Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Alarm Inspection Requirements for One and Two Family Dwellings Office of...

Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Alarm Inspection Requirements Alarm Inspection Requirements

for One and Two Family Dwellingsfor One and Two Family Dwellings

Office of the State Fire Marshal Office of the State Fire Marshal Department of Fire ServicesDepartment of Fire Services

Presentation Scope:Presentation Scope:

This program will outline the inspection This program will outline the inspection requirements for smoke and carbon monoxide requirements for smoke and carbon monoxide (CO) alarms in one and two family dwellings as (CO) alarms in one and two family dwellings as it relates to MGL c. 148 s. 26F, 26F ½, 527 it relates to MGL c. 148 s. 26F, 26F ½, 527 CMR 31, and 527 CMR 32. CMR 31, and 527 CMR 32.

Included in the program will be a review of the Included in the program will be a review of the recently adopted 7th Edition One and Two recently adopted 7th Edition One and Two Family Dwelling Code (780 CMR).Family Dwelling Code (780 CMR).

Smoke & CO Alarm Inspection Smoke & CO Alarm Inspection RequirementsRequirements

One and Two Family Dwellings Only:One and Two Family Dwellings Only:

Single Family:Single Family: Duplexes:Duplexes:

Smoke & CO Alarm Inspection Smoke & CO Alarm Inspection RequirementsRequirements

The presentation does The presentation does NOTNOT cover multiple cover multiple family dwellings:family dwellings:

One and Two Family Dwellings One and Two Family Dwellings Subject to MGL c. 148 s. 26F Subject to MGL c. 148 s. 26F

MGL c. 148 s. 26FMGL c. 148 s. 26F

Residential buildings or structures; Residential buildings or structures; equipping with smoke detectors upon equipping with smoke detectors upon

sale or transfer sale or transfer

MGL c. 148 s. 26FMGL c. 148 s. 26F

All buildings or structures occupied in whole or in part All buildings or structures occupied in whole or in part for residential purposes and not regulated by sections for residential purposes and not regulated by sections 26A, 26B or 26C shall, upon the sale or transfer of such 26A, 26B or 26C shall, upon the sale or transfer of such building or structure, be equipped by the seller with building or structure, be equipped by the seller with approved smoke detectors as provided in section 26E. approved smoke detectors as provided in section 26E.

The head of the fire department shall enforce the The head of the fire department shall enforce the provisions of this section. The provisions of section 30 provisions of this section. The provisions of section 30 shall not apply to this section.shall not apply to this section.

What are Sections. 26A, What are Sections. 26A, 26B, and 26C?26B, and 26C?

• Section 26A:Section 26A:Sprinkler systems in high-rises.Sprinkler systems in high-rises.

• Section 26B:Section 26B:– Residential buildings must have a automatic fire warning Residential buildings must have a automatic fire warning

system as required in the Massachusetts State Building system as required in the Massachusetts State Building Code (MSBC – 780 CMR).Code (MSBC – 780 CMR).

• Section 26C:Section 26C:– Smoke/heat detectors in apartment houses containing 6 or Smoke/heat detectors in apartment houses containing 6 or

more dwelling units, hotels, boarding or lodging houses, more dwelling units, hotels, boarding or lodging houses,

or or family hotelsfamily hotels..

MGL c. 148 s. 26BMGL c. 148 s. 26B

Every building Every building ≤ 70’≤ 70’ in height above the mean grade in height above the mean grade erected or substantially altered to be occupied for erected or substantially altered to be occupied for residential purposes shall be protected with an residential purposes shall be protected with an approved automatic fire warning system in approved automatic fire warning system in accordance with the provisions of the state building accordance with the provisions of the state building codecode. Such system shall include the features of . Such system shall include the features of automatic smoke detection in conjunction with the automatic smoke detection in conjunction with the approved fire detection devices. approved fire detection devices.

The head of the fire department as defined in section The head of the fire department as defined in section one shall enforce the provisions of this section. one shall enforce the provisions of this section.

MSBCMSBC

MSBC was first adopted on January 1MSBC was first adopted on January 1stst, 1975. , 1975. - - It was the 2It was the 2ndnd Edition. Edition.- There was never a 1- There was never a 1stst Edition. Edition.

Since 1975 there has always been a MSBC in Since 1975 there has always been a MSBC in effect. effect.

Only residential structures built prior to 1975, Only residential structures built prior to 1975, and not substantially altered to constitute new and not substantially altered to constitute new are subject to MGL c. 148 s. 26E.are subject to MGL c. 148 s. 26E.

MGL c. 148 s. 26EMGL c. 148 s. 26E

(a) All one and two family dwellings occupied in (a) All one and two family dwellings occupied in whole or in part for residential purposes and not whole or in part for residential purposes and not regulated by section 26A or 26B shall be regulated by section 26A or 26B shall be equipped with approved smoke detectors. equipped with approved smoke detectors.

MGL c. 148 s. 26EMGL c. 148 s. 26E

Owners of such buildings or structures shall Owners of such buildings or structures shall install either an approved monitored battery install either an approved monitored battery powered smoke detector or an approved primary powered smoke detector or an approved primary power smoke detector power smoke detector on each level of habitationon each level of habitation and and on the basement levelon the basement level; provided, however, ; provided, however, that the head of the fire department shall allow that the head of the fire department shall allow the installation of approved monitored battery the installation of approved monitored battery powered smoke detectors.powered smoke detectors.

MGL c. 148 s. 26EMGL c. 148 s. 26E

Such approved smoke detectors shall be installed Such approved smoke detectors shall be installed in the followingin the following manner; an approved smoke manner; an approved smoke detector shall be installed detector shall be installed on the ceiling of each on the ceiling of each stairway leading to the floor above, near the base stairway leading to the floor above, near the base of, but not within each stairwayof, but not within each stairway and an approved and an approved smoke detector shall be installed smoke detector shall be installed outside each outside each separate sleeping areaseparate sleeping area..

