Smart Cities Solutions for Disaster Management Based on Satellites and Wireless Sensor Networks

Presented by

Dr. Krishna Dev Kumar Professor of Aerospace Engineering

Director, Artificial Intelligence and Predictive Analytics for Aerospace Systems (AI-PAAS) Laboratory

Founder and President, iSAC Systems Inc. Department of Aerospace Engineering Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada

@All rights reserved. It is forbidden to use, reproduce, reference or distribute the information contained in this document without the permission of Ryesron University & iSAC Systems.

Presentation Overview

Introduction: Smart City and Natural Disasters

Disaster Management

Satellites and Wireless Sensor Networks

Case Study

iSAC Systems Products

Introduction: Smart City

A Smart City is a city that incorporates Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Internet of Things (IoT) technology to manage its assets. By Frost & Sullivan 2014 “.. Eight key aspects that define a Smart City: a) smart governance, b) smart energy, c) smart building, d) smart mobility, e) smart infrastructure, f) smart technology, g) smart healthcare and h) smart citizen."

Natural Disasters

Natural disasters (typhoons, hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, fires and earthquakes) are becoming more frequent (fourfold increase from 1970 to 2013).

Year 2013: 22 million people were affected by disasters (by Norwegian Refugee Council`s Internal Displace Monitoring Centre).

Year 2013: In Asia, typhoon Haiyan displaced 19 million people; In United States, 218,500 people were affected by tornadoes in the state of Oklahoma.

On other hand, urbanisation has been increasing world-wide (more than 3.5 billion (about half of the world’s population) now lives in town and cities; this number will increase to about 5 billion by 2030 (report from the United Nations Population Fund)).

In recent years, there have been proposals for creation of smart cities world-wide and in particular, developing countries such as India.

Immune to disasters represents one of the most pressing needs for the development of smart cities.

Urbanisation and Smart City Goal

Disaster Management The Red Cross and Red Crescent societies define disaster

management: “the organisation and management of resources and responsibilities for dealing with all humanitarian aspects of emergencies, in particular a) preparedness, b) response and c) recovery in order to lessen the impact of disasters” Satellites and/or Wireless Sensor Networks represents a

viable and efficient solution for Disaster Management.

Satellites and Wireless Sensor Networks

based Disaster Management Support Architecture

Satellites and Wireless Sensor Networks

based Disaster Management Support Architecture based Disaster Management Support Architecturebased Disaster Management Support Architecture

Satellites Meteorological Satellites (also called Weather Satellites):

cyclone track, intensity & landfall predictions and forecasting of extreme weather events.

Currently Operational: 14 Geostationary satellites (36,000 km) and a variety of Low Earth orbiting satellites (less than 2000 Km)

Satellites Next Generation Meteorological Geostationary Satellites (8) to

be launched from 2014 – 2019:

Source: World Metrological Organization, 2017

Earth Observation Satellites: monitoring disaster events and assessing the damages.

Communication satellites: emergency communication in remote and inaccessible areas.

Navigation satellites: location based services.

Satellites

Satellites

At present, India has the following satellites in operation for Disaster Management (Press Information Bureau, Government of India, Department of Space, 05-April-2017)

Earth Observation Satellites: 13 Meteorological Satellites: 3 Communication Satellites: 13 Navigational satellites: 7

Response Time: Within 12 hrs (satellite data received) plus 3 hrs data processing

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)

WSN is a network of sensors arranged in a star-mesh topology to create a sensor region that can monitor desired parameters of the system.

Disaster Management Support System

Data Fusion: Data from Meteorological and Earth Observation Satellites

+ Data from ground based information (including Wireless Sensor Networks)

+ Services derived from Communication & Navigation Satellites

Case Study Flood and Landslides in Kedarnath

(June 20, 2013)

Data taken from Indian Remote Sensing Satellites: Cartosat-2 (1-m resolution) on June 20, 2013

Resourcesat 2 (LISS-IV, 5.8-m resolution) on June 21, 2013

Satellite image of Kedarnath Village

(PRE and POST after floods in June 2013)

PRE POST

Satellite image of Kedarnath Village

(PRE and POST after floods in June 2013)

PRE POST

iSAC Systems Products

Monitoring Systems (Hardware Units) & Data Analytics

(Software packages)

Monitoring Systems: Features Real-Time Monitoring and Control

Wireless Monitoring/Wireless Sensor Networks via Radio,

Ethernet, Wi-fi, Bluetooth, Cellular, and Satellites

High Speed Monitoring

Low Power Consumption including Energy Harvesting

Miniaturized Electronic Hardware

Data Analytics: Features

Real-Time & Off-Line Data Management

Real -Time & Off-Line Event Detection, Prediction and

Diagnosis including Fault Events (Using ISAC’s Proprietary

Algorithms)

Data Generation for Unknown Events for which Data is Not

Available (Using ISAC’s Proprietary Algorithms)

Early detection of dangerous operating conditions

Instant notifications via emails and mobile phones

Product apps on mobile phones

Condition-based maintenance

Overall improvement of efficiency

Overall reduction of maintenance cost

Products’ Benefits

Miniature Satellites 100 gram Femto-Satellite (80 mm x 80 mm x 1.5 mm) Designed for Earth Imaging and Other Applications

