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Smart Tourism Destinations

Dimitrios Buhalis and Aditya Amaranggana

eTourism LabBournemouth University

United Kingdom

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Agenda

• Introduction

• Theoretical Background– Internet of Things

– Smart City

Characteristics

– Tourism Destination

• Smart Tourism

Destinations

• Conclusion

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Introduction• Rapid increase of urban

population worldwide

• ICT make cities more accessible and enjoyable for both residents and visitors

• The development of Smart City could also encourage

the formation of Smart Tourism Destinations

Research Objective: Identifying opportunities and challenges as well as conceptualising a framework toward Smart Tourism Destinations.

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Theoretical Background

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Internet of Things

Firstly coined by Kevin Ashton (MIT) in 1999

The idea behind the IoT is to generate automatic real-time

interactions among real world object that connect to

the Internet which consequently also reduce the gap between real world and

digital realm (Erb, 2011).

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• IBM defined Smart City as a city that make their system instrumented, interconnected and intelligent

• Smart Cities have the ability to give intelligent response to various kinds of needs that happen within the same time interval.

• Citizen involvement in the co-creation process of products or services.

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By Boyd Cohen (2012)

Smart City Wheel

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By Buhalis (2000)

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Smart Tourism Destinations take advantage of…

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3 Vital Forms of ICT for Smart Tourism Destinations

The ultimate aims are to enhance tourism experience, improve the effectiveness of resource management, maximising both destination

competitiveness and demonstrate sustainability.

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Tourism Applicationsin Smart Tourism Destinations

No. Tourism Apps Utility Function Destination Components

Smart Tourism Destinations Dimensions

1. Augmented reality Interpretation Attractions Smart People, Smart Mobility

2. Vehicle tracking Planning Accessibility Smart Living, Smart Mobility

3. Hotel energy predictor Sustainability Amenities Smart Environment

4. Multi-languages travel guide app which also offers available

packages

Guidance Available Packages

Smart People, Smart Mobility

5. NFC tags and QR codes to access information about nearby points

of interest

Proximity Marketing Activities Smart Mobility

6. Tourist Complaints Management System

Feedback Ancillaries Smart Living

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Smart Tourism Destinations ImpactNo. Stakeholders Characteristics of Outcome

1. Tourism Organisations

- Coordinates information and makes it easily accessible for users to access real-time information

- Engage with local communities, tourists and government in co-creating tourism experience

- Organisational agility, speed decision making and responsive to customers’ needs based on just-in-time insights

- Precision targeting and personalised service

2. Governments - Regulate data privacy- Establish Public-Private Partnership

3. Local Residents/ Local Communities

- Constantly connected- Sufficiently creative and empowered- Technology savvy- Citizen Journalism

4. Tourists - Well-connected and well-informed- Active critics and buzz marketers- Demand highly personalised service

5. Environment - Innovation ecosystem- Sensor networks throughout the environment

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Smart Tourism Destinations Framework

Living Lab Methodology

Public-Private Partnership

Open Data Movement

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Challenges

• Not politically neutral

• Little room for the technologically

illiterate and the poor

• Privacy intrusion

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ConclusionThe priorities of Smart Tourism Destinations construction are1.To enhance tourists’ experience2.To provide more intelligent information platform3.To facilitate efficient allocation of tourism resources; and 4.To integrates tourism suppliers at both micro and macro level aiming to ensure benefit is well distributed to local society.

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