MGL c. 148 s. 26E SummaryMGL c. 148 s. 26E Summary

Approved smoke detectors shall be installed on: Approved smoke detectors shall be installed on: -- Each level of habitation.Each level of habitation.

On the ceiling of each stairway leading to On the ceiling of each stairway leading to the floor above, near the base of, but not the floor above, near the base of, but not within each stairway.within each stairway.

-- The basement level. The basement level. On the ceiling of each stairway leading to On the ceiling of each stairway leading to the floor above, near the base of, but not the floor above, near the base of, but not within each stairway.within each stairway.

-- Outside each separate sleeping area.Outside each separate sleeping area.

MGL c. 148 s. 26DMGL c. 148 s. 26D

As used in this section and sections 26E and 26F the As used in this section and sections 26E and 26F the following terms shall have the following meanings following terms shall have the following meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:— unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:—

MGL c. 148 s. 26DMGL c. 148 s. 26D

Approved monitored battery power smoke detectorApproved monitored battery power smoke detector shall be a smoke detector which is activated by a battery shall be a smoke detector which is activated by a battery power source provided that the battery is monitored to power source provided that the battery is monitored to assure that the following conditions are met: assure that the following conditions are met: (a) a distinctive audible trouble signal is given before the battery (a) a distinctive audible trouble signal is given before the battery is incapable of operating the device for alarm purposes, and that is incapable of operating the device for alarm purposes, and that such audible trouble signal is produced at least once every minute such audible trouble signal is produced at least once every minute for seven consecutive days, and for seven consecutive days, and (b) the unit is capable of producing an alarm signal for at least (b) the unit is capable of producing an alarm signal for at least four continuous minutes at the battery voltage at which a trouble four continuous minutes at the battery voltage at which a trouble signal is normally obtained followed by seven days of trouble signal is normally obtained followed by seven days of trouble signal operation, and signal operation, and (c) the monitored batteries meeting these specifications are (c) the monitored batteries meeting these specifications are clearly identified on the unit near the battery compartment.clearly identified on the unit near the battery compartment.

MGL c. 148 s. 26DMGL c. 148 s. 26D

Approved primary power smoke detectorApproved primary power smoke detector shall be a shall be a smoke detector which is activated by being permanently smoke detector which is activated by being permanently wired to a source of alternating current electric power or wired to a source of alternating current electric power or connected to a source of alternating current electric connected to a source of alternating current electric power by an UL approved cord with a strain relief and power by an UL approved cord with a strain relief and plug retainer; provided, that: plug retainer; provided, that: (a) all power supplies shall be sufficient to operate the (a) all power supplies shall be sufficient to operate the alarm signal for at least 4 continuous minutes, and alarm signal for at least 4 continuous minutes, and (b) all such detector systems shall be installed in (b) all such detector systems shall be installed in accordance with the Massachusetts Electrical Code.accordance with the Massachusetts Electrical Code.

MGL c. 148 s. 26DMGL c. 148 s. 26D

Separate sleeping areaSeparate sleeping area shall mean the area or shall mean the area or areas of the dwelling unit in which the areas of the dwelling unit in which the bedrooms, or sleeping rooms, are located. bedrooms, or sleeping rooms, are located.

Bedrooms, or sleeping rooms, separated by other Bedrooms, or sleeping rooms, separated by other use areas such as kitchens or living rooms, but use areas such as kitchens or living rooms, but not bathrooms, shall be considered as separate not bathrooms, shall be considered as separate sleeping areas.sleeping areas.

Detector ExampleDetector Example

SDSD

SDSD

SDSD


SDSD


SDSD

SDSD


SDSD

SDSD

SDSD

SDSD

One and Two Family Dwellings One and Two Family Dwellings Subject to MGL c. 148 s. 26F½ Subject to MGL c. 148 s. 26F½

MGL c. 148 s. 26F½ MGL c. 148 s. 26F½

a) Every dwelling, building or structure, occupied in a) Every dwelling, building or structure, occupied in whole or in part for residential purposes, that: (1) whole or in part for residential purposes, that: (1) contains fossil-fuel burning equipment including, but contains fossil-fuel burning equipment including, but not limited to, a furnace, boiler, water heater, fireplace not limited to, a furnace, boiler, water heater, fireplace or any other apparatus, appliance or device that burns or any other apparatus, appliance or device that burns fossil fuel; or (2) incorporates enclosed parking within fossil fuel; or (2) incorporates enclosed parking within its structure shall be equipped by the owner with its structure shall be equipped by the owner with working, approved carbon monoxide alarms in working, approved carbon monoxide alarms in conformance with the requirements of the board of fire conformance with the requirements of the board of fire prevention regulations. prevention regulations.

MGL c. 148 s. 26F½ MGL c. 148 s. 26F½

(b) The board of fire prevention regulations shall (b) The board of fire prevention regulations shall promulgate such regulations as may be necessary to promulgate such regulations as may be necessary to effectuate this section including, but not limited to, the effectuate this section including, but not limited to, the type, installation, location, maintenance and type, installation, location, maintenance and inspectional requirements of carbon monoxide alarms. inspectional requirements of carbon monoxide alarms.

MGL c. 148 s. 26F½ MGL c. 148 s. 26F½

(c) Every dwelling, building or structure, occupied in (c) Every dwelling, building or structure, occupied in whole or in part for residential purposes, shall, upon whole or in part for residential purposes, shall, upon sale or transfer of such dwelling, building or structure, sale or transfer of such dwelling, building or structure, be inspected by the head of the fire department for be inspected by the head of the fire department for compliance with the requirements of this section. compliance with the requirements of this section.

