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- 1. Small Group Processes
Chris Stiff
DH1.89
[email protected]
2. Overview
Basic group concepts
Definition, composition etc
Working in groups
Social facilitation/loafing
Social dilemmas
Group malfunctions
Groupthink, deindividuation, group polarization
3. Basic Concepts in Groups
What is a group?
Two or more people who interact and are interdependent in the sense
that their needs and goals cause them to influence each other
(Cartwright & Zander, 1968)
Most groups have between two and six members (Levine &
Moreland, 1998)
4. Composition of Groups
Social norms appropriate behaviours for all group members
Deviance from these norms leads to marginalisation/rejection
Social roles appropriate behaviours for those in a specific
position
Status systems pattern of influence members have over one
another
Group cohesion qualities that bind the group together and make it
attractive
5. Social Facilitation
When the presence of others improves your performance
Zajonc, Heingartner, & Herman (1969) Cockroaches in a
tube
6. FINISH
Audience
START
Flashlight
7. Social Facilitation
When the presence of others improves your performance
Zajonc, Heingartner, & Herman (1969) Cockroaches in a
tube
- Ran through faster when there was an audience than when alone
8. Many other researchers support effect (e.g. Bond, 1982)