Patented Attitude Control: Fluid Rings

Femto-Satellite Attached to 3U-Satellite Designed for Environmental Monitoring

Patented Satellite Design (Requiring No Fuel for Control)

iSAC Systems Monitoring System- Wireless Sensor Node

Base Station

iSACMonitoring SystemWireless Sensor Node

iSAC SystemsiSAC

iSAC Systems’ Miniature

Wireless Monitoring System

Number of input channels: 31 Operational Life: at least 1800 hours Dimensions: 150 mm X 175 mm X 53 mm Sampling Rates: 128 Hz – 2 KHz Memory & Battery: Removable Real Time Clock: System

Order Delivered (2014-2015)

Aerospace Sector: Monitoring System for Aircraft Landing Gear

Features and Benefits Remote maintenance analysis or service alerts to ensure

24/7 operation;

Where, When and Why failure is likely to occur;

Detect electrical and mechanical failures;

Replace parts when needed instead of predetermined

hours of operation;

Replacement parts available at the airport for minimum

downtime;

An integrated system of Supply Chain, CRM and logistics;

Aeroplanes more available, more reliable.

DAQ400S (Designed and Under-testing)

Order Delivered (2014-2017)

Order Delivered Order Delivered Order Delivered

Aerospace Sector: Wireless Sensor Networks for

Real-Time Monitoring of Aircraft Wing Assembly

Transportation Sector: Wireless Bogie Monitoring System

Installed on the Train

Number of input channels: 8 Weight: 250 gm Dimensions: 150 mm X 175 mm X 53 mm Sampling Rates: 100 Hz – 2 kHz Analog – Digital Conversion: System Signal Excitation & Conditioning: System Memory & Battery: Removable Real Time Clock: System

iSAC-BM Transmitter on the Bogie iSAC-BM Transmitter

Receiver inside the Train Compartment

Measurement & Forecast Specifications

Transportation Sector: Wireless Bogie Monitoring System

Website: http://sensor.isacsystems.com/demo DAQ300

Website: http://sensor.isacsystems.com/demo Website: http://sensor.isacsystems.com/demo Website: http://sensor.isacsystems.com/demo

DAQ300 (Designed and

Delivered in January 2013)

Order Delivered (2013-2017)

Waste Management Sector: Wireless Process Monitoring System

for Recycle-of-Organic Waste to Fertilizer

Graphical User Interface (GUI) on Tablet

Environmental Monitoring: Wireless Temperature Sensors Wireless Temperature Sensors

Readings from Three Wireless Temperature Sensors on Web: Temperature, Battery Voltage and Signal Strength

Readings from Three Wireless Temperature Sensors on Web: Sending Message through Emails

Website: http://sensor.isacsystems.com/demo

Odor control solutions for solid waste, wastewater, industrial and commercial facilities

Odor control solutions for solid waste, wastewater, Odor control solutions for solid waste, wastewater, Odor control solutions for solid waste, wastewater, Odor control solutions for solid waste, wastewater, Environmental/Greenhouse Emission Monitoring:

Order Delivered (2014-2016)

Wireless Sensor Nodes

Base Station

Wireless Sensor NodesWireless Sensor NodesWireless Sensor Nodes

Wireless Monitoring System: OverviewWireless Monitoring System: OverviewWireless Monitoring System: Overview

Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Ammonia (NH4) Methane (CH4) Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Carbon Mono-Oxide (CO) Other Gases

List of Gases for Environmental Monitoring

Graphical User Information (GUI) from Wireless Monitoring System on Web (real –time)

http://sensor.isacsystems.com/vineland/login.php

Tank Level Monitoring : Wireless Tank Level Sensor Networks

Order Delivered (2015-2016)

Retail Sector: Food Monitoring Graphical User Interface (GUI) on Web-Wireless

Temperature Sensor Networks Order Delivered

(2015-2016)

Retail Sector: Food Monitoring Graphical User Interface (GUI) on Web - Wireless

Temperature Sensor Networks

Valve Position Indicator Nodes

Pressure/Temp Sensor Nodes

Flow Sensor Nodes

Gateway Node

Wireless Communication

Upload to Base Station

Oil and Gas Sector: Wireless Monitoring: In-Site Sensor System

Pressure/Temp Sensor Nodes,

Air Quality Sensor & Alarm Nodes

Camera Nodes

Gateway Node

Wireless Communication

Upload to Base Station

RFID Antenna & UWB Receiver

Node

RFID Antenna & UWB Receiver

Node

RFID Antenna & UWB Receiver

Node

RFID Antenna &

Mining Sector: Wireless Monitoring: In-Site Sensor System

Sensors

Fault Diagnosis

and Prognosis

Data Required Information

Number of data points

Types of faults

Healthy mode operation data

Faulty Components data

Goal: Development of an intelligent on-line health

management system for aircraft engines to reduce

maintenance costs and improve reliability.

Aerospace Sector: Fault Prediction for Aircraft Engine (Data Analytics)

Order (in Progress) (2016-2017)

Front End

Fault Diagnosis and Prognosis of Aircraft Engine

Data Data Analysis Fault Alerts

Read

Plot

ABC1000

Clients

Canadian Space Agency

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) Canada Aerospace Inc.

SpaceQuest Inc.

Messier-Buggatti-Dowty Inc. (earlier Messier- Dowty Inc.)

Bombardier Transportation Inc.

Aerospace Inc.

SpaceQuest

Thank You!