Communication Skills

Condition of Slums in India

What are slums?

“Habitations located on disputed as well as unused government, municipal and private land and characterized by a serious lack of basic amenities and sanitation with dense

and overcrowded housing conditions.

In other words…

A Slum is taken to mean ‘hutting areas with squalid surroundings where:

Huts are erected in a haphazard manner without proper access.

Minimum basic amenities are lacking

Protected water supply and drainage arrangements do not exist.

Reasons of slums:Slums

Change in agricultural scenario

No prospects in rural areas

Bigger opportunities in cities

Preference on labor market than agriculture

Results of Slums

Slums = Poverty

Poor Living conditions

No Education

Very poor hygiene conditions

Poor health care

Facts reveals that:

Slum Population all over

India is 40,297,341 (40 million).4% of total Indian population lives in slumsAlmost quarter of Indian metro cities live in

slums.Sadly 5 million of this population are

young children (0-6 age group).

Occupation in slums

Figures in % are proportion of all earners across India.

Self-employed in primary sector activities: 0.96

Non-government salaried employment : 0.15

Business 4.46

Wage labor and other than own account workers 0.42

Self-employed professional and worker 5.71

Non-earners 3.74

Union government employment 7.19

State government employment 4.36

Slum Population in 4 Metros in India

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Kolkata Delhi

Total PopulationSlum Population%

Alarming growth of Slums in India

55 % Mumbai, 44 % Meerut, 40 % of Pune : India’s top list on slum population

Pune : The growing city of slums

Total Area : 244 sq.kmPopulation : 15 Lakh approx

Population in slums : 6 LakhEncroachment of slums : 6% (15 sq.km)

Total growth in slum population in the city since 1991 is 176%.

Initiatives..

Different Governments have different ways to handle the problem of growing slums.

Various NGOs are also taking initiatives to help govt in dealing with this issue.

Agencies like Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) and Slum Rehabilitation Authority (SRA) plan the Rehabilitation of the slums in metros.

Solutions

Short term

Rehabilitation of major slums in better hygienic places

Re construction of the middle level slums in the same area with proper drainage system and water supply.

Provision of basic amenities, medical and health care, education to eradicate poverty completely.

Long term

The objective should be to reduce the migration from rural areas.

Providing the basic amenities and better opportunities in rural areas

Encouraging agricultural and small scale industries.

Presented by

Nupur SahaSwati ChhabraSunita Sharma

Ruchira Sharma