MGL c. 148 s. 26F½ MGL c. 148 s. 26F½

(d) The state building code may impose stricter carbon (d) The state building code may impose stricter carbon monoxide alarm requirements for new construction or monoxide alarm requirements for new construction or dwellings, buildings, or structures substantially dwellings, buildings, or structures substantially renovated so as to constitute the equivalent of new renovated so as to constitute the equivalent of new construction. Every such dwelling building or structure, construction. Every such dwelling building or structure, occupied in whole or in part for residential purposes, occupied in whole or in part for residential purposes, shall, upon sale or transfer of such dwelling, building or shall, upon sale or transfer of such dwelling, building or structure, be inspected by the head of the fire structure, be inspected by the head of the fire department for compliance with the carbon monoxide department for compliance with the carbon monoxide alarm requirements of the state building code in effect alarm requirements of the state building code in effect on the date of the issuance of the relevant building on the date of the issuance of the relevant building permit. permit.

MGL c. 148 s. 26F½ MGL c. 148 s. 26F½

(e) The head of the fire department shall enforce this (e) The head of the fire department shall enforce this section. section.

(f) The department of public health shall promulgate (f) The department of public health shall promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to such rules and regulations as may be necessary to effectuate subsection (a) into the state sanitary code as effectuate subsection (a) into the state sanitary code as established under section 127A of chapter 111.established under section 127A of chapter 111.

527 CMR 31.00 – CO Alarms527 CMR 31.00 – CO Alarms

527 CMR 31.01 –Purpose and Scope527 CMR 31.01 –Purpose and Scope

The purpose of 527 CMR 31.00 is to provide minimum The purpose of 527 CMR 31.00 is to provide minimum requirements for the type, installation, location, requirements for the type, installation, location, maintenance, and inspection of carbon monoxide alarms maintenance, and inspection of carbon monoxide alarms in every dwelling, building or structure in accordance in every dwelling, building or structure in accordance with the provisions of MGL c. 148 s. 26F½. with the provisions of MGL c. 148 s. 26F½.

527 CMR 31.01 –Purpose and Scope527 CMR 31.01 –Purpose and Scope

527 CMR 31.00 shall apply to every dwelling, building 527 CMR 31.00 shall apply to every dwelling, building or structure including those owned and operated by the or structure including those owned and operated by the Commonwealth, occupied in whole or in part for Commonwealth, occupied in whole or in part for residential purposes, that:residential purposes, that:

(a) contains fossil-fuel burning equipment or(a) contains fossil-fuel burning equipment or(b) incorporates enclosed parking within its (b) incorporates enclosed parking within its

structure.structure.

527 CMR 31.02 – Definitions527 CMR 31.02 – Definitions

CO Alarm Protection shall mean CO alarm protection CO Alarm Protection shall mean CO alarm protection that may consist of either:that may consist of either:

(a) battery powered and wireless appliances, or(a) battery powered and wireless appliances, or(b) ac plug-in with battery back up, or(b) ac plug-in with battery back up, or(c) ac primary power source with battery back up, or(c) ac primary power source with battery back up, or(d) low voltage or wireless systems with secondary (d) low voltage or wireless systems with secondary

power, orpower, or(e) Combination Appliance.(e) Combination Appliance.


At a minimum, all such CO Alarm Protection At a minimum, all such CO Alarm Protection equipment shall operate as a Single Station Alarm equipment shall operate as a Single Station Alarm Device or Single Station CO Alarm.Device or Single Station CO Alarm.


Combination Appliance –Combination Appliance –Shall mean a combination photoelectric smoke detector Shall mean a combination photoelectric smoke detector and CO alarm which may be battery or ac powered with and CO alarm which may be battery or ac powered with battery back up.battery back up.

A combination ionization detector and carbon monoxide A combination ionization detector and carbon monoxide alarm which may be battery or ac powered, with battery alarm which may be battery or ac powered, with battery back up, may be utilized if it is installed not less thanback up, may be utilized if it is installed not less than20’ from any bathroom or kitchen entryway. 20’ from any bathroom or kitchen entryway.


Combination Appliance –Combination Appliance –

Such Combination Appliances shall employ bothSuch Combination Appliances shall employ bothsimulated voice and tone alarm features which clearly simulated voice and tone alarm features which clearly distinguishes between CO and smoke notification, in distinguishes between CO and smoke notification, in accordance with NFPA 720: 5.3.4.accordance with NFPA 720: 5.3.4.


Dwelling Unit –Dwelling Unit –A single unit providing facilities for living and sleeping.A single unit providing facilities for living and sleeping.

Habitable –Habitable –Shall mean that portion of a cellar, basement or attic Shall mean that portion of a cellar, basement or attic that is designed, used or furnished for living purposes.that is designed, used or furnished for living purposes.


Enclosed Parking –Enclosed Parking –

A structure or an area or room, or floor or level thereof, A structure or an area or room, or floor or level thereof, enclosed within an the overall building or structure or enclosed within an the overall building or structure or attached thereto that is designed or used for the parking attached thereto that is designed or used for the parking of vehicles and does not comply with the minimum of vehicles and does not comply with the minimum exterior wall opening requirements in 780 CMRexterior wall opening requirements in 780 CMR406.1.1: 406.1.1: Open Parking Structure Open Parking Structure (MSBC – 6(MSBC – 6thth Edition). Edition).


Fossil Fuel Burning Equipment –Fossil Fuel Burning Equipment –

Any device, apparatus or appliance which is designed or Any device, apparatus or appliance which is designed or used to consume fuel of any kind which emits CO used to consume fuel of any kind which emits CO monoxide as a by-product of combustion.monoxide as a by-product of combustion.


NFPA 720 –NFPA 720 –Shall mean National Fire Protection Association Shall mean National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 720 entitled “Standard for the Installation of (NFPA) 720 entitled “Standard for the Installation of Carbon Monoxide (CO) Warning Equipment in Carbon Monoxide (CO) Warning Equipment in Dwelling Units”, 2005 Edition.Dwelling Units”, 2005 Edition.

Note: Although not enforceable by 527 CMR, the Note: Although not enforceable by 527 CMR, the 2009 NFPA 720 has been published.2009 NFPA 720 has been published.


