SLND
description
Transcript of SLND
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SENTINEL LYMPH NODE DISSECTION
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Indications
• Offered to all patients with a clinically negative nodal basin and a primary melanoma greater than 1 mm in depth
• SLND may be considered for melanoma 0.76-1.0 mm in thickness if adverse features (eg, positive deep margins, lymphovascular invasion, age < 40 years, significant vertical growth phase, increased mitotic rate, Clark level ≥IV) are present
• Melanoma that exhibits regression• Patients with deep (>4 mm) melanoma and
clinically negative nodes
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Contraindications
• Systemic disease
• Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is preferable to SLND as a first step when a patient presents with a clinically evident node
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Procedure
1. Intradermal injection of a radiotracer around the melanoma lesion
2. Transport to the operative suite and induction of anesthesia
3. Intradermal injection of about 1 mL of blue dye (isosulfan blue or methylene blue [preferred]) at the site of the lesion
4. Massage of the lesion for 4-5 minutes to enhance lymphatic drainage
5. Use of a handheld gamma probe to identify “hot spots” (ie, SLNs)
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Procedure
6. Placement of a small incision overlying the hot spot; incisions should be planned to allow for further dissection if this proves necessary
7. Visual search for blue nodes (guided by blue lymphatics) and use of a handheld gamma probe to identify hot nodes in the field
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Procedure
8. Removal of any nodes with significant radiotracer activity, followed by ex-vivo measurement of their radioactivity counts
9. Sending of SLNs (defined as any nodes that are grossly suspicious, harbor blue dye, or have a radioactivity count greater than or equal to 10% of that of the hottest node removed) to pathology for appropriate staining
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Procedure
10. Continuation of dissection until the nodal bed count is 10% of that of the hottest node removed
Once SLND is complete, wide local excision of the primary melanoma is performed
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