SLUM ELECTRIFICATION AND LOSS REDUCTION PROJECT …documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/... · supply...

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SLUM ELECTRIFICATION AND LOSS REDUCTION PROJECT

Improved Electricity Access to Indian

Slum Dwellers Project

EEnnvviirroonnmmeennttaall aanndd SSoocciiaall MMaannaaggeemmeenntt FFrraammeewwoorrkk

AApprriill 22000077

Stakeholders involved:

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Table of Content 1. Background:................................................................................................... 3

2. Analysis of Issues and Anticipated Environmental Impact ............................. 4

3. Environment Baseline: ................................................................................... 4

4. Description of slum project site: ..................................................................... 4

5. Current commercial and industrial activities at the project sites:.................... 5

6. Environmental Aspects of Project .................................................................. 6

6.2. Sources and quality of water supply: ............................................................. 6

6.3. Waste water disposal and sanitation in project slums: ................................... 7

7. State of submergence during rain and cases of flood: ................................... 7

8. Layout plan of existing distribution lines as well as sub station sites: ............ 7

9. Records of environmental incidents and remedial steps taken : .................... 7

10. Fire & Shock Complaints: .............................................................................. 8

11. Analysis of Anticipated Environmental Impact(AEI) ....................................... 9

12. Environmental Management Plan ................................................................ 10

13. Institutional Structure for EMP Implementation, Monitoring and Reporting: . 18


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1. Background:

1.1. The United States Agency for International Development (USAID), in

cooperation with the International Copper Association (ICA), is implementing the

Slum Electrification and Loss reduction (SELR) Program, a three-year program

for regularizing electricity services in slum areas. In India, USAID is working in

cooperation with the World Bank’s Global Partnership for Output-Based Aid

(GPOBA), Reliance Infrastructure Limited (branded as Reliance Energy) and the

International Copper Promotion Council of India (ICPCI), to implement a pilot

program in the Shivajinagar slum cluster.

1.2. The objective of the project is to demonstrate the use of an output-based aid

(OBA) approach to make a significant difference to the level of access to safe and

adequate electricity supply in the Indian slum context. It is intended that a total of

26,250 connections will be subsidized. Of these, some 5,000 will be existing

customers that will benefit from upgrades to their connections. It is expected that

such an approach could be replicated in other major Indian cities, where slum

areas abound and access to legal and safe electricity remains elusive for many

slum dwellers. The project anticipates that Reliance Energy will undertake all

investments required to take electricity to the slum areas which include upgrades

to the network, drop lines from substation, meter panel and household meter.

GPOBA subsidy would be used to cover the portion of the cost of a new

connection, for regularization of connections and for providing safe internal

wiring. Regularization of connections addresses those connections which are

currently served by Reliance Energy informally or which do not have proper

internal wiring or rewiring between the meter box and the DU. This project also

addresses promotion of productive uses of energy to help ensure slum dwellers

are able to pay their bills by enhancing their ability to generate additional income.

This will maximize the socioeconomic benefits to the slum areas by having the

legal connection. Thus this project will include activities working with local

NGOs/CBOs to encourage the development of small business ventures and

commercial services that are made possible by the legal electricity connection.

Areas under this component may include micro-enterprise development, business

training, access to existing microfinance schemes, gender empowerment through

income generating activities etc.

1.3. The anticipated outcomes of the project would be:

1.3.1. Delivery of legal and safe electricity connections for 26,250 slum dwelling units

(DUs), which would include upgrades to utility network and substations,

installation of meters, and about 5,000 existing customers to have their wiring

upgraded.

1.3.2. Documentation of program outputs and results as well as economic and social

impact data (safety, efficiency, productive uses).


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1.3.3. Development of a replicable program model and subsidy scheme to implement

future slum electrification programs in India and elsewhere.