Residential Structures –Residential Structures –

Shall include any dwelling, building or structure Shall include any dwelling, building or structure classified as use group R-1 with six or less dwelling classified as use group R-1 with six or less dwelling units or R-2 through R-5, as defined in 780 CMR (6units or R-2 through R-5, as defined in 780 CMR (6 thth Edition) and those unclassified occupancies that have Edition) and those unclassified occupancies that have the same characteristics as a R-1 use group with less the same characteristics as a R-1 use group with less than six dwelling units or R-2 through R-5.than six dwelling units or R-2 through R-5.

527 CMR 31.03 – General Provisions527 CMR 31.03 – General Provisions

(4) The installation of CO detectors in accordance with (4) The installation of CO detectors in accordance with 527 CMR 30.00, relating to certain Unvented 527 CMR 30.00, relating to certain Unvented

Propane or Natural Gas-fired Space Heaters, if Propane or Natural Gas-fired Space Heaters, if applicable, shall satisfy the requirements of 527 applicable, shall satisfy the requirements of 527 CMR 31.00 for that level on which such heater is CMR 31.00 for that level on which such heater is located, provided the installation complies with 527 located, provided the installation complies with 527

CMR 31.04(1)(a) and (b).CMR 31.04(1)(a) and (b).


(5) The installation of CO detectors in accordance with (5) The installation of CO detectors in accordance with 248 CMR, The Commonwealth of Massachusetts 248 CMR, The Commonwealth of Massachusetts Fuel Gas and Plumbing Code, if applicable, shall Fuel Gas and Plumbing Code, if applicable, shall satisfy the requirements of 527 CMR 31.00 for that satisfy the requirements of 527 CMR 31.00 for that level on which the direct vented gas appliance is level on which the direct vented gas appliance is located, provided the installation complies with 527 located, provided the installation complies with 527 CMR 31.04(1)(a) and (b).CMR 31.04(1)(a) and (b).


(6) Effective December 1, 2006, a permit shall be (6) Effective December 1, 2006, a permit shall be obtained from the Head of the Fire Department for obtained from the Head of the Fire Department for all all installations which employ one or more of the CO installations which employ one or more of the CO Alarm protection options (technical options) listed in Alarm protection options (technical options) listed in 527 CMR 31.05. 527 CMR 31.05.

The Marshal shall prescribe a uniform applicationThe Marshal shall prescribe a uniform applicationform for such permit.form for such permit.

527 CMR 31.04 – Specific Installation 527 CMR 31.04 – Specific Installation ProvisionsProvisions

(1) Residential Structures. (1) Residential Structures.

Effective March 31, 2006, every Residential Effective March 31, 2006, every Residential Structure that presently or in the future contains Structure that presently or in the future contains Fossil Fuel Burning Equipment or has enclosed Fossil Fuel Burning Equipment or has enclosed parking shall be equipped, by the owner, landlord or parking shall be equipped, by the owner, landlord or

superintendent, with working and Listed CO Alarm superintendent, with working and Listed CO Alarm Protection.Protection.


(a) CO Alarm Protection shall be located in each level (a) CO Alarm Protection shall be located in each level

of each Dwelling Unit including Habitable portions of each Dwelling Unit including Habitable portions of basements, cellars and attics, but not including of basements, cellars and attics, but not including crawl spaces.crawl spaces.

The installation of said unit shall be located in The installation of said unit shall be located in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.


(b) When mounting CO Alarm Protection on a level of a (b) When mounting CO Alarm Protection on a level of a

Dwelling Unit with a sleeping area, the alarm shall Dwelling Unit with a sleeping area, the alarm shall be installed in the immediate vicinity of the sleeping be installed in the immediate vicinity of the sleeping area.area.

At a minimum, the alarm shall be located outside of At a minimum, the alarm shall be located outside of any bedroom, but shall not exceed 10’ as measured any bedroom, but shall not exceed 10’ as measured in in any direction from any bedroom door.any direction from any bedroom door.


COCO


COCO

≤≤10’10’

≤≤10’10’

≤≤10’10’

Smoke and CO Alarm Smoke and CO Alarm Requirements Inspection for Requirements Inspection for New* One and Two Family New* One and Two Family

DwellingsDwellings

* - Built under the provisions of the MSBC - 7* - Built under the provisions of the MSBC - 7thth Edition. Edition.

Smoke and CO Alarm Smoke and CO Alarm Requirements For New One Requirements For New One and Two Family Dwellingsand Two Family Dwellings

Requirements are in:Requirements are in:

Massachusetts Building Code for One and Massachusetts Building Code for One and Two Family DwellingsTwo Family Dwellings

- Volume II of the 7- Volume II of the 7thth Edition of the MSBC Edition of the MSBC- 780 CMR Chapters: 51.00 thru 93.00,- 780 CMR Chapters: 51.00 thru 93.00,100.00, 110.00, 120.00100.00, 110.00, 120.00..

-- Formerly 780 CMR 36.00Formerly 780 CMR 36.00

Massachusetts Building Code for Massachusetts Building Code for One and Two Family Dwellings:One and Two Family Dwellings:

-- Adopted by the BBRS (Board of Adopted by the BBRS (Board of Building Regulations and Standards) Building Regulations and Standards) on April 1on April 1stst, 2007., 2007.

- Concurrent Enforcement with the - Concurrent Enforcement with the 66thth Edition until December 31 Edition until December 31stst, 2007 , 2007 (Permit holder decided which code to (Permit holder decided which code to

use).use).

- All permits issued after January 1- All permits issued after January 1stst, 2008 , 2008 must comply with the 7must comply with the 7thth Edition. Edition.

ScopeScope

• 5101.25101.2 – The provisions of 780 CMR 51.00 – The provisions of 780 CMR 51.00 through 99.00 shall apply to through 99.00 shall apply to detacheddetached one one and two family dwellings, not more than and two family dwellings, not more than three stories in height with separate means three stories in height with separate means of egress.of egress.– Others must comply with the main body of the Others must comply with the main body of the

SBC.SBC.• Multiple attached one and two family dwellings.Multiple attached one and two family dwellings.

