Small Scale Wind Installations - RETScreen Software
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Transcript of Small Scale Wind Installations - RETScreen Software
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Small scale wind energy
W. HulshorstJan. 2009
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Agenda
1)Types of small scale wind energy systems
2) How to estimate the energy output
3) Aspects on the location
4) Case study with RETscreen
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What is Small Scale WE?Exact definition is not always clear:
• According IEC 61400:2007:turbines with swept rotor area< 200 m2 are classified assmall scale turbines
• Non universal definitation isoften based on the kW:system that is self yawing (tail vain)and < 100 kW.
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Wind energy for remote area’s
• Off grid systems• Weather stations• Wind – PV • Wind – Diesel
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Wind energy on buildingsHorizontal Vertical
In between?
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But also integrated
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Power curves
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Wind distribution
To estimate the annual energy:- Power Curve- Wind distribution
At most locations the wind-distribution can be described as a weibull distribution
At higher heigts the wind speed is often higher. That’s the reason why we build wind turbines on a towerRestrication could be the weight of the generator/alternator
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Urban wind characteristics
• small wind turbines require less wind & land resources than large turbines, so their installation is feasible in a wider variety of locations.
• However small scale wind projects in urban area’s do face some constrains:
• Lower annual mean wind speed• Turbulance• Potential difficulties in obtaining planning permission
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Site conditions effects output
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Location
• Output of energy depends on the windspeed
• The windspeed increases significantly near the top of a hill and the air flow should be free of obstacles.
• Existing obstacles, such as buildings, trees can significantly affect wind speed.
• Locate as far as possible from obstacles
• Alternatively, the turbine height can be increased to compensate the lack of distance
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Locations
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Other issue’s
• It is recommended that the wind turbine is located reasonably close to the point of energy use or to the grid connection.
• Noise and visual impact are particularly sensitive issues in a residential area. Both can be subjective and hard to judge.
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Some interesting websites
General information about renewables:www.leonardo-energy.org
Information about wind manufacturers in Europe:www.urbanwind.orgwww.allsmalwindturbines.org
Windspeed in different countries:www.windatlas.dk
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Thanks for your attention
Walter HulshorstEcon International B.V. PO box 50356802 EA ArnhemThe Netherlands
T: + 31 (0)61 047 45 77F: + 31 (0)26 381 64 82E: [email protected]: www.econ-international.nl