1.4. GPOBA, World Bank as part of their funding procedures has to undertake the

following tasks:

1.4.1. Financial due diligence of the private sector

1.4.2. Specify norms and procedures for bidding the contract

1.4.3. Environmental impact assessment and devise environmental management plan to

mitigate the impact.

1.5. World Bank mission visited the project area in Mumbai to assess key

environmental risks associated with this project. The mission advised to develop

an Environmental Management, and Monitoring Plan, which should include tasks

to be undertaken by Reliance to mitigate the environmental impact caused by the

project.

1.6. Reliance undertook feasibility study and carried out environmental impact

assessment of the sites under this project. Based on the environmental impact

envisaged, an environmental management and monitoring plan has been

developed.

2. Analysis of Issues and Anticipated Environmental Impact

2.1. As part of project preparation efforts, USAID commissioned a socio-economic

survey of the two target slum areas under the project. The survey captured

information on the demographics, literacy level, current income, willingness to

pay for the legal connections and current stock of appliances and equipment used

in the dwelling units.

2.2. Reliance team under guidance from World Bank also undertook Environmental

Impact Assessment of the 2 slum sites and has prepared an Environmental

Management Plan to mitigate the environmental impact of the project.

3. Environment Baseline:

3.1. The environment baseline study is undertaken to understand the present

environment situation of the project areas. Please find below the details of present

environmental status in the area.

4. Description of slum project site:


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4.1. The location map of Shivaji Nagar Area and the defined boundaries of the project

are indicated in the map below. The Shivaji Nagar site is situated on the eastern

suburb of Mumbai. It occupies an area of about 20 acres. Originally the area was

a creek surrounded by marshes. Due to the dumping activity, the area was also

used for agricultural purposes up till the 1960’s. The slums began mushrooming

in the 1970’s when the Shiv Sena corporator Shri.Ambarnath Patil won the

election. After the 1970’s due to the presence of the bone factory, the

slaughterhouse, the dumping yard the density maximized. As the land belongs to

the BMC and the Collectors office, the BMC marked rectangular plots for re-

housing the project-affected families. The leadership in this area has been

foresighted and the population as a vote bank has been successful in obtaining

substantial basic amenities for themselves. Prior to the railway linkage and road

linkages the significance of this area lay in its proximity to the dumping ground

and to the Deonar abattoir. The slum pocket has possibility of developing into a

satellite city of New Bombay, and it is likely to get transformed in the near future.

Figure 2: Shivaji Nagar Area

The area can be en-marked by following boundary limits,

Dumping Ground to the east of area.

Rehab Housing Compound to the west of area.

Ghatkopar Mankhurd Link Road to the south of area.

Nabhela Parekh Marg to the north of area. 5. Current commercial and industrial activities at the project sites:


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5.1. In Shivajinagar area, most of the structures are residential (83%, see Figure 4),

with ground floor (53%), ground floor +1 (37%) and balance are temporary shed

type structures.

Figure 4: Usage of Structures in Shivaji Nagar area

5.2. The primary commercial activities in this area are shops (52%) that deal in trading

of products and service (38%), which includes services of the barber, the

electrician, the mason. Some industrial activities carried out are: chappal (shoes)

manufacturing units, zari & embroidery works fabrication work, etc.

6. Environmental Aspects of Project 6.1. Shivajinagar is spread over more than 15 acres of land. The population of

Shivajinager area is around 2,00,000.

6.2. Sources and quality of water supply:

6.2.1. The drinking water to slums is supplied by Municipal Corporation of Greater

Mumbai (MCGM) through regular taps. The water supply system of these slums

is an integral part of water supply system of entire Mumbai City. Source of water

supply is from Bhatsa, Upper Vaitarna, Modak Sagar, Tansa, Vihar and Tulsi.

Main water pipelines are laid at a depth of 5 to 6 metres and hence there are less

chances of it getting damaged. The project during implementation may damage

individual drinking water pipeline, which is at shallow level. Measures will be

undertaken to mitigate this.