TownhousesTownhouses

• 5317.25317.2 – For other than one and two family – For other than one and two family dwellings, refer to all applicable construction dwellings, refer to all applicable construction requirements of the 6requirements of the 6thth Edition of the MSBC. Edition of the MSBC.

TownhousesTownhouses

Construction DocumentsConstruction Documents

• 5110.75110.7 – When the application – When the application contains fire protection systems, contains fire protection systems, the Building Official (BO) the Building Official (BO) shallshall transmit one set of construction transmit one set of construction documents to the Head of the local documents to the Head of the local Fire Department (FD) for his file, Fire Department (FD) for his file, review and approval of the fire review and approval of the fire protection systems in 5313.00 and protection systems in 5313.00 and 93.00. 93.00.


• 5110.75110.7 (cont.) – The FD (cont.) – The FD shallshall within within 10 10 working daysworking days from the receipt by him, from the receipt by him, approve or disapprove such construction approve or disapprove such construction documents.documents.

• Upon request of the FD, the BO Upon request of the FD, the BO maymay grant one or more extensions of time for grant one or more extensions of time for such review, however, that the total such review, however, that the total review time shall not exceed review time shall not exceed 30 30 calendar dayscalendar days..


• 5110.75110.7 (cont.) – If an approval, (cont.) – If an approval, disapproval, or request for extension of disapproval, or request for extension of time is not received by the BO within 10 time is not received by the BO within 10 working days, working days, the BO may deem the the BO may deem the FPS implicitly approved by the FDFPS implicitly approved by the FD..


• 5110.75110.7 (cont.) – If the FD disapproves (cont.) – If the FD disapproves the construction documents, he shall the construction documents, he shall notify the BO, notify the BO, in writingin writing, citing the , citing the relevant 780 CMR (and/or Referenced relevant 780 CMR (and/or Referenced Standards) sections of noncompliance.Standards) sections of noncompliance.

Massachusetts General Law (MGL) c.148 § Massachusetts General Law (MGL) c.148 § 28A28A


• 5110.75110.7 – At a minimum, – At a minimum, construction documents shall construction documents shall include the following:include the following:#3. Floor plans (including basement and #3. Floor plans (including basement and

attic levels, if applicable); attic levels, if applicable); floor plans floor plans shall include location of all shall include location of all required fire protection systems required fire protection systems and heating systems storage and heating systems storage areas.areas.


• 5115.95115.9 - …Whenever an inspector from - …Whenever an inspector from any agency or department observes an any agency or department observes an apparent or actual violation of some apparent or actual violation of some provision of some law, ordinance or provision of some law, ordinance or code not within the inspector’s authority code not within the inspector’s authority to enforce, the inspector shall report the to enforce, the inspector shall report the findings to the BO.findings to the BO.– MGL c.148 § 28AMGL c.148 § 28A

AppealsAppeals

• 5122.15122.1 – Appeal from the actions – Appeal from the actions of FD enforcing 780 CMR, MGL of FD enforcing 780 CMR, MGL c.148 c.148 § 26B is to the State Building § 26B is to the State Building Code Appeals Board or the local or Code Appeals Board or the local or regional building code appeals regional building code appeals board.board.

• 5313.005313.00Household Fire Warning Systems Household Fire Warning Systems

(5313.2)(5313.2)- Smoke Alarms/Detectors- Smoke Alarms/Detectors

Heat Detectors (5313.3)Heat Detectors (5313.3)CO Alarms/Detectors (5313.4)CO Alarms/Detectors (5313.4)Fire Sprinkler Systems (5313.5)Fire Sprinkler Systems (5313.5)

Life Safety SystemsLife Safety Systems

•5313.15313.1 – Combination Appliance – Combination Appliance shall shall mean a combination photoelectric smoke mean a combination photoelectric smoke detector and CO alarm appliance which is detector and CO alarm appliance which is AC powered with battery backup. Such AC powered with battery backup. Such combination appliance shall employ combination appliance shall employ bothboth simulated voice and tone alarms features simulated voice and tone alarms features which clearly distinguishes between CO and which clearly distinguishes between CO and smoke notification, in accordance with smoke notification, in accordance with NFPA 720: 5.3.4.NFPA 720: 5.3.4.

DefinitionsDefinitions

• 5313.15313.1 – Smoke Detector – Smoke Detector is a listed is a listed device that senses visible or invisible device that senses visible or invisible particles of combustion. Only photoelectric particles of combustion. Only photoelectric or combination photoelectric/ionization type or combination photoelectric/ionization type smoke detectors shall be permitted. smoke detectors shall be permitted.

DefinitionsDefinitions

Household Fire Warning Household Fire Warning SystemsSystems

• 5313.2.15313.2.1 – The household fire warning – The household fire warning system shall be single or multiple-system shall be single or multiple-station or of the system type.station or of the system type.

Where more than 12 smoke alarms are Where more than 12 smoke alarms are installed, system-type devices must be installed, system-type devices must be utilized.utilized.

– 2002 NFPA 72: 11.8.2.22002 NFPA 72: 11.8.2.2

InterconnectionInterconnection

• 5313.2.35313.2.3 – When more than one code- – When more than one code-required detector must be installed, the required detector must be installed, the code-required detectors shall be code-required detectors shall be compatible and interconnected in such compatible and interconnected in such a manner that the actuation of one a manner that the actuation of one detector will activate all of the audible detector will activate all of the audible alarms.alarms.

Audible Alarm IntensityAudible Alarm Intensity

• 5313.2.45313.2.4 – All required alarm sounding – All required alarm sounding appliances shall have a minimum rating of appliances shall have a minimum rating of 85 dBA at 10 ft. 85 dBA at 10 ft.

Where audible appliances are installed to Where audible appliances are installed to provide signals for sleeping areas, they provide signals for sleeping areas, they shall have a sound level of at least 75 dBA shall have a sound level of at least 75 dBA measured at the pillow level in the sleeping measured at the pillow level in the sleeping area.area.

