2D Animal Cells and Tissues

Page 1: SNC2D Animal Cells and Tissues

SNC2D Animal Cells and Tissues

Page 2: SNC2D Animal Cells and Tissues

What factors influence cell specialization in Animals?

• Take a look on p85 and take a couple of minutes to read the page

• The contents of the cell’s cytoplasm

• Environmental conditions (like temperature)

• The influence of neighbouring cells

Page 3: SNC2D Animal Cells and Tissues

The Effect of Cytoplasm on Cell Specialization

• After cytokinesis, the contents of the cytoplasm may differ in each daughter cell

• This helps determine what type of cell it will become

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The Effect of Environmental Conditions on Cell Specialization

• For example, in siamese cats, only cells that develop at cool temperatures produce dark hair colour (this usually occurs at the tips of cat’s feet, tail, ears, and nose)

Page 5: SNC2D Animal Cells and Tissues

The Effect of Neighbouring Cells on Cell Specialization

• When cells are close to each other, substances can diffuse through the cell membrane

• These substances change which genes in DNA gets expressed

• For example, in the embryo of a chick, neighbouring cells influence eye development in a specific location in the embryo

• 16 days embryo

Page 6: SNC2D Animal Cells and Tissues

Chick Development

6 Days 10 Days

16 Days

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Abnormal Development• Chemicals (contaminants

like heavy metals) in the environment can affect an animal’s development

• In humans, 90% of developmental issues can be traced to environmental factors!

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Structural Organization of Multicellular Organisms

atoms↓

molecules↓

organelles ↓

cells ↓

tissues ↓

organ ↓

organ system↓

organism

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ReviewChemical – atoms combine to form moleculesCellular – molecules interact to make up cellsTissue – cells are grouped into tissueOrgan – tissues compose organsOrgan system – organs function together to form

organ systemsOrganism (individual) – made up of the organ

systems

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Levels of Structural OrganizationAtoms

Molecule

Organelle

Cell

Tissue

Organ

Organ System

Organism

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Necessary Life Functions• Ideas?• Maintaining boundaries

– Cellular level – accomplished by plasma membranes

– Organism level – accomplished by the skin)

• Movement • Responsiveness• Digestion• Metabolism• Excretion• Reproduction • Growth

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Cells that have the same Function form Tissues

• Despite there being millions of different organisms, there are only a few different types of tissues!

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What are the different tissues?• Find out for yourself! Fill in your chart of Animal Tissues

using the hand out• For homework, answer questions p76 #2-5 (on the

Nelson Textbook Handout)