6.2.2. Main causes of contamination include, leaky joints in service connections, mixing

of sewerage and drainage system with water supply system, unclean suction and

over head tanks, deteriorating internal lining of water mains and seepage of

surface water to mains through lead joints. Fortunately, project does not envisage

these causes during implementation.

Use of Structure

Residential

Resi-cum-commercial

Commercial

Home basedmanufacture

Figure 1: Use of Structure


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6.3. Waste water disposal and sanitation in project slums: 6.3.1. Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) is the sole authority

responsible for wastewater disposal and sanitation in Mumbai. The sewage

pumping facility in the city has been divided into 7 service areas. Ghatokopar

service area caters the present project site of Shivaji Nagar.

6.3.2. MCGM also provides sanitation facilities to the slums. Under the Dattak Vasti

Yojana the following services are provided to them through CBOs.

6.3.2.1. Solid waste collection, handling and transporting the collected waste to the

designated areas.

6.3.2.2. Cleaning the open spaces around toilet blocks

6.3.2.3. Cleaning of toilet blocks and nearby drainages

6.3.3. The projects under consideration also do not envisage any effect on these

facilities.

7. State of submergence during rain and cases of flood: 7.1. In general, Mumbai is subjected to heavy flooding during the rainy season

depending upon the rate of rainfall and high tide or low tide timings. After June

2006 floods, care has been taken to uplift the electrical installation above flood

level. MCGM is already in process of implementing Mass water drainage system

for entire Mumbai under the project name ‘BRIMSTOWAD’. Under this project

laying of new drains, developing effective drainage system and deepening and

widening of nallas is planned for entire city. The indicative timeframe of the

project is 2007-2009 (Source: www.mcgm.gov.in/contents/subm64ssmno 145ver2eng.pdf)

8. Layout plan of existing distribution lines as well as sub station sites:

8.1. The layout plan of all existing distribution lines and sub-stations are attached as

Annexure.

9. Records of environmental incidents and remedial steps taken :

9.1. On 26th July 2005, the highest ever rain fall amounting to 944 mm was recorded

in period of 12 hours in Mumbai coupled with high tide at sea. This led to water

levels rising to unimaginable levels. Heavy down pour of this magnitude occurred

after 40 years in Mumbai region. Situation has become worst because

accumulated water could not be drained since drainage valves were closed

because of high tide in sea.

http://www.mcgm.gov.in/contents/subm64ssmno


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Figure 5: Rainfall July 2005

9.2. During the deluge, many of electrical installations were submerged in the water.

This resulted in supply interruptions of longer hours. To mitigate the effects of

such deluge in future, the installations are raised at sufficient height. Every years

the levels of water logging is observed, and if required installations are raised.

10. Fire & Shock Complaints: 10.1. Table below shows the complaints received from the area considered under

project for last one year.

Nature of Complaint Numbers

Shivajinagar Area

Blast Sound 13

Cable/Wire/Jumper Burning 109

Cable Fault 23

Fire 113

No Supply 26

Shock 20

Short Circuit 19

Smoke 53

Sparking 118

Total 494

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1,000 26th July 2005 27th July 2005

10:00 13:00 16:00 07:0004:0001:0022:0019:00

0.9 19.3

Normal Rainfal

667.7

768.8

885 896944.2

Previous Maximum: 575.6 mm

(Recorded on July 5th 1974)

Rainfall (in mm)

Time (in hours)

575

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1,000 26th July 2005 27th July 2005

10:00 13:00 16:00 07:0004:0001:0022:0019:00

0.9 19.3

Normal Rainfal

667.7

768.8

885 896944.2

Previous Maximum: 575.6 mm

(Recorded on July 5th 1974)

Rainfall (in mm)

Time (in hours)

575


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10.2. The table above is extracted from centralized automated complaint logging

system. It is possible that many customers may have lodged the complaints for the

same instance. The effective actual complaints are about 30-40% less than the

actual.