Primary Power SourcePrimary Power Source

• 5313.2.5.15313.2.5.1 – Primary electrical power – Primary electrical power for single and multiple-station devices for single and multiple-station devices shall be supplied from a permanently shall be supplied from a permanently wired connection directly to an AC wired connection directly to an AC primary source of power. Can be primary source of power. Can be either:either:

– Dedicated locked branch circuit, Dedicated locked branch circuit, oror– A single branch circuit, which also A single branch circuit, which also

provides other electrical service to a provides other electrical service to a habitable space.habitable space.

Primary Power SourcePrimary Power Source

• 5313.2.5.25313.2.5.2 – Primary electrical power for a – Primary electrical power for a system-type household fire warning system system-type household fire warning system that include shall be powered from a that include shall be powered from a permanently wired AC primary power permanently wired AC primary power source. Can be either:source. Can be either:

– Dedicated locked branch circuit, Dedicated locked branch circuit, oror– An unswitched portion of a branch circuit also An unswitched portion of a branch circuit also

used for power and lighting of a habitable used for power and lighting of a habitable space.space.

Exception: Exception: Wireless systems per NFPA 72.Wireless systems per NFPA 72.

Secondary Power SourceSecondary Power Source

• 5313.2.5.35313.2.5.3 – All household fire warning – All household fire warning systems shall have secondary (standby) systems shall have secondary (standby) power supplied from monitored batteries.power supplied from monitored batteries.

For fire alarm control units (panels), the For fire alarm control units (panels), the panel battery shall serve as the source of panel battery shall serve as the source of secondary electrical power.secondary electrical power.

For wireless systems, the panel battery For wireless systems, the panel battery shall serve as the source of secondary shall serve as the source of secondary electrical power.electrical power.

Acceptance TestingAcceptance Testing

• 5313.2.65313.2.6 – When the installation of the – When the installation of the household fire warning systems is household fire warning systems is complete, it shall be subject to a 100% complete, it shall be subject to a 100% acceptance test in accordance with 780 acceptance test in accordance with 780 CMR 5313 and NFPA 72.CMR 5313 and NFPA 72.

MaintenanceMaintenance

• 5313.2.75313.2.7 – It shall be responsibility of the – It shall be responsibility of the owner to properly maintain the household owner to properly maintain the household fire warning system in accordance with fire warning system in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations and manufacturer’s recommendations and NFPA 72.NFPA 72.

Manufactured HomesManufactured Homes

• 5313.2.85313.2.8 - Manufactured housing is - Manufactured housing is controlled via a HUD “Building Code” and controlled via a HUD “Building Code” and initial, “out-of-the-factory” fire initial, “out-of-the-factory” fire detection/fire warning systems are not detection/fire warning systems are not dictated by the Massachusetts State dictated by the Massachusetts State Building Code.Building Code.

SSmmoke Detector Locations oke Detector Locations within the Dwelling Unitwithin the Dwelling Unit

• 5313.2.95313.2.9 – Smoke detectors shall be – Smoke detectors shall be installed in the following locations:installed in the following locations:

– In each bedroom.In each bedroom.– Outside the bedroom in immediate Outside the bedroom in immediate

vicinity of the bedroom.vicinity of the bedroom.– Near the base of all stairs leading to Near the base of all stairs leading to

occupied floors. occupied floors.

SSmmoke Detector Locations oke Detector Locations within the Dwelling Unitwithin the Dwelling Unit

• 5313.2.95313.2.9 (cont.) – Smoke detectors shall (cont.) – Smoke detectors shall be installed in the following locations:be installed in the following locations:

– Each additional story of the dwelling, Each additional story of the dwelling, including basements and cellars but not including basements and cellars but not crawl spaces and unoccupied attics.crawl spaces and unoccupied attics.

– For each 1,200 ftFor each 1,200 ft22 of area or part thereof. of area or part thereof.• Detectors count for that floor only.Detectors count for that floor only.• Bedroom and hallway detectors fulfill the Bedroom and hallway detectors fulfill the

area requirements.area requirements.• Each detector counts for 1,200 ftEach detector counts for 1,200 ft22..

SSmmoke Detector Locations in oke Detector Locations in Common Areas of Two Family Common Areas of Two Family

DwellingsDwellings

• 5313.2.105313.2.10 – Two family dwellings that – Two family dwellings that contain common areas (basements,interior contain common areas (basements,interior stairways that serve both units) shall also stairways that serve both units) shall also be provided with smoke detectors in the be provided with smoke detectors in the following locations:following locations:– All common basements.All common basements.– All common hallways.All common hallways.– All common stairways.All common stairways.


DwellingsDwellings

• 5313.2.105313.2.10 (cont.)(cont.) – –

– When common area smoke detectors are When common area smoke detectors are single/multiple station type they shall be single/multiple station type they shall be interconnected with listed compatible interconnected with listed compatible heat detectors containing a sounding heat detectors containing a sounding device within each dwelling unit.device within each dwelling unit.• A heat detector must be installed on each A heat detector must be installed on each

level of the dwelling unit.level of the dwelling unit.


DwellingsDwellings

• 5313.2.105313.2.10 (cont.)(cont.) – –

– When common area smoke detectors are When common area smoke detectors are system type, there shall be at least one system type, there shall be at least one system type alarm notification device system type alarm notification device installed on each level of the dwelling installed on each level of the dwelling unit.unit.

Photoelectric SPhotoelectric Smmoke Detectorsoke Detectors

• 5313.2.115313.2.11 (cont.)– Any smoke detector (cont.)– Any smoke detector located within 20’ of a kitchen or a located within 20’ of a kitchen or a bathroom shall be a photoelectric smoke bathroom shall be a photoelectric smoke detector.detector.