10.3. Total actual fire complaints therefore works out to 110 numbers and total actual

shock complaints 27 numbers in a year.

11. Analysis of Anticipated Environmental Impact(AEI)

11.1. Following likely environmental impact are envisaged during implementation of

the project.

11.1.1. Health hazards incase of damage of drinking water pipe or drainage pipe during

cable laying excavation.

11.1.2. Noise pollution due to excavation equipments.

11.1.3. Road blockage caused due to development of trenches/earth removed during

excavation.

11.1.4. Fire hazard due to damage to the exiting live electrical cable.

11.1.5. Interruption to communication network, if communication cable is damaged

during excavation.

11.1.6. Damage to the exiting road surface during cable laying excavations.

11.1.7. Collapsing of walls during the clipping of meter to house cable or during internal

wiring.

11.1.8. Risk of spoiling the plantation due to excavation on edges of roads.

11.1.9. Oil leakage from transformer during replacement or due to improper handling.

11.1.10. Damage to the structures while transporting heavy equipments like

transformer.

11.1.11. Fugitive dust and smoke accumulation in confined spaces


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12. Environmental Management Plan

12.1. Based on the AEI, an environmental management plan has been prepared.

Sr.

No.

ASPECT Impact Cause Mitigation Monitoring

Plan

A: Environmental Aspects

1 Drinking

water

contamination

Health

hazards

Damage

to

drinking

water

pipes or

drainage

pipes

1. Arrange joint visit with

MCGM

authorities for site survey

before taking-

up the excavation.

2. Enquire with the near-by

residents

regarding existence of

water/drainage

pipes on the roads.

3. Take the test trenches before

starting

excavation along the road.

4. Keep the plumber on call

while

excavating to attain the

damages if any

immediately.

Divisional Head to visit randomly to

worksites once in fortnight.

Damages to be reported by Unit

Engineers in format EMP1.

EMP1 report to be reviewed in

Monitoring Committee meetings.


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Sr.

No.


Plan

2 Noise

Human

health

Due to use

of

machines

for

excavation

s

1. Since roads are small in

width, avoid

machines for excavation. Do

manual

excavations.

2. Inform people regarding

excavation so

that they can stay away if

possible.



Complaints received regarding

‘Noise’ from project area to be

addressed by Divisional Head

3 Damage to

plants

Loss of

plantation

Excavatio

ns

touching

tress

1. Survey the plants along the cable-

laying route.

2. Keep safe distance from trees

while excavating.

3. Provide support for weak tress, if

any.

4. Re-plantation with suitable trees

as required







4 Oil leakage

from

transformer

Fire hazard

Contaminati

on of soil

and flow

into

drainage

Damage

to

transforme

r while

transportin

g

1. If the transportation routs are

narrow, remove the transformer

radiators and then transport.

2. Keep minimum oil, and top-up

when installed completely.

3. Arrest the oil leakage

immediately and remove oil and

dispose suitably.

Dy. Manager (O&M) to supervise the

Transformer replacement job

personally.






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Sr.

No.


Plan

5 Fugitive dust

and smoke

accumulation

in confined

houses

Human

health

Space

constraints

1. Recommend installation of

exhaust fans through awareness

workshops.

2. Awareness workshop planned

under the project shall include

tips to avoid suffocation.

3. Initiate electric supply

disconnection, if directed by

appropriate authorities.

4. Recommend to provide dustbin

and dispose off the garbage in

MCGM Vans-to be covered

under awareness workshop.

Monitoring Committee to review the

workshop module before is goes live.

Divisional Head to keep records of

letters received from competent

authority for the project area and

follow-up the action taken.

B: Safety Aspects

6 Road

blockage

Movement

obstruction

Across

trenches/

earth

removed

from

trenches

1. Plan across trenches during

nighttime.