Photoelectric smoke detectors shall be Photoelectric smoke detectors shall be allowed to be located closer than 3 ft. allowed to be located closer than 3 ft. horizontally from a kitchen or a bathroom horizontally from a kitchen or a bathroom door when hallway or other room size door when hallway or other room size restricts detector mounting options.restricts detector mounting options.- Bathroom without a tub, shower, jacuzzi, etc… - Bathroom without a tub, shower, jacuzzi, etc…

SSmmoke Detectors Placementoke Detectors Placement

• 5313.2.125313.2.12 – Smoke detector shall be – Smoke detector shall be mounted on the ceiling at least 4” from a mounted on the ceiling at least 4” from a wall or on a wall with the top of the alarm wall or on a wall with the top of the alarm not less than 4” nor more than 12” below not less than 4” nor more than 12” below the ceiling.the ceiling.

Exception:Exception:- Peaked ceilings per 2002 NFPA 72: 11.8.3.2.- Peaked ceilings per 2002 NFPA 72: 11.8.3.2.

- Sloped ceilings per 2002 NFPA 72: 11.8.3.3.- Sloped ceilings per 2002 NFPA 72: 11.8.3.3.


2002 NFPA 72: Figure A 11.8.3.22002 NFPA 72: Figure A 11.8.3.2


2002 NFPA 72: Figure A 11.8.3.32002 NFPA 72: Figure A 11.8.3.3

SSmmoke Detectors in Existing oke Detectors in Existing DwellingsDwellings

• 5313.2.135313.2.13 – See 780 CMR 93.00 – See 780 CMR 93.00

Heat DetectorsHeat Detectors

• 5313.3.15313.3.1 – A single heat detector listed for – A single heat detector listed for the ambient environment shall be installed:the ambient environment shall be installed:– In any integral garage or attached In any integral garage or attached

garage.garage.– A new addition attached garage to an A new addition attached garage to an

existing dwelling shall require a single existing dwelling shall require a single heat detector installed in the garage.heat detector installed in the garage.

• If the house contains a fire detection system If the house contains a fire detection system that is compatible with the garage heat that is compatible with the garage heat detector, then the heat detector shall be detector, then the heat detector shall be interconnected to the existing system.interconnected to the existing system.

Heat DetectorsHeat Detectors

• 5313.3.15313.3.1 (cont.) – (cont.) –• If the house contains a fire detection system If the house contains a fire detection system

that is that is notnot compatible with the garage heat compatible with the garage heat detector, then the heat detector shall be detector, then the heat detector shall be connected to an audible notification connected to an audible notification appliance located in the dwelling and within appliance located in the dwelling and within 20’ of the nearest door to the garage from 20’ of the nearest door to the garage from the dwelling.the dwelling.

The required garage heat detector is not The required garage heat detector is not required to incorporate audible alarm required to incorporate audible alarm notification nor is any audible notification notification nor is any audible notification device required in the garage.device required in the garage.

Heat Detector PlacementHeat Detector Placement

• 5313.3.25313.3.2 – – – Flat-finished ceilings:Flat-finished ceilings: the single heat the single heat

detector shall be placed on or near the detector shall be placed on or near the center of the garage ceiling.center of the garage ceiling.

– Sloped ceilings (rise to run > 1’ in Sloped ceilings (rise to run > 1’ in 8’): 8’): the single heat detector shall be the single heat detector shall be placed in the approximate center of the placed in the approximate center of the vaulted ceiling but not closer than 4” to vaulted ceiling but not closer than 4” to any wall.any wall.

Heat Detector InterconnectionHeat Detector Interconnection

• 5313.3.35313.3.3 – The heat detector is required – The heat detector is required to be interconnected to all smoke detectors to be interconnected to all smoke detectors of the required household fire warning of the required household fire warning system.system.

The required garage heat detector is not The required garage heat detector is not required to incorporate audible alarm required to incorporate audible alarm notification nor is any audible notification notification nor is any audible notification device required in the garage.device required in the garage.

Carbon Monoxide DetectorsCarbon Monoxide Detectors

• 5313.45313.4 – Carbon monoxide (CO) detector – Carbon monoxide (CO) detector required locations set forth in 527 CMR required locations set forth in 527 CMR 31.00 and 248 CMR must also be satisfied.31.00 and 248 CMR must also be satisfied.

• 5313.4.15313.4.1 – CO detectors shall be either: – CO detectors shall be either:– Listed, interconnected 120 volt,Listed, interconnected 120 volt,– Listed, low-voltage combination system, Listed, low-voltage combination system,

oror– Listed, wireless system.Listed, wireless system.


• 5313.4.1.15313.4.1.1 – All CO alarms shall have – All CO alarms shall have secondary power supplied from monitored secondary power supplied from monitored batteries in accordance with NFPA 72.batteries in accordance with NFPA 72.– For fire alarm control units, the panel For fire alarm control units, the panel

battery shall serve as the source of battery shall serve as the source of secondary power.secondary power.

– For wireless systems, the panel battery For wireless systems, the panel battery shall serve as the source of secondary shall serve as the source of secondary power.power.


• 5313.4.25313.4.2 – All CO detectors shall be UL 2034 – All CO detectors shall be UL 2034 listed or UL 2075 listed.listed or UL 2075 listed.

Required CO detectors are not required to be Required CO detectors are not required to be interconnected to the required household fire interconnected to the required household fire warning system, but where interconnection is warning system, but where interconnection is desired, such CO detectors shall be compatible desired, such CO detectors shall be compatible with the fire detection devices.with the fire detection devices.

Fire alarms shall have precedence over CO Fire alarms shall have precedence over CO alarms.alarms.


• 5313.4.35313.4.3 – A CO detector shall be installed – A CO detector shall be installed on:on:– On each story of a dwelling unit, including On each story of a dwelling unit, including

basements and cellars (but not including basements and cellars (but not including crawl spaces and uninhabitable attics).crawl spaces and uninhabitable attics).

– When mounting a CO detector on a story When mounting a CO detector on a story with a bedroom, the detector shall be with a bedroom, the detector shall be located outside the bedroom. A CO located outside the bedroom. A CO detector shall be installed no more than detector shall be installed no more than 10’ outside any bedroom door.10’ outside any bedroom door.

Alarm Intensity & MaintenanceAlarm Intensity & Maintenance

• 5313.4.45313.4.4 – All alarm sounding appliances – All alarm sounding appliances shall have a minimum rating of 85 dBA at shall have a minimum rating of 85 dBA at 10’. 10’.

• 5313.4.55313.4.5 – It shall be the responsibility of – It shall be the responsibility of the owner to properly maintain the CO the owner to properly maintain the CO detectors in accordance with the detectors in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations and manufacturer’s recommendations and NFPA 720.NFPA 720.


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First Floor is approximately 1,700 ftFirst Floor is approximately 1,700 ft22, therefore an additional smoke , therefore an additional smoke detector must be added.detector must be added.


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22ndnd Floor is approx. 1,600 ft Floor is approx. 1,600 ft22. No extra smokes are needed. 5 . No extra smokes are needed. 5 smokes times 1,200 ftsmokes times 1,200 ft22 can cover up to 6,000 ft can cover up to 6,000 ft22 total area. total area.


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Site AddressSite Address

• 5321.15321.1 – See MGL c. 148 § 59, enforced by – See MGL c. 148 § 59, enforced by the local FD.the local FD.

– Every building in the commonwealth… shall Every building in the commonwealth… shall have affixed thereto a number representing the have affixed thereto a number representing the address of such building. Said number shall be of address of such building. Said number shall be of a nature and size and shall be situated on the a nature and size and shall be situated on the building so that, to the extent practicable, it is building so that, to the extent practicable, it is visible from the nearest street or road providing visible from the nearest street or road providing vehicular access to such building.vehicular access to such building.

780 CMR 93.00: Repair, Renovation, 780 CMR 93.00: Repair, Renovation, Alteration, Addition, Demolition and Alteration, Addition, Demolition and Change of Use Of Existing One and Change of Use Of Existing One and

Two Family Dwellings.Two Family Dwellings.

•New building systems (9304.2)New building systems (9304.2)

•Repair or renovation (9304.8)Repair or renovation (9304.8)

•Alterations (9305.4)Alterations (9305.4)

•Additions (9305.8)Additions (9305.8)

NEW BUILDING SYSTEMSNEW BUILDING SYSTEMS

• 9304.29304.2 - - Any new building system… Any new building system… shall conform to 780 CMR for new shall conform to 780 CMR for new construction to the fullest extent construction to the fullest extent practicablepracticable

Repairs and AlterationsRepairs and Alterations

• 9304.89304.8 – –

When one or more sleeping rooms are When one or more sleeping rooms are added or created in existing dwellings, added or created in existing dwellings, the entire existing building shall be the entire existing building shall be provided with smoke detectors, a heat provided with smoke detectors, a heat detector and CO detectors designed, detector and CO detectors designed, located and installed in accordance with located and installed in accordance with the provisions for new construction in the provisions for new construction in 5313.5313.


• 9304.89304.8 (cont.)(cont.) – –

When a garage is created under or When a garage is created under or attached to an existing dwelling, a heat attached to an existing dwelling, a heat detector, conforming to the code for detector, conforming to the code for new construction, shall be installed in new construction, shall be installed in the garage.the garage.


• 9304.89304.8 (cont.)(cont.) – –

If the dwelling undergoes complete If the dwelling undergoes complete reconstruction such that all walls and reconstruction such that all walls and ceilings open to framing, then the entire ceilings open to framing, then the entire existing building shall conform to the existing building shall conform to the code for new construction for smoke code for new construction for smoke detectors, heat detectors and CO detectors, heat detectors and CO detectors.detectors.


• 9304.89304.8 (cont.)(cont.) – –

If one dwelling (but not the other) of an If one dwelling (but not the other) of an existing two family dwelling has one or existing two family dwelling has one or more sleeping rooms added, then that more sleeping rooms added, then that existing dwelling unit shall conform to existing dwelling unit shall conform to the code for new construction for smoke the code for new construction for smoke detectors, heat detectors and CO detectors, heat detectors and CO detectors.detectors.


• 9304.89304.8 (cont.)(cont.) – –

If the existing two family dwelling has If the existing two family dwelling has one or more sleeping rooms added (in one or more sleeping rooms added (in both dwelling units), then the entire two both dwelling units), then the entire two family building shall conform to the family building shall conform to the code for new construction for smoke code for new construction for smoke detectors, heat detectors and CO detectors, heat detectors and CO detectors.detectors.

Alteration of Existing SpacesAlteration of Existing Spaces

• 9305.49305.4 – –

Existing fire protection systems shall be Existing fire protection systems shall be permitted to remain without change permitted to remain without change provided such systems are in provided such systems are in serviceable condition.serviceable condition.

OtherOther

• 9308.09308.0 – Moved Structures – Moved Structures

• 9309.2.29309.2.2 - - Historic BuildingsHistoric Buildings

Websites:Websites:

MGL Chapter 148:MGL Chapter 148:

www.mass.gov/legis/laws/mgl/gl-148-toc.htm

Mass. State Fire Code (527 CMR):Mass. State Fire Code (527 CMR):

www.mass.gov/dfswww.mass.gov/dfs

Mass. State Building Code (780 CMR):Mass. State Building Code (780 CMR):

www.mass.gov/dpswww.mass.gov/dps

http://www.mass.gov/legis/laws/mgl/gl-148-toc.htm

Questions?Questions?

Frequently Asked Questions:Frequently Asked Questions:

In the near future, the OSFM will be posting In the near future, the OSFM will be posting a list of the most frequently asked questions, a list of the most frequently asked questions, unusual questions, technical questions and unusual questions, technical questions and legal questions as they relate to this topic, and legal questions as they relate to this topic, and the appropriate answers on its website:the appropriate answers on its website:


Contact Information:Contact Information:

Code Compliance Desk Officer: 978-567-3375Code Compliance Desk Officer: 978-567-3375

Department of Fire ServicesDepartment of Fire Services

Office of the State Fire MarshalOffice of the State Fire Marshal

PO Box 1025PO Box 1025

State RoadState Road

Stow, MA 01775Stow, MA 01775


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