2. Use mild steel sheet to cover

the

trenches.

3. Transport of excess soil /

debris

immediately.

Where points (1) – (3) above are

not possible – document reasons

and ensure this documentation is

available for review by World

Bank.



Unit Engineer to keep record of

debris lifted from these areas.


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Sr.

No.


Plan

7 Sparks due to

loose

connections

Fire hazards Improper

wiring,

partial

breaking

of wires

1. Ensure proper workmanship of

contractor executing wiring

works.

2. Train the contractor and his

wiremen on the correct

methodology.

3. Avoid using sharp edge metals

near wires.

4. Conduct safety workshop for

nearby residents.

Formats developed by independent

verification contractor to be used for

monitoring.

ICPCI to keep records of

contractor/wiremen training.

8 Cable fault Communica

tion failure

Damage

to

communic

ation

cable.

1. Plan joint visit with

communication agencies in the

area.

2. Collect drawings from

communication companies if

available.

3. Take test trenches.







9 Road damage Inconvenien

ce to

residents

Damage

to

road/path

ways

during

cable

lying.

1. Give prior intimation to nearby

residents.

2. Intimate MCGM regarding

excavation schedule.

3. Excavated roads to be resurfaced

within 48 hrs by-

a. Reliance Energy: Where the

excavation is on private

roads/pathways

b. MCGM: Where the road is a

public road and reinstatement

charges are paid to MCGM as

Divisional Head to review monthly

records of resurfacing works to be

done by Reliance Energy.

Unit Engineer to write letter to

MCGM for resurfacing the roads and

follow-up with them. Divisional Head

to review monthly records.


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Sr.

No.


Plan

per their policy.

4. Regular follow-up with MCGM

authorities for reinstatement.

10 Wall collapse Property

damage

Excavatio

ns

touching

wall /

vibration

of

excavation

machines

1. Survey the structures and mark

the excavation lines.

2. Keep safe distance from wall

while excavating.

3. Do not use mechanical

excavators on narrow roads.

4. Keep mason on call for repairs, if

any.







11 Wall collapse,

stairs collapse

Property

damage

Transporti

ng

equipment

damage

side by

objects if

roads are

narrow.

1. Carry out transportation route

survey.

2. Inform respective residence if

property is likely to damage.

3. Repair it immediately.

Prior permissions to be taken from

the house owner and assure him that

damages will be repaired by Reliance Energy.

Site Supervisor (Jr. Engineer) to

remain present while transporting

heavy equipments from narrow roads.

Report completion of Damages to

Divisional Head within 48 Hrs.

12 Short circuit Fire hazards Mishandli

ng of

electrical

wires/dam

age to

electrical

wire/hangi

ng wires

1. Safety awareness through the

workshops.

2. 24x7 complaint facility to lodge

fire complaints.

3. Vigilance visits every Six-month

for removal or unauthorized

wires.

Monitoring Committee to review

every month status of the workshop

conducted SRA and ICPCI.

Complaints of the project area to be

extracted on monthly basis from the

CMS database. Summary of Short

circuit, shocks and fire complaints to

be reviewed by Monitoring


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Sr.

No.


Plan

13 Electrical

shocks

Human

health

Mishandli

ng of

electrical

wires/dam

age to

electrical

wire/hangi

ng wires

1. Safety awareness through the

workshops.

2. 24x7 Complaint Facility to lodge

fire complaints.

3. Vigilance visits every Six-month

for removal or unauthorized

wires.

Committee.

Vigilance standard report (EMP2) to

be reviewed by Divisional Head

every Month.


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12.2. The table below gives the Severity, Scale, Probability and Duration (if happens)

of each of the Impact.

Sr.

No.

ASPECT Impact Severity Scale Probabil

ity

Duration

A: Environmental Aspects

1 Drinking

water

contamination

Health

hazards

Medium Local Unlikely Short

2 Noise

Human

health

Medium Local Likely Short

3 Damage to

plants

Loss of

plantation

Medium Local Unlikely Medium

4 Oil leakage

from

transformer

Fire hazard

Contaminati

on of soil

and flow

into

drainage

Medium Local Less

Likely

Short

5 Fugitive dust

and smoke

accumulation

in confined

spaces

Human

health

Medium Local Less

Likely

Short

B: Safety Aspects

6 Road

blockage

Movement

obstruction

Low Local Likely Short

7 Sparks due to

loose

connections

Fire hazards Medium Local Likely Short

8 Cable fault Communica

tion failure

Low Local Less

Likely

Short

9 Road damage Inconvenien

ce to

residents

Low Local Likely Short

10 Wall collapse Property

damage

Low Local Less

Likely

Short

11 Wall collapse,

stairs collapse

Property

damage

Low Local Less

Likely

Short

12 Short circuit Fire hazards Medium Local Likely Short

13 Electrical

shocks

Human

health

Medium Local Less

Likely

Medium


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13. Institutional Structure for EMP Implementation, Monitoring and Reporting:

13.1. During the visit, the mission already noted with satisfaction that Reliance Energy

has developed strong procedures and systems for planning and implementation of

environmental measures in its business operations. This systems and procedures

have been applied by Reliance Energy to its large operations such as power

generating facility near Mumbai. These procedures can easily be adopted for

Mumbai Supply Business.

13.2. Reliance Energy is ISO: 9001, Certified Company. All the procedures are well

documented. 24x7 manpower is available to deal with the complaints. The

average response time is 15 minutes. In addition to 24x7 staff, engineers are on

stand-by in rotation to deal with the emergences.

13.3. Reliance Energy have full-fledged Safety Department, which continuously

initiates the actions after occurrence of any accidents and also take measures to

avoid the recurrence in future.

13.4. For management of disasters, Reliance Energy has,

13.4.1. Disaster control rooms at each Divisional office and main control room at

Santacruz office.

13.4.2. Communication links with the Government and local administrations.

13.4.3. Raising of low level Installations

13.4.4. Stock availability of the equipments and spares to manage disasters.

13.4.5. Mobilization of external resources.

13.4.6. Team of senior management to oversee disasters and review preparedness.

13.5. The standard response plan is shown in figure below,


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Format EMP-1

Damage Reporting while carrying out works on SELR Project site

Title Details

Date of Incident:

Name of Reporting

Engineer:

Location of Incidence:

Description of Damage:

Intensity of Damage: Minor/Major

No. of Peoples affected:

Damage Rectified on:

Damage informed to

respective external

Authority? When?

Investigations:

Joint Visit of Reliance

Energy & Respective

Authority was arranged? If

no, specify reasons.

Enquires were made with

near-by-residence? If no,

specify reasons.

Test Trenches were taken?

Were they adequate?

Clearances maintained from

nearby structure/trees.

Was repairing men reported

in time? Reasons for delay.

Present Status of Damage:

Actions Initiated to avoid

recurrences


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Format EMP-2

Vigilance Raids

Summary Report

Report For the Week: ----------------- to -------------------

Slum/cluster Name

Unauthorized Connection removed from

Pillars Meter Cabin

Load in Amps

Wires Recovered

(Meters)

Cables Recovered (Meters)


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Format EMP-3

Divisional Head - Monthly review.

s.no Incident details Action required Target date for

action

When

completed

Points to be reviewed-

Review containing the summary of EMP-1 &2 formats and communication to

internal and external agencies along with action plan for future.

Legal and regulatory and other requirements if any with compliance report.

Inputs / outputs and financials if any (optional requirement can be put in the

review)

wb280099 E:\World Bank work\GPOBA Mumbai\Post Sept mtg\Docs for review\GPOBA-Mumbai-Env&SocialMF-final-post Sept mtg.doc

01/10/2008 7:41:00